Stimulus Sentence Examples

The statistics of the killed usually afford all necessary stimulus to improvement.

My teacher, realizing this, determined to supply the kinds of stimulus I lacked.

Newborns will respond to several types of stimulus.

The genuine significance of Leo lies rather in the stimulus which he gave.

The mean peak of the response was at 10.5 sec after stimulus onset, with little further change until stimulus onset, with little further change until stimulus offset.

Meanwhile he had been developing his attack on the feminist movement, which had received a great stimulus in Scandinavia from the dramas of Ibsen.

The demonstration by Pasteur that definite diseases could be produced by bacteria, proved a great stimulus to research in the etiology of infective conditions, and the result Historical was a rapid advance in human knowledge.

The work of Metchnikoff, dating from about 1884, has proved of high importance, his theory of phagocytosis (vide infra) having given a great stimulus to research, and having also contributed to important advances.

Largely in consequence of this progress, and partly no doubt owing to the stimulus given by the activity of builders of dirigible balloons, the construction of motor-driven aeroplanes began to attract a number of workers, especially in France.

A great stimulus was given to the improvement of land by the passing in England of a series of acts of parliament, which removed certain obstacles that effectually hindered tenants with limited interests from investing capital in works of drainage and kindred amelioration.

But the Charter is a great stimulus for us to re-examine the means by whereby the Neo-liberal offensive was carried through.

Sensory Fusion Present each eye with different stimulus If sensory fusion intact - patient will report a combined percept.

In the third paradigm NE operates as an unconditioned stimulus for odor preference learning in the rat pup.

There is evidently no change in the purely sensory experience, i.e., in the sensory stimulus to the organism.

The finding adds to previous research by showing that it's not only brain activity elicited by a to-be-remembered stimulus that is important.

First, practice at the driving game would have altered the visual stimulus for all of the participants over the week.

The demand for animals for stock-breeding purposes sent up prices, and this acted as a stimulus to other branches of trade, so that, as peace under the Roca regime seemed assured, a steady flow of immigration from Italy set in.

This reduces the stimulus to one of contact, which is in harmony with the observations made upon roots similarly stimulated from the exterior.

Response to the action of gravity appears to be associated with the movements of starch grains in certain cellsstatolith cellsby which pressure is exerted on the cytoplasm and a stimulus set up which results in the geotropic response.

After a short time his father removed to the " rustic solitude " of Buriton (Hants), but young Gibbon lived chiefly at the house of his maternal grandfather at Putney, where, under the care of his devoted aunt, he developed, he tells us, that passionate love of reading " which he would not exchange for all the treasures of India," and where his mind received its most decided stimulus.

The friends of individual liberty and local government naturally found in the assumption by the central government of even the minimum of its granted powers constant stimulus to their fears (see Democratic Party); while the financial measures of Hamilton - whose wish for extreme centralization was nowise satisfied by the government actually created in 1787 - were calculated to force an immediate and firm assumption by that government, to the limit, of every power it could be held to possess.

The rapid advance of Belgium in industrial and manufacturing prosperity, due largely to the stimulus of William's personal initiative, did nothing to bring north and south together, but rather increased their rivalry and jealousy, for the Dutch provinces had neither manufactures nor ironand coal-mines, but were dependent on agriculture and sea-borne commerce for their welfare.

By it is meant the property an organism endowed with the power of movement has to move towards or away from a chemical stimulus applied unilaterally, or, at any rate, where it is applied in a more concentrated state on the one side than on the others, and more particularly where the concentration increases gradually in one direction away from the living organism acted upon.

His theory of medicine professed to explain the processes of life and disease, and the methods of cure, upon one simple principle - that of the property of" excitability,"in virtue of which the" exciting powers,"defined as being (1) external forces and (2) the functions of the system itself, call forth the vital phenomena" sense, motion, mental function and passion."All exciting powers are stimulant, the apparent debilitating or sedative effect of some being due to a deficiency in the degree of stimulus; so that the final conclusion is that" the whole phenomena of life, health as well as disease, consist in stimulus and nothing else."Brown recognized some diseases as sthenic, others as asthenic, the latter requiring stimulating treatment, the former the reverse; but his practical conclusion was that 97% of all diseases required a" stimulating "treatment.

Artistic pleasure, grown less delicate, required the stimulus of a more sensational effect or a more striking realism, as we may see by the Pergamene and Rhodian schools of sculpture, by the bas-reliefs with the genre subjects drawn from the life of the countryside, or, in literature by the sort of historical writing which became popular with Cleitarchus and Duris, by the studied emotional or rhetorical point of Callimachus, and by the portrayal of country life in Theocritus.

The limited supply and high price of these tiles for a time impeded the progress of the new system of draining; but the invention of tile-making machines removed this impediment, and gave a stimulus to this fundamental agricultural improvement.

It might have emerged in any case; but Canning, with his brilliant popular gifts and his frank appeal to popular support, gave it a revivifying stimulus which it would never have received froman aristocrat of the type of Castlereagh.

During 1877 the new federation of Liberal Associations which became known as the "Caucus" was started under Mr Chamberlain's influence in Birmingham - its secretary, Mr Schnadhorst, quickly making himself felt as a wire-puller of exceptional ability; and the new organization had a remarkable effect in putting life into the Liberal party, which since Mr Gladstone's retirement in 1874 had been much in need of a stimulus.

The child comes into the world with the ability to learn, and he learns of himself, provided he is supplied with sufficient outward stimulus.

Whatever the stimulus for erosion and deposition, the sediments within these hollows typically contain an important record of local environmental change.

Obviously a time could come when there is sufficient slack in the economy on any basis and some stimulus might be in order.

