Substituents Sentence Examples

Thus in the tri-substitution derivatives six isomers, and no more, are possible when two of the substituents are alike; for instance, six diaminobenzoic acids, C 6 H 3 (NH 2) 2 000H, are known; when all are unlike ten isomers are possible; thus, ten oxytoluic acids, C 6 H 3 -CH 3.

Orientation of Substituent Groups.-The determination of the relative positions of the substituents in a benzene derivative constitutes an important factor in the general investigation of such compounds.

According to Armstrong, anthracene behaves unsymmetrically towards substituents, and hence one lateral ring differs from the other; he represents the molecule as consisting of one centric ring, the remaining medial and lateral ring being ethenoid.

To Jaeger is due the determination of the topic parameters of certain haloid-derivatives, and, while showing that the morphotropic effects closely resemble those occasioned by methyl, he established the important fact that, in general, the crystal form depended upon the orientation of the substituents in the benzene complex.

Styrolene gives origin to three series of derivatives, two of which contain the substituents in the side chain, e.g.

Meyer (Ber., 18 94, 2 7, p. 510 et seq.) showed that in benzenoid compounds ortho-substituents exert a great hindering effect on the esterification of alcohols by acids in the presence of hydrochloric acid, this hindering being particularly marked when two substituents are present in the ortho positions to the carboxyl group. In such a case the ester is best prepared by the action of an alkyl halide on the silver salt of the acid, and when once prepared, can only be hydrolysed with great difficulty.

The complex 7 is expected to be particularly stabilized by the presence of highly electron withdrawing substituents.

The ring substituents R=H and also R=F were studied, the latter having being shown to enhance Möbius aromatic character in particular.

The complete chemical name for a specific ceramide includes the sphingoid and fatty acyl substituents.

The thermal effects of the common organic substituents have also been investigated.

Bulky substituents slow this process, however, and in the case of the molecule shown the two enantiomers have been isolated.