Radiation Sentence Examples

They got a dose of radiation poisoning.

We've gotta treat as many people as we can who are suffering from radiation poisoning.

The radiation treatments we found in the feds' storage facility worked.

At sunrise, the shortwave radiation from the Sun begins to heat the ground.

The object of all heating apparatus is the transference of heat from the fire to the various parts of the building it is intended to warm, and this transfer may be effected by radiation, by conduction or by convection.

Even so, you want to be wary of the spread of radiation in the aquifers.

The crucible was surrounded with a bad conductor of heat to minimize loss by radiation.

In the course of time the centres of radiation of all these groups had imposed upon them ornate rose dei venti, or windroses, such as may still be seen upon our compass-cards.

Ultraviolet radiation can damage both your eyes and skin; in fact, prolonged exposure to bright sunlight can cause extensive damage to the corneas and conjunctivas of the eyes.

She'd traveled nonstop, sticking to narrow country roads and the forest to avoid both people and zones marked as having any sort of radiation fallout from the nuke strikes.

The most fundamental experimental confirmation that the theory of the aether has received on the optical side in recent years has been the verification of Maxwell's proposition that radiation exerts mechanical force on a material system, on which it falls, which may be represented in all cases as the resultant of pressures operating along the rays, and of intensity equal at each point of free space to the density of radiant energy.

Of other papers in which he dealt with this and kindred branches of physics may be mentioned "Observations with a Rigid Spectroscope," "Heating of a Disc by Rapid Motion in Vacuo," "Thermal Equilibrium in an Enclosure Containing Matter in Visible Motion," and "Internal Radiation in Uniaxal Crystals."

When we are trying to bring radiation into connexion with temperature, we must therefore take a sufficiently large group of molecules and compare their average energies with the average radiation.

The surface of the calorimeter and the enclosure should be permanently blackened so as to increase the loss of heat by radiation as much as possible, as compared with the losses by convection and conduction, which are less regular.

If the vacuum jacket is silvered inside, radiation also is reduced to such an extent that, if the vacuum is really good, the external ice bath may be dispensed with for the majority of purposes.

The solar radiation on this planet is nearly insensible.

There are also other relevant links about such topics as nuclear reactors, natural nuclear reactors and background radiation.

The question arises whether in a vacuum discharge, in which only a comparatively small proportion of the molecules are affected, we are to take the average radiation of the affected portion or include the whole lot of molecules, which at any moment are not concerned in the discharge at all.

As there is undoubtedly a connexion between thermal motion and radiation, the energy of these electrons within the atom must be supposed to increase with temperature.

This is consistent with Kirchhoff's law and shows that the sodium in a flame possesses the same relative radiation and absorption as sodium vapour heated thermally to the temperature of the flames.

With a guess at the specific heat we might then calculate the maximum temperature to which the substance might be raised, if there were no loss by radiation or otherwise.

Generally speaking, the radiation is not simple.

The conductivity probably changes with temperature in the same way, being proportional to the product of the viscosity and the specific heat; but the experimental investigation presents difficulties on account of the necessity of eliminating the effects of radiation and convection, and the results of different observers often differ considerably from theory and from each other.

Special Observations Were Made To Determine The Corrections For The Heat Supplied By Stirring, And That Lost By Radiation, Each Of Which Amounted To About To% Of The Heatsupply.

Note, no sensing of UV or of ionizing radiation.

The UV index is a way of indicating how strong the sun's harmful rays (radiation) are at various times of the day.

This is a great bonus in addition to keeping the eyes safe from the ultra violet radiation.

Other sources of ultraviolet radiation come from black-lights, fluorescent lamps, arc lamps (unfiltered) that utilize various elements such as mercury or xenon, and tungsten-halogen incandescent lamps.

Photochromic Lenses protect the eyes from glare and UV radiation as well as bright sunlight.

Generally the preferred choice of athletes, polycarbonate lenses protect from UV radiation; moreover, these lenses are such a stalwart defense that they can protect the eyes from physical injuries during sports.

His definitely expressed view was that psychical activity is " nothing but a radiation through the cells of the grey substance of the brain of a motion set up by external stimuli."

Increased direct effect of solar radiation compensates for the cold of the nights, and in the few spots where plants have been found in flower up to a height of 12,000 ft., nothing has indicated that the processes of vegetation were arrested by the severe cold which they must sometimes endure.