Female stickleback have silver bellies, this is the stimulus that attracts the males.

Noxious stimulus Stimulus that causes or has the potential to cause pain.

The mean peak of the response was at 10.5 sec after stimulus onset, with little further change until stimulus offset.

The current was adjusted to obtain the greatest twitch at the lowest stimulus intensity.

Challenge A stimulus for creativity can be the challenge presented by a task.

Ask questions about what the learner writes to create stimulus for writing.

You might expect herring gulls to have evolved so that they more closely match the characteristics of the supernormal stimulus.

We now believe that the tetanic stimulus causes the release of a large amount of GABA.

An event that produces a response without prior learning is called the unconditioned stimulus.

Name the kind of learning in which a stimulus which usually produces an unconditioned response is manipulated to produce a conditioned response.

While this is a physical activity, it is strictly involuntary and results as a response from some type of stimulus.

These artificial forms of stimulus don't enrich your baby's brain the way that other toys do.

A feline will be restless and respond violently to almost any stimulus.

This negative stimulus eventually teaches your dog to knock it off.

There are ten different levels of stimulation, but you should always begin with the lowest setting and only dial up to the next higher setting if your dog doesn't respond to the stimulus.

As part of the federal stimulus, the Obama Administration has earmarked $3.2 billion for energy efficiency upgrades.

Teens are continuously trapped in a stimulus filled world.

It shifts control to a milk removal driven process, i.e., sucking stimulus.

It is an organ that actively produces milk due to the stimulus of the infant's sucking; the removal of milk from the breasts causes continued milk production.

Acute pain-Pain in response to injury or another stimulus that resolves when the injury heals or the stimulus is removed.

If a sore throat is caused by environmental factors, the aggravating stimulus should be eliminated from the sufferer's environment.

Stressor-A stimulus, or event, that provokes a stress response in an organism.

Low-toned muscles contract very slowly in response to a stimulus and cannot maintain a contraction for as long as a normal muscle.

Once the stimulus is removed, the muscle then relaxes and returns to its normal resting state.

Muscles contract very slowly in response to a stimulus and cannot maintain a contraction for as long as a normal muscle.

Behavior-A stereotyped motor response to an internal or external stimulus.

This type of pain usually goes away as the injury heals or the cause of the pain (stimulus) is removed.

Nociceptors are classified according to the stimulus that prompts them to transmit a pain signal.

Mechanoreceptive nociceptors respond to a pressure stimulus that may cause injury.

A stimulus at this part of the nociceptor unleashes a cascade of neurotransmitters (chemicals that transmit information within the nervous system) in the spine.

These changes may also occur in the absence of an identifiable cause; one of the frustrating aspects of chronic pain is that the stimulus may be unknown.

For example, the stimulus cannot be medically identified in as many as 85 percent of individuals suffering from lower back pain.

Hyperalgesia is somewhat related to allodynia in that the response to a painful stimulus is extreme.

In this case, a mild pain stimulus, such as a pinprick, causes a maximum pain response.

This stimulus results in a symmetrical extension of the infant's extremities while forming a C shape with the thumb and forefinger.

The neonate responds by turning the head toward the stimulus, opening the mouth and searching for the stimulus.

Punishment-The application of a negative stimulus to reduce or eliminate a behavior.

Sensations such as these, which occur without any associated stimulus, are called paresthesias.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advises parents that normal play with adults is more than enough physical stimulus to encourage normal development of motor skills.

If a sound is heard by the child, then he or she turns toward the appropriate speaker and is rewarded by a visual stimulus, such as an animated toy or a flashing light, although video images have been used for older children.

The child is instructed to listen for a sound and to respond when a sound is heard by doing varying tasks, such as placing a ball in a cup or placing a peg in a pegboard, when the auditory stimulus is heard.

Any stimulus, such as noise or light, can set off a round of convulsions.

Most often it takes the form of desensitization, a technique by which the fearful person is exposed to the feared stimulus in an extremely mild form and then with gradually increasing degrees of intensity.

A stimulus, such as a light tap with a rubber hammer, causes sensory neurons (nerve cells) to send signals to the spinal cord.

Here, the signals are conveyed both to the brain and to nerves that control muscles affected by the stimulus.

Without any brain intervention, these muscles may respond to an appropriate stimulus by contracting.

Reflexes can be difficult to elicit if the person is paying too much attention to the stimulus.

The strength of the response depends partly on the strength of the stimulus.

For this reason, the examiner will attempt to elicit the response with the smallest stimulus possible.

Evoked potentials record the response of the brain to a sensory, visual, or auditory stimulus.

This behavior continues beyond the initial stimulus and eventually becomes habitual.

The test stimulus most often used in professional offices contains six different designs or numbers on a black background, framed in a yellow border.

In March 2008 The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 was signed into law.

If you are a first time home buyer, stimulus programs passed by Congress in 2008 and 2009 might give you the extra help you need to purchase your home.

If you need to lower your mortgage interest rates, check out these stimulus mortgage refinancing facts to see if you qualify for the special refinancing program offered under the federal Making Home Affordable program.

There is consequently a transmission of the stimulus from the sensitive organ to a kind of motor mechanism situated some little way off.

Such small granules have been observed in the sensitive cells, and there is an evident correlation between these and the power of receiving the geotropic stimulus.

The small pulvini of the leaflets, by similar changes of the distribution of turgidity, take up their respective position.s after receiving the stimulus.

In other words, the plant must be irritable to the stimulus exerted from without, and be capable of responding to it by changes of form and structure.

In the following year he made his first acquaintance with the literature of Spain under the influence of his friend and biographer, Ticknor; and, while its attractiveness proved greater than he had at the outset anticipated, the comparative novelty of the subject as a field for research served as an additional stimulus.

The establishment of this order, which still possesses numerous cloisters throughout the Turkish empire, and the leadership of which has been kept in Jalaluddin's family in Iconium uninterruptedly for the last six hundred years, gave a new stimulus to his zeal and poetical inspiration.

The characteristic feature of the imitative act, at the instinctive level, is that the presentation to sight or hearing calls forth a mode of behaviour of like nature to, or producing like results to, that which affords the stimulus.

But it is probable that what we speak of as the imitative tendency is, in any given species, the expression of a considerable number of particular responses each of which is congenitally linked with a particular presentation or stimulus.

If a character of much longer standing (certain properties of height, length, breadth, colour, &c.) had not become fixed and congenital after many thousands of successive generations of individuals had developed it in response to environment, but gave place to a new character when new moulding conditions operated on an individual (Lamarck's first law), why should we suppose that the new character is likely to become fixed and transmitted by mere heredity after a much shorter time of existence in response to environmental stimulus ?

His labours coincided in time with the great development of biology under the stimulus of the Darwinian theory, and the sympathizers with the new views, feeling the need of a comprehensive survey of the world as a whole, very widely accepted Spencer's philosophy at its own valuation, both in England and, still more, in America.

Although the age did not afford free scope and stimulus to individual energy and enterprise, it furnished more material and social advantages for the peaceful cultivation of letters.

The new profession of the delator must have given a stimulus to oratory.

Having formed an acquaintance with the painter Carstens, whose influence was an important stimulus and help to him, he renounced his trade of druggist, and set up as a portrait-painter and drawing-master.

A great stimulus to the study of this mountain system was given by the foundation of the Hungarian Carpathian Society in 1873, and a great deal of information has been added to our knowledge since.

Its success contains at once a warning to those doubters who are always crying out that we have reached the limitations of knowledge, and an encouragement and stimulus to would-be explorers of new intellectual realms.

In the course, of investigating this special problem great improvements were made in the methods of observing in the deep sea, and also in the representation and discussion of the data obtained, and a powerful stimulus was given to the study of oceanography in all the countries of Europe.

Another stimulus came from the biologists, Pacific. On the 1st of November 1876 a cyclone acting in this who began to realize the importance of a more detailed investigaway submerged a great area of the level plain of the Ganges tion of the life conditions of organisms at great depths in the delta to a depth of 46 ft.; here the influence of the difference sea.

The completion of the latter line precipitated one of the most extraordinary of American railway wars and land booms, which resulted in giving southern California a great stimulus.

Thousands of cultivators who had emigrated across the Wardha to the peshwa's dominions, in order to escape the ruinous fiscal system of the nizam's government, now returned; the American Civil War gave an immense stimulus to the cotton trade; the laying of a line of railway across the province provided yet further employment, and the people rapidly became prosperous and contented.

But it served as a powerful stimulus to Zeno, who by descent was imbued with oriental mysticism.

He also first gave a stimulus to the public exhibition of works of art.

The pursuit of mechanical methods furnished a stimulus to the study of mechanical loci, for example, the locus of a point carried on a rod which is caused to move according to a definite rule.

Fauriel was biased in this work by his preconceived and somewhat fanciful theory that Provence was the cradle of the chansons de geste and even of the Round Table romances; but he gave a great stimulus to the scientific study of Old French and Provencal.

At the same time it must not be supposed that a hard and fast line can be drawn beyond which the spiritual stimulus of this first age ceased.

Magic, astrology and alchemy - all the outgrowth of Neoplatonism - gave the first effectual stimulus to the observation of nature, and consequently to natural science, and in this way finally extinguished barren rationalism.

The age of the Reformation gave a great stimulus to the production of catechisms. This was but natural at a time when the invention of printing had thrown the Bible open to all, and carried the war of religious opinion from the schools into the streets.

To the temperament of the Jat, the Arora and the Ramgarhia Sikh add the stimulus of a militant religion.

These people came in condition to breed with unprecedented rapidity, under the stimulus of an abundance, 2According to Lavasseur and Bodio, 14.5% from 1860 to 1880;

Under the stimulus of federal bounties, the production of pig iron and of steel, chiefly from imported ore, is rapidly increasing.

But It Is Of Far Reaching Importance As The First Great Literary Stimulus To Racial Self Respect.

With the rise of the Medici came a rapid increase of prosperity; Cosmo, Francis and Ferdinand erected fortifications and harbour works, warehouses and churches, with equal liberality, and the last especially gave a stimulus to trade by inviting "men of the East and the West, Spanish and Portuguese, Greeks, Germans, Italians, Hebrews, Turks, Moors, Armenians, Persians and others," to settle and traffic in the city, as it became in 1606.

With the resumption of peaceful enterprise, the stimulus of bounties was again applied - first by Connecticut in 1783; and such efforts have been continued sporadically down almost to the present day.

German statesmen, under the powerful stimulus of the emperor William II., have, in the eyes of some critics, carried this secondary object of conscript training to such excess as to be detrimental to military efficiency.

Chemical action has frequently been suggested as being a necessary factor in the luminosity of flame, not only in the sense that it causes a sufficient rise of temperature but as furnishing some special and peculiar though undefined stimulus.

Having satisfied himself in what he called " outer psychophysics," that the stimulus causes only the nervous process and not sensation, he passed to what he called " inner psychophysics," or the theory of the relation between nervous and psychical processes.

The first question he answered from his imagination by supposing that, while the external world is stimulus of the nervous process, the nervous process is the immediate stimulus of the sensation, and that the sensation increases by a constant fraction of the previous stimulus in the nervous system, when Weber's law proves only that it increases by a constant fraction of the previous stimulus in the external world.