Any contrivance that serves to interrupt radiation, though it may not keep the temperature much above freezing, will be found sufficient.

In the Bessemer process, and indeed in most high-temperature processes, to operate on a large scale has, in addition to the usual economies which it offers in other industries, a special one, arising from the fact that from a large hot furnace or hot mass in general a very much smaller proportion of its heat dissipates through radiation and like causes than from a smaller body, just as a thin red-hot wire cools in the air much faster than a thick bar equally hot.

Becquerel's observation in 1896 that certain uranium preparations emitted a radiation resembling the X rays observed by Rntgen in 1895.

It also includes diffusion of heat by internal radiation, which must occur in transparent substances.

In measuring conduction of heat in fluids, it is possible to some extent to eliminate the effects of molar convection or mixing, but it would not be possible to distinguish between diffusion, or internal radiation, and conduction.

Weber's hypothesis of electric atoms, capable of diffusing through metallic bodies and conductors of electricity, but capable of vibration only in non-conductors, it is possible that the ultimate mechanism of conduction may be reduced in all cases to that of diffusion in metallic bodies or internal radiation in dielectrics.

The equation of the method is the same as that for the linear flow with the addition of a small term representing the radiation loss.

When covered pans are used, the loss of heat by radiation is less, and the salt made is also cleaner.

The line of permanent snow is much higher on the plateau side in both ranges, the precipitation being greater on the outer sides - those facing the forested lowlands - and the terrestrial radiation being greater from the barren surfaces of the plateau.

The relative humidity of the air along the shores of the Gulf is high, so that exposure to the direct and reflected rays of the sun and radiation from the hot soil are encountered in a moist atmosphere.

In the second zone the climate is more temperate and there is considerable variation in temperature owing to nocturnal radiation.

In any case, it is desirable to diminish the loss of heat as much as possible by polishing the exterior of the calorimeter to diminish radiation, and by suspending it by non-conducting supports, inside a polished case, to protect it from draughts.

As the method is usually practised, the calorimeter is made very small, and the surface is highly polished to diminish radiation.

If Hdo Is The Radiation Loss In Watts We Have The Equation, Ec=Jsqdo Hdo.

It was shown by Homer Lane that a mass of gas held in equilibrium by the mutual gravitation of its parts actually grows hotter through radiating heat; the heat gained by the resulting contraction more than counterbalances that lost by radiation.

C. Rntgen of Munich made in 1896 his remarkable discovery of the so-called X or Rntgen rays, a class of radiation produced by the impact of the cathode particles against an impervious metallic screen or anticathode placed in the vacuum tube.

These yielded a remarkable extension of Pierre Provost's "Law of Exchanges," and enabled him to establish the fact that radiation is not a surface phenomenon, but takes place throughout the interior of the radiating body, and that the radiative and absorptive powers of a substance must be equal, not only for the radiation as a whole, but also for every constituent of it.

When a patient is covered with several blankets, loss of heat from the surface both by radiation and evaporation is to a great extent prevented, but if a cradle be placed over him, so as to raise the bedclothes and allow of free circulation of air around his body, both radiation and evaporation will be increased and the temperature consequently lowered.

When none of the radiations which fall on a body penetrates through its substance, then the ratio of the amount of radiation of a given wave-length which is absorbed to the total amount received is called the "absorptive power" of the body for that wave-length.

Thus if the body absorbed half the incident radiation its absorptive power would be 2, and if it absorbed all the incident radiation its absorptive power would be r.

The fraction of the incident radiation which is not absorbed by a body gives a measure of its reflecting power, with which we are not here concerned.

On the other hand, those substances which either are good reflectors or good transmitters, are not so luminous at the same temperature; for instance, melted silver, which reflects well, is not so luminous as carbon at the same temperature, and common salt, which is very transparent for most kinds of radiation, when poured in a fused condition out of a bright red-hot crucible, looks almost like water, showing only a faint red glow for a moment or two.

This fact may be expressed by saying that the radiation within a heated enclosure is the same as that of a perfectly black body.

Its temperature must be dominated directly or indirectly by the surface radiation, and since the matter is gaseous and so open to redistribution, the same is true of density and pressure.

Stefan's law of radiation according to the fourth power of the temperature is too difficult to pursue, but if we are content with cognate results we can follow them out mathematically in a hypothetical law of the first power.