This answer supposed that the whole physical process from the action of the external stimulus on the nervous system to the reaction of the organism on the external world is one series, while the conscious process beginning with sensation is only parallel and as it were left high and dry.

Having long assumed that the whole world is animated throughout, and that there are always two parallel series, physical and psychical, he concluded that, while a physical stimulus is causing a physical nervous process, a psychical accompaniment of the stimulus is causing the sensation, which, according to him, is the psychical accompaniment of the nervous process; and that, as the whole physical and the whole psychical series are the same, differing only as outer and inner, this identity holds both of stimulus and its psychical accompaniment and of nervous process and its accompanying sensation.

Proceeding on this suggestion, and misled by the mathematical expression which he had given to Weber's law, Fechner held that a conscious sensation, like its stimulus, consists of units, or elements, by summation and increments of which conscious sensations and their differences are produced; so that consciousness, according to this unnecessary assumption, emerges from an integration of unconscious shocks or tremors.

He considered that the whole hypothesis that an outer physical thing causes a change in one's central nervous system, which again causes another change in one's inner psychical system or soul, is a departure from the natural view of the universe, and is due to what he called " introjection," or the hypothesis which encloses soul and its faculties in the body, and then, having created a false antithesis between outer and inner, gets into the difficulty of explaining how an outer physical stimulus can impart something into an inner psychical soul.

He accepts psychophysical parallelism in the sense that every psychical process has a physical accompaniment, every physiological function has a psychical meaning, but neither external stimulus nor physiological stimulus is cause of a psychical process, nor vice versa.

According to his phenomenalism, the external stimulus and the physiological stimulus are both parallels of the same psychical process; the external body, as well as my body, is merely an object abstracted from an idea of my experience; and what is really known in every case is a unitary experience; divisible, but not separable, into body and soul, physical and psychical factors of one and the same unitary experience.

What, then, could he make of the external stimulus ?

He does not say what happens when we use vision alone and still infer that an external stimulus causes the internal sensation.

Secondly, there are so-called " subjective sensations," without any external object as stimulus, most commonly in vision, but also in touch, which is liable to formication, or the feeling of creeping in the skin, and to horripilation, or the feeling of bristling in the hair; yet, even in " subjective sensations," we perceive something sensible, which, however, must be within, and not outside, the organism.

The individuals in which this diminished pigmentation is found are for the most part those living in caves, and it is probable that their condition is not truly albinotic, but only temporary and due to the absence of the stimulus of light.

A great stimulus was given to it by the foundation of the various Alpine clubs, each of which drew together the climbers who dwelt in the same country.

In this case the scion is grafted directly on to a portion of the root of some appropriate stock, both graft and stock being usually very small; the grafted root is then potted so as to cover the point of junction with the soil, and is plunged in the bed of the propagating house, where it gets the slight stimulus of a gentle bottom heat.

A great stimulus was given to manufacturing industry in Bavaria by the law of 1868, which abolished the last remains of the old restrictions of the gilds, and gave the whole country the liberty which had been enjoyed by the Rhine Palatinate alone.

The events of 1830-1831 gave a great stimulus to Belgian letters, but the country possessed writers of considerable merit before that date.

Music in Germany also receives a great stimulus from the existence, in almost every important town, of opera-houses partly supported by the sovereigns or by the civic authorities.

Besides maintaining a manly spirit in the population, the towns rapidly added to their importance by the stimulus they gave to all kinds of industry and trade.

Rolle wrote in the northern dialect, but southern transcripts are also found, and the poem exists in a Latin version (Stimulus conscientiae).

Similarly, such a single stimulus elicits from a skeletal muscle a single "beat," or, as it is termed, a "twitch."

But in the skeletal, voluntary or striped muscles a second stimulus succeeding a previous so quickly as to fall even during the continuance of the contraction excited by a first, elicits a second contraction.

A third stimulus excites a third additional contraction, a fourth a fourth, and so on.

The change which excites them is termed a stimulus.

The least stimulus which suffices to excite is known as the stimulus of threshold value.

In the case of the heart muscle this threshold stimulus evokes a beat as extensive as does the strongest stimulus; that is, the intensity of the stimulus, so long as it is above threshold value, is not a function of the amount of the muscular response.

But in the ordinary skeletal muscles the amount of the muscular contraction is for a short range of quantities of stimulus (of above threshold value) proportioned to the intensity of the stimulus and increases with it.

A value of stimulus, however, is soon reached which evokes a maximal contraction.

Further increase of contraction does not follow further increase of the intensity of the stimulus above that point.

Just as in a nerve fibre, when excited by a localized stimulus, the excited state spreads from the excited point to the adjacent unexcited ones, so in muscle the "contraction," when excited at a point, spreads to the adjacent uncontracted parts.

The contracted state, instead of rapidly subsiding after discontinuance of the stimulus, slowly and only partially wears off, the muscle remaining in a condition of physiological "contracture."

The wave of change (nervous impulse) induced in a neuron by advent of a stimulus is after all only a sudden augmentation of an activity continuous within the neuron - a transient accentuation of one (the disintegrative) phase of the metabolism inherent in and inseparable from its life.

It is a brief extension of the limb at the knee-joint, due to a simple contraction of the extensor muscle, elicited by a tap or other short mechanical stimulus applied to the muscle fibres through the tendon of the muscle.

The nerve cell just prior to sleep is still well capable of response to stimuli, although perhaps the threshold-value of the stimulus has become rather high, whereas after entrance upon sleep and continuance of sleep for several hours, and more, when all spur to the dissimilation process has been long withheld, the threshold-value of the sensory stimulus becomes enormously higher than before.

A sudden intense sense stimulus usually suffices to end this tonic discharge.

Vedel, by the edition of the Kjaempeviser which is mentioned above, gave an immense stimulus to the progress of literature.

This view is still maintained by those who differentiate two acts of fertilization within the embryo-sac, and regard that of the egg by the first male-cell, as the true or generative fertilization, and that of the polar nuclei by the second male gamete as a vegetative fertilization which gives a stimulus to development in correlation with the other.

A great stimulus to the study of Frederick's history has since been given by the publication of collections of documents preserved in various archives.

These images are created or produced not by an external stimulus, such as is necessary for a visual image (even the after-image is due to the continued excitement of the same organ), but by a mental act of reproduction.

For this no external stimulus is required, and as compared with the after-image it represents the objects in perspective just as they might be seen in perception.

His growing acceptance by publishers, and the inheritance of her property by Mrs Carlyle on her mother's death in 1842, finally removed the stimulus of money pressure.

Further stimulus was also supplied by the high prices that obtained during the Napoleonic wars, and, in spite of periods of severe depression since then, the science of agriculture has continued to advance.

The stimulus given to shipbuilding encouraged commerce, and freedom from war fostered the middle class, which was soon to make its influence felt in the Reformation.

Under Goethe's stimulus he won fresh laurels in that domain of philosophical lyric which he had opened with Die Kiinstler; and in Das Ideal and das Leben, Die Macht des Gesanges, Wiirde der Frauen, and Der Spaziergang, he produced masterpieces of reflective poetry which have not their equal in German literature.

The introduction of steamboats on the Danube in 1830 was one of the earliest material causes of the progress of Budapest, and gave a great stimulus to its corn trade.

Or again, the process of scientific induction is a threefold chain; the original hypothesis (the first unification of the fact) seems to melt away when confronted with opposite facts, and yet no scientific progress is possible unless the stimulus of the original unification is strong enough to clasp the discordant facts and establish a reunification.

The stimulus of contradiction is no doubt a strong one; but the easiest way of escaping it is to shut our eyes to one side of the antithesis.

As far as actual work was concerned, Goethe went his own way as he had always been accustomed to do; but the mere fact that he devoted himself with increasing interest to literature was due to Schiller's stimulus.

In recent years the cultivation of oil-seeds has received an extraordinary stimulus owing to the demand for export to Europe, especially to France; but as they can be grown after rice, &c., as a second crop, this increase has hardly at all tended to diminish the production of food grains.

In the Madras districts of Nellore and Kurnool the indigenous breed has been greatly improved under the stimulus of cattle shows and prizes founded by British officials.

Starting from the broad ground of general toleration, Akbar was gradually led on by the stimulus of cosmopolitan discussion to question the truth of his inherited faith.

The defeat of the " Invincible Armada " in 1588, at which time the crowns of Spain and Portugal were united, gave a fresh stimulus to maritime enterprise in England; and the successful voyage of Cornelius Houtman in East 1596 showed the way round the Cape of Good Hoe lnd,a 59 Y P P Company.

This great shrinkage in exchange caused considerable loss to the Indian government in remitting to Europe, and entailed hardship upon Anglo-Indians who received pensions or other payments in rupees, while on the other hand it supplied an artificial stimulus to the export trade by increasing the purchasing power of gold.

These results are no doubt greatly aided by the judicious stimulus given to the highest effort of the mark system.

It requires no will, but is usually involuntary, for the stimulus forces one's attention, which is not always voluntary; not all judgment then requires will, as Wundt supposes.

The interlocutors must in truth render an account under the stimulus of organized heckling from their equals or superiors in de.bating ability.

Confrontation with the historical Aristotle may have brought but little comfort to the orthodox system, but it was a stimulus to dialectical activity within the schools.

His influence on his successors has rather lain in the general stimulus of his enthusiasm for experience, or in the success with which he represents the cause of nominalism and in certain special devices of method handed down till, through Hume or Herschel, they affected the thought of Mill.

Hamilton's significance for the history of logic lies in the stimulus that he gave to the development of symbolic logic in England by his new analytic based upon his discovery or adoption of the principle of the quantification of the predicate.

The economic stimulus given by such times may be imagined.

Under the stimulus of Blair's activity religion and education prospered as never before.

The classical stimulus came to painters, sculptors and architects chiefly through literature.

The lower and unprogressive religions practically remain in the polydaemonistic stage, though not without occasionally feeling the stimulus of contact with higher faiths, like some of the West African peoples in.

This feeble echo of the full response to stimulus is an idea, which is thus only another word for imperfect organization or adjustment.

Intellect, in short, is only the consequence of insufficient response between stimulus and action.

By far the greater part of the interest now paid in the civilized world is, in the language of the English economists, only a fair reward for risk of loss and for management of capital, and a necessary stimulus to saving.

In 1858 she published her Notes on Nursing, which gave an enormous stimulus to the study of this subject in England.

Nevertheless this was a period of great intellectual stimulus and activity, and Swedish literature took a solid shape for the first time.

He brought scholars from foreign countries to act as teachers, and gave a very powerful stimulus to the educational development of the country.

Thus the stimulating effect of sea-bathing is more marked than simple salt-water baths, for in addition to the effect upon the skin produced by the salt and by the temperature of the water, we have the quicker removal of heat by the continual renewal of the water as the waves dash over the body, and mechanical stimulus from its weight and impetus.

The lack of posts and telegrams prevents much of the excitement which they would have upon shore, the space for exercise is limited, food is abundant and appetite is supplied by the stimulus of constant exposure in the open air.

It gave a fresh stimulus to the controversy, which had for some time been discontinued, respecting the resumption of cash payments, and indirectly led to' the appointment of a committee of the House of Commons, commonly known as the Bullion Committee, to consider the whole question.