By this interchange the inner parts would be opened out and the total radiation raised.

Since the only cause for these convection currents is the statical instability produced by radiation, and the rapid stifling of radiations within the body produces there a temperature gradient falling very slowly, they would be for the most part extremely slight.

The latter is considered below; " The Black .,, it is i nd i cat i ve of the chemical elements from which the lines can proceed, and its state at the time of emission; the former is indicative only of the rate of loss of energy from the sun by radiation, and is inwoven with a remarkable group of physical theory and experiment, known as the theory of the black body, or as black radiation.

The space within is filled with radiations corresponding to this temperature, and these attain a certain equilibrium which permits the energy of radiation to be spoken of as a whole, as a scalar quantity, without express reference to the propagation or interference of the waves of which it is composed.

It will be seen that the maximum ordinates lie upon the curve A9 = constant dotted in the figure, and so, as the temperature of the ideal body rises, the wave-length of most intense radiation shifts from the infra-red X towards the luminous part of the spectrum.

When we speak of the sun's radiation as a whole, it is assumed that it is of the character of the radiations from an ideal radiator at an appropriate temperature.

The theory refers to radiation homogeneous at all points within a single closed boundary maintained at uniform temperature; in the actual case we have a double boundary, one the sun's surface, and the other infinitely remote, or say, non-existent, and at zero temperature; and it is assumed that the density of radiation in the free space varies inversely as the squares of the distance from the sun.

The fact is that radiation is not a superficial phenomenon but a molar one, and Stefan's law, exact though it be, is not an ultimate theory but only a convenient halting-place, and the radiations of two bodies can only be compared by it when their surfaces are similar in a specific way.

It seems possible that n is not a large number, and if we take x equal, say, to 200, we come to the most recent estimate - the astronomical - of the date of the earth's glacial epoch, when the sun's radiation was certainly not much more than it is now, while this factor would differ materially from unity.

In consequence of the radiation of heat the whole body will be more condensed than before, but whether it is hotter or colder than before will depend on whether the contraction set up is more or less than enough to restore an exact balance.

The movement towards contraction and consequent rise of temperature which radiation sets up, like other motions, overruns the equilibriumpoint, only however by a minute amount; the accumulated excesses from all past time now stored in the sun would maintain its radiations at their present rate for nX3000 years, that is, for a few thousand years only.

If we suppose the sun's mass once existed in a state of extreme diffusion, the energy yielded by collecting it into its present compass would not suffice to maintain its present rate of radiation for more than 17,000,000 years in the past; nor if its mean density were ultimately to rise to eight times its present amount, for more than the same period in the future.

If the sources of energy within the atom can be drawn upon, and the phenomena of radio-activity leave no doubt about this, there is here an incalculable source of heat which takes the cogency out of any other calculation respecting the sources maintaining the sun's radiation.

A waterlogged soil is impenetrable by air, and owing to the continuous process of evaporation and radiation, its temperature is much below that of drained soil.

There is another point of view from which mammals are of especial importance in regard to geographical distribution, namely their comparatively late rise and dispersal, or " radiation," as compared with reptiles.

If eastern Central Asia were tentatively given as the centre of radiation of the group, this might perhaps best accord with the nature of the case.

According to Tyndall, 9 0% of the radiation from the electric arc is non-luminous.

The arc being struck in the usual way between two carbons, a concave mirror, placed close behind it, caused a large part of the radiation to be directed through an aperture in the camera and concentrated to a focus outside.

Since the rays used by Tyndall in these experiments are similar to those emitted by a heated body which is not hot enough to be luminous, it might be thought that the radiation, say from a hot kettle, could be concentrated to a focus and employed to render a small body luminous.

It would, however, be impossible by such means to raise the receiving body to a higher temperature than the source of radiation.

Very, applied it to determine the moon's radiation at the Allegheny observatory.

When Langley published his work the law of radiation as a function of the temperature was not yet established.

Stefan's law of radiation, on the other hand, shows that the temperature must have been about the boilingpoint in order that the observed amount of heat might be radiated.

This is in fair agreement with the computed temperature due to the sun's radiation upon a perpendicular absorbing surface when no temperature is lost through conduction to the interior.