Its geographical position and history have rendered Portugal very dependent for intellectual stimulus and literary culture on foreign countries, and writers on Portuguese literature are wont to divide their subjects into periods corresponding to the literary currents from abroad which have modified its evolution.

The writings of other men he used more for stimulus than for guidance.

The intention of this act was a liberal one, but the moment of its introduction was inopportune, and its effect was to give an additional stimulus to the policy of the Bond.

These enterprises themselves did not receive general support even among the Transcendentalist leaders, and the real significance of the movement was the stimulus which it gave to philanthropy, to the Abolition movement, and to a new ideal of individual character.

In Kansas they were a stimulus to the most radical elements.

Lord Palmerston proposed and carried the provision of a large sum of, money for the fortification of the coasts; and the volunteer movement, which had its origin in 1859, received a remarkable stimulus in 1860.

In the middle ages the stimulus to write was mainly of a moral or ecclesiastical nature, though the patriotic impulse which had suggested the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was perhaps never entirely absent, and the ecclesiastical motive often degenerated into a desire to glorify, sometimes even by forgery, not merely the church as a whole, but the particular monastery to which the writer belonged.

When glands are confined to the male, their function is no doubt sexual; the secretion forming part of the attraction, or stimulus, to the other sex.

Not the less important is the indirect stimulus given by the Reformation towards the development of a moral philosophy independent alike of Catholic and Protestant assumptions.

Hegelianism appears as a distinct element in modern English ethical thought; but the direct influence of Hegel's system is perhaps less important than that indirectly exercised through the powerful stimulus which it has given to the study of the historical development of human thought and human society.

A new stimulus was given to agriculture by the encouragement which King Alexander personally extended to the establishment of rural co-operative associations on the Raiffeisen principles.

The industry received a powerful stimulus from the loss of the Spanish colonies in 1898, which freed the Spanish growers from the rivalry of their most successful competitors in the home market.

Under the stimulus of Berber fanaticism the toleration first shown to the Christians was turned to persecution.

Where wants are few and simple, where houses need not be built nor clothes worn to keep out the cold, there is little stimulus to exertion.

Astronomers were only then beginning to study variable and periodic stars, and disturbances in that part of the heavens, which had till then, on the authority of Aristotle, been regarded as incorruptible, combined with the troubles of the times, must have given a new stimulus to belief in the signs in heaven.

This was in the main only an indication of the general Farmers' Movement,' but this found in Nebraska special stimulus in large losses (almost $900,000) suffered by the state from the negligence and defalcation of certain Republican officeholders.

This book gave a great stimulus to the study of medieval literary and religious documents, especially of such as are connected with the history of the Franciscan Order.

Motor neurons that survive develop new terminal axon sprouts in response to an unknown stimulus.

The same program can simulate the behavior of an item containing one of the faults in response to the stimulus.

Robinson, K. & PATTERSON, R.D. APU 3314 The stimulus duration required to identify vowels, their octave, and their pitch chroma.

This shows one EV for each of the basis functions convolved with the experimental stimulus.

The stimulus (or neural activity) is then convolved with the assumed or modeled HRF to give the assumed BOLD response.

Current and future studies will investigate neurovascular coupling over a broad range of stimulus parameters and cortical areas.

He is quick to respond to attraction, and easily becomes enthusiastic under such stimulus; but he is not very enduring.

In order to resolve stimulus equivalence, stimuli can be combined into classes whenever a unique behavior is required.

Trainees have the opportunity to develop traditional techniques, and to use the gamelan as a stimulus for composition.

These agents also engender stimulus generalization gradients similar to those of exteroceptive stimuli as a function of modifications of their chemical composition.

Children training with weights have shown minimal hypertrophy in response to this stimulus.

The stimulus for muscle fiber hypertrophy may vary between muscle groups, depending on their activity pattern.

Noxious stimulus A noxious stimulus A noxious stimulus is one which is damaging to normal tissues.

A nociceptor is a receptor which is preferentially sensitive to noxious stimulus or a noxious stimulus that would become noxious if prolonged.

Project provided stimulus for interesting investigative work on the site.

Thus, the effective auditory stimulus for the activation is not masked by the scanner noise.

The northern barons refused to pay, and the gathering forces of resistance received a powerful stimulus when a little later came the news of the king's humiliation at Bouvines.

The perception of the changes, or, in other words, the reception of the stimulus, is associated for example, with the tips of roots and the apices of stems. The first recognition of a specially receptive part was made by Charles Darwin, who identified the perception of stimulation with the tip of the young growing root.

The response to the action of light in diatropic leaves is, according to Haberlandt, due to the presence of epidermal cells which are shaped like a lens, or with lens-shaped thickenings of the cuticle, through which convergence of the light rays takes place and causes a differential illumination of the lining layer of protoplasm on the basal walls of the epidermal cells, by which the stimulus resulting in the orientation of the leaf is brought about.

Her name is found on monuments from the third dynasty onwards, but a great stimulus was given to her worship by the twenty-second (Bubastite) dynasty and generally by the increased importance of Lower Egypt in later times.

Preaching once more was based on the Bible, which was expounded with force and earnestness, and though throughout the century there remained a good' many pulpiteers who produced nothing but solemn fudge, the example and stimulus given by Wesley and Whitefield were almost immeasurably productive.

Then something in their environment acts as a stimulus, or trigger, to their immune system, causing the disease to become active for the first time.

In March 2009, the Making Home Affordable program was introduced as part of the federal stimulus package.

You can receive stimulus mortgage refinancing facts and information about the program at no cost from lenders, lending servicers and HUD-approved counseling agencies.

Who gets mortgage help from stimulus package programs?

The 2009 Making Home Affordable program was introduced as part of the federal stimulus package to help homeowners who were facing the likelihood of not being able to make their mortgage payments.

The stimulus package program can provide assistance to homeowners in a variety of situations.

One thing is common among all candidates for stimulus help; the homeowner wants to avoid being in the situation of not being able to make their mortgage payment on time.

The stimulus program allows mortgage loans that are guaranteed or owned by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac to be modified.

The stimulus program allows homeowners to refinance their home if their first mortgage is up to 105 percent of the current value of the home.

The time to take advantage of the federal stimulus package is before you miss your first mortgage payment.

Stimulus package mortgage assistance is available for homeowners and first time buyers through federal programs introduced in 2009.

Several mortgage assistance programs were including in the stimulus packages enacted by Congress in 2009.

The key to obtaining stimulus package mortgage assistance is for the first time home buyers or homeowner to move quickly and get information to determine if they might qualify for the benefits and to help them evaluate their options.

The Department of Housing and Urban Development provides information on the stimulus package programs to non-profit counseling agencies throughout the United States.

The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 expanded the amount of money the FHA has to help borrowers secure in mortgages.

Before the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, the cap the FHA could guarantee -even in areas with high-priced homes- was $362,790.

The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 also allowed the FHA to help borrowers secure loans for amounts that reach 125 percent of the area's average home price.

One source, however, is through the economic stimulus package or American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.

Hypo-sensitivity is also a common sensory problem in autistic individuals, with some individuals indifferent to sensory stimulus like cold, heat, discomfort, or pain.

For many, unexplained weight gain is the stimulus that gets them off the couch and into the doctor's office.

In other words, the body experienced greater stimulus from exercising on a trampoline when compared to running.

Federal stimulus money has also been made available to increase payments by $25 per week.

The "COBRA Stimulus" is the portion of The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act pertaining to The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation (COBRA) Act.

The "stimulus" refers to The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that was signed into law in early 2009.

The stimulus plan inadvertently prompted many fraudulent scams, so people must take care to carefully study and documentation received regarding the COBRA stimulus.

Whether people are eligible for this special COBRA stimulus enrollment depends largely on the date they lost their job as well as their annual income.

Keep in mind that COBRA benefits extend to eligible family members too, so the COBRA stimulus can result in substantial savings for your entire family for up to nine months.

As part of the 2009 stimulus package, you may qualify for a reduced premium.

People who declined coverage outside of these dates are not eligible to elect coverage under the Stimulus COBRA.

Not everyone is eligible for rate reductions and enrollment into coverage after initially declining under the Stimulus COBRA.

This also may disqualify your dependents from coverage from COBRA as well as the additional Stimulus COBRA benefits.

Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, also known as the "Stimulus Bill," employers are required to subsidize their former employees' COBRA health insurance premiums for up to nine months.

In response to the recession that hit the United States in late 2007, President Obama put into practice both an increase in the length of time people could receive unemployment benefits and a COBRA stimulus package.

Before the COBRA stimulus package, Americans were only allowed to keep their employer sponsored health insurance for 18 to 36 months after they left their jobs either voluntarily or due to a layoff or cutback in hours.

At this point, the person is required to notify the issuer of the COBRA stimulus plan whether he or she accepts the coverage offered or not.

A lot of employers are none too happy about this stimulus package.

The stimulus package is not indefinite, with an end date of December 31, 2009.

In 2009, Guelph received government stimulus funds totally $44.4 million in order to pay for 25 infrastructure projects that would improve and beautiful the city.

Organs which respond to the mechanical stimulus of contact are found to possess special contrivances in certain of their cells(I) sensitive spots, consisting of places here and there on the epidermal cells where the wall is thin and in close contact with protoplasmic projections.

Suffice it to say that in spite of its spiritualistic starting-point its general result was to give a stimulus to the prevailing scientific tendency as represented by Galileo, Kepler and Harvey to the principle of mechanical explanations of the phenomena of the universe.

He generalized Weber's law in the form that sensation generally increases in intensity as the stimulus increases by a constant function of the previous stimulus; or increases in an arithmetical progression as the stimulus increases in a geometrical ratio; or increases by addition of the same amount as the stimulus increases by the same multiple; or increases as the logarithm of the stimulus.

General Tendencies Since Darwin Darwin may be said to have founded the science of bionomics, and at the same time to have given new stimulus and new direction to morphography, physiology, and plasmology, by uniting them as contributories to one common biological doctrine-the doctrine of organic evolution-itself but a part of the wider doctrine of universal evolution based on the laws of physics and chemistry.

A powerful stimulus was thus given to the growth of cotton in all directions; a degree of activity and enterprise never witnessed before was seen in India, Egypt, Turkey, Greece, Italy, Africa, the West Indies, Queensland, New South Wales, Peru, Brazil, and in short wherever cotton could be produced; and there seemed no room to doubt that in a short time there would be abundant supplies independently of America.

It was the application of Fritz Miller's law of recapitulation which gave the chief stimulus to embryological investigations between 1865 and 1890; and, though it is now recognized that " recapitulation " is vastly and bewilderingly modified by special adaptations in every case, yet the principle has served, and still serves, as a guide of great value.

Later, when the novelty of clothing has spent its force, the stimulus is supplied by nudity complete or partial.

This interval was diligently devoted to the pursuit of classical and historical studies, to preparing himself for ordination, and to searching investigations, under the stimulus of continual discussion with a band of talented and congenial associates, of the profoundest questions in theology, ecclesiastical polity and social philosophy.

His general formula for getting at the number of units in any sensation is S = C log R, where s stands for the sensation, R for the stimulus numerically estimated, and c for a constant that must be separately determined by experiment in each particular order of sensibility.