The agreement thus brought about between the results deduced from the law of radiation and the most delicate observa tions of the quantity of heat radiated is of great interest, as showing that the theory of cosmicai temperature now rests upon a sound basis.

The recent discoveries growing out of the investigation of newly discovered forms of radiation lead to the conclusion that the question of the forms of matter in the stars has far wider range than the simple question whether any given element is or is not found outside our earth.

With a modification to be mentioned presently, we may regard them as intensely hot bodies, probably at a temperature higher than any we can produce by artificial means, of which the superficial portions have cooled off by radiation into space.

This subject is treated in the article Magneto-Optics, to which the reader is also referred for John Kerr's discovery of the effect on polarization produced by reflection from a magnetic pole, and for the action of a magnetic field on the radiation of a source - the "Zeeman effect."

He also determined the effect of change of temperature distribution on the rate of generation of heat by the current; and on the external loss of heat by radiation, convection and conduction.

Historically the unit was the rad derived from " radiation absorbed dose " .

Also the metal spacecraft protected the astronauts from most of the radiation.

It is also attenuated by dust, smoke, cloud or any medium which obscures radiation at that wavelength.

One sees the imprint of these primordial fluctuations as small temperature perturbations in the cosmic microwave background radiation.

This " horizon problem " makes it difficult to account for the uniformity of the cosmic background radiation.

Study of the uncertainty in estimation of the exposure of non-human biota to ionizing radiation.

This is called magnetic bremsstrahlung or synchrotron radiation (after radiation observed from particle accelerators by that name ).

But the industry has the potential for accidental radiation releases and produces radioactive byproducts that require safe storage for decades.

In normal cellphone use such glycoproteins diffuse laterally back again on cessation of the field or radiation.

One possibility is to assume isotropic sky conditions at all times and so simplify computation since diffuse radiation is then independent of direction.

Greater ionizing radiation from the Sun during those times also tends to produce more nuclei in the atmosphere for cloud condensation.

Phycobilisomes appear to have been very advantageous to early cyanobacteria, evolving in shallow marine environments protected from UV radiation.

Radioactivity The phenomenon whereby atoms undergo spontaneous random disintegration, usually accompanied by the emission of radiation.

A person can receive a greater radiation dose on a plane flight to Spain then from an x-ray of the wrist or shoulder.

This photograph shows an irradiator that is used at NPL to calibrate dosimeters for use in the radiation processing industry.

Selection of the Trigger Point box brings up anatomical drawings showing the TP and pattern of pain radiation for a range of muscles.

At the end of this process the remnant star will cease to emit radiation and will become a ' black dwarf ' .

Radiation therapy is successful in relieving dysphagia in approximately 50% of patients.

We know from classical electrodynamics that an accelerated charge emits radiation.

The radiation emitted from a cluster comes from a very small fraction of the mass present.

Radioactivity The property of radionuclides of spontaneously emitting ionizing radiation.

The buntings exemplify local adaptive radiation, but may be hybridizing which could eventually produce a new species endemic to the island.

The diagnosis of chronic radiation enteritis may be difficult to make.

When in hydrostatic equilibrium and gravitational energy is its source of heat and radiation, it is called a pre-main sequence star.

This makes up 50% of our total radiation exposure from all sources.

His article is popular and he's for real but please, avoid radiation fallout affected food and water.

All this caused by ionizing radiation fallout from the nuclear weapons.

Personnel working with radar, X-ray equipment or near other sources of radiation wear radiation dosage film badges that detect their level of radiation.

If a molecule which absorbs UV radiation does not fluoresce it means that it must have lost its energy some other way.

Radiation Shielding (6 lectures) g (6 lectures) g -ray and neutron shielding calculations; g -ray attenuation and build-up factors.

Ionizing radiation means gamma rays, x-rays etc., which directly or indirectly are capable of producing ions (charged particles ).

Gamma Ray Astronomy Primary cosmic gamma ray Astronomy Primary cosmic gamma rays (300 GeV) are studied using the atmospheric Cerenkov radiation technique.

In 1978 Durney et al., had compiled a Dosimetry handbook for radiofrequency radiation (Durney et al., 1978 ).

Unexpectedly, the radiation hardness has been found to be worse than silicon under charged hadron irradiation.

This absorption would in part produce hot spots from near field radiation.

More infrared radiation reaches the detector resulting in crisp infrared radiation reaches the detector resulting in crisp infrared images.