Between Linnaeus and Cuvier there are no very great names; but under the stimulus given by the admirable method and system of Linnaeus observation and description of new forms from all parts of the world, both recent and fossil, accumulated.

Looking at the question then from the point of view of sexual selection it would seem that a stage in the progress of human society is marked by the discovery that concealment affords a greater stimulus than revelation; that the fact is true is obvious, - even to modern eyes a figure partially clad appears far more indecent than a nude.

That the stimulus is real is seen in the fact that among nude races flagrant immorality is far less common than among the more clothed; the contrast between the Polynesians and Melanesians, living as neighbours under similar conditions, is striking evidence on this point.

On the other hand, with the efforts towards a rapprochement with the Church of Rome, to which the visit of the French Abbe Portal in 1894 gave some stimulus, the archbishop would have nothing to do.

The response to the stimulus takes the form of increasing the permeability of particular cells of the growing structures, and so modifying the degree of the turgidity that is the precursor of growth in them.

The irritation set up by the hatching egg and its resulting larva appears to be the stimulus to development, and net a poison or enzyme injected by the insect.

There is no conclusive ground for regarding the action of this change as having been direct, it is more reasonable to regard it as indirect, having acted as a general stimulus to which the ever-increasing complexity of the sporophyte was the response.

The treatises on physical geography by Mrs Mary Somerville and Sir John Herschel (the lattewritten for the eighth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica) showed the effect produced in Great Britain by the stimulus of Humboldt's work.

Under the unnatural stimulus of these extra ordinary events, every branch of industry extended with unexampled rapidity.

The former was the driving force which made the First Crusade successful, where later Crusades, without its stimulus, for the most part failed; the latter was the one staunch ally which alone enabled Baldwin I.

In 1858, under the stimulus of Henry C. Brockmeyer, Harris became interested in modern German philosophy in general, and in particular in Hegel, whose works a small group, gathering about Harris and Brockmeyer, began to study in 1859.

The increasing temperature raises the rate of animal metabolism, while the higher alkalinity is a stimulus to cell-division.

Response Of Tissues To Stimulation A stimulus may be defined as every change of the external agencies acting upon an organism; and if a stimulus come in contact with a body possessing the property of irritability, i.e.

The theoretical differences between this and the" stimulus "theory need not be expounded.

AdaptationThe morphological and physiological differentiation of the plant-body has, so far, been attributed to (I) the nature of the organism, that is to its inherent tendency towards higher organization, and (2) to the indefinite results of the external conditions acting as a stimulus which excites the organism to variation, but does not direct the course of variation.

The worship of Mary, largely developed during the reign of Pius IX., received further stimulus from Leo; nor did he do anything during his pontificate to correct the superstitions connected with popular beliefs concerning relics and indulgences.

The cells of the tip at any given moment may be sensitive, but in a few days the power of receiving the stimulus has passed to other and younger cells which then constitute the tip. The power of appreciating the environment is therefore to be associated with the protoplasm only at a particular stage of its development and is transitory in its character.

This gave a stimulus to the trade in imported hay, which rose from 61,237 tons in 1892 to 263,050 tons in 1893, and despite some large home-grown crops in certain subsequent years (1897 and 1898) this expansion has never since been wholly lost.

Reference to the articles on Logic, Metaphysics, &c., will show that subsequent criticism, however much it has owed by way of stimulus to Mill's strenuous rationalism, has been able to point to much that is inconsistent, inadequate and even superficial in his writings.

Unfortunately, from the tenable theory that the intensity of a sensation increases by definite additions of stimulus, Fechner was led on to postulate a unit of sensation, so that any sensation s might be regarded as composed of n units.

It is reasonable, therefore, to conclude that ornament is a stimulus to sexual selection, and this conclusion is enforced by the fact that among many comparatively nude peoples clothing is assumed at certain dances which have as their confessed object the excitation of the passions of the opposite sex.

Their pneumonic nature has been amply substantiated in later times; they are now regarded simply as evidence of pneumonic reaction to the stimulus of the tubercle bacillus.

A stimulus may act on all sides and induce a general effect without direction of movement, but in the production of movement in a definite direction the stimulus must be applied unilaterally.

Nowhere was the call responded to with greater zeal than in the Netherlands, and nowhere had the spirit of adventure and the stimulus to enterprise, which was one of the chief fruits of the crusades, more permanent effects for good.

It has been shown that if the organ containing them is shaken for some time, so that the contact between them and the protoplasm of the cells is emphasized, the stimulus becomes more efficient in producing movement.

He was no follower of their ideas, indeed often opposed to them; but he derived from Bacon an increasing stimulus towards the investigation of certain great problems of history and philosophy, while Grotius proved valuable in his study of philosophic jurisprudence.

The balance of these tendencies has been against the attachment of great importance to sexual selection, and in favour of attaching a great importance to natural selection; but the dominant feature in the recent history of the theory has been its universal acceptance and the recognition that this general acceptance has come from the stimulus given by Darwin.

The stimulus of water on the breast may be regarded as a sensory presentation which is followed by a definite and adaptive application of behaviour.

Thus the government of the prince regent began its career in the new world with dangerous errors in the financial system; yet the increased activity which a multitude of new customers and the increase of circulating medium gave to the trade of Rio, added a new stimulus to the industry of the whole nation.

Something very similar was held by Brown, who taught that" indirect debility was to be cured by a lesser degree of the same stimulus as had caused the original disturbance.

Probably he found in his calmness of temperament, even in his want of imagination, a sense of rest and of exemption from the disturbing influences of life; while in his physical philosophy he found both an answer to the questions which perplexed him and an inexhaustible stimulus to his intellectual curiosity.