Urea is the main form in which nitrogen is excreted in mammals UV radiation invisible rays that are part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

A standard dipole radiation pattern is not isotropic - it looks bit like a donut with the antenna in place of the hole.

And how many were killed in the radiation leak?

In order to deliver the radiation to the patient we use devices called medical linear accelerators, or " linacs " .

These results have quite important meaning in the survey of genomic locus which is responsible for radiation hypersensitivity.

Investigation of the effects of ionizing radiation on the physical properties of extracellular matrix macromolecules.

Although there are huge benefits from regular mammography, there is an extremely small radiation risk associated with the examination.

In fact, Eberlein says, sonoluminescence may represent the first observable manifestation of quantum vacuum radiation.

After treatment with both radiation to the head and neck and intrathecal methotrexate the patient achieved complete symptom resolution.

We carefully follow the current national guidelines for dental radiography and use modern, low radiation dose dental x-ray machines.

For instance, chemicals in tobacco include mutagens, and several types of ionizing radiation have mutagenic effects.

In its simplest form, seeds are exposed to radiation or chemical mutagens to cause random unpredictable genetic changes in crops.

There is the risk of radiation necrosis of the skin.

Ozone is a gas that prevents much noxious UV radiation from reaching the Earth's surface.

Sun's energy is produced by nuclear fusion, which gives off electromagnetic radiation.

Searches for elements with specific radiation energies or for specific nuclides are allowed.

Reviewed by Alastair J Munro, professor of radiation oncology What is stomach cancer?

He had manifested a gradual onset of upper back pain with radiation to the left chest wall for 3 months.

Then the strong interacting particles experience additional radiation of soft or collinear partons described by means of the parton shower.

Students should have an interest in experimental semiconductor physics and/or radiation physics, and in the application of radiation detectors to medical imaging.

Patients who have received bleomycin are also at greater risk of radiation pneumonitis.

Certain paints such as unsaturated polyester can be cured using radiation.

This is comparatively puny slice, the potential for harm from radiation increases with frequency.

In addition, CT exposes you to more ionizing radiation than do regular X-rays.

Various body tissues absorb the radiation at different rates, causing various shadows to appear on the plate.

X-ray - pictures of the bones taken using electromagnetic radiation.

Destruction of the ozone layer results in an increase in the amount of harmful ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface.

Green house gases absorb energy from the diffused solar radiation, which cause them to warm up.

More infrared radiation reaches the detector resulting in crisp infrared images.

Be able to describe the use of infra-red radiation in night photography.

Much higher levels of direct investment by industry to synchrotron radiation sources are reported in the US.

This chaotic motion may be caused by the powerful ultraviolet radiation from the luminous, massive stars.

The Ozone layer which protects us from harmful gamma radiation has recently disappeared over the tip of South Africa.

Know that ultra-violet radiation is produced in fluorescent lights.

Trying to get info on health effects from microwave radiation.

Similarly, more longwave radiation is emitted to space in the tropics than at high latitudes.

This radiation reactance needs to be tuned out, to get power transfer from the generator to the radiated field.

The polymer grid stays intact longer than a jute scrim shaded from ultra-violet radiation by vegetation to reinforce the root matrix of the turf.

What is the largest wavelength of radiation that will be diffracted by a lattice plane of the interplanar spacing d?

It absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation, which heats the stratosphere.

Above the middle stratosphere the absorption of solar ultraviolet radiation by oxygen also becomes important.

Late sequelae include strictures, chronic radiation enteritis, malabsorption, or gastrointestinal obstruction.

Some areas of specialized knowledge such as water chemistry or radiation protection can be vital.

We've only just begun looking for X-ray synchrotron radiation.

These experiments are performed at several 3 rd generation synchrotron radiation sources throughout Europe.

There are also UK requirements for a low energy synchrotron radiation source.

Harford, J.J. & Squire, J.M. (1997) Time-resolved diffraction studies of muscle using synchrotron radiation.

Other scientists have discovered why patients who undergo radiation therapy for brain, head or neck cancer suffer from some mental decline.

External or internal radiation therapy can often cause damage to the salivary glands, leading to a permanently dry mouth.

This will directly benefit users of radiation thermometry resulting in tighter process control with the associated environmental benefits.

It also strips some material away from Io which forms a torus of intense radiation around Jupiter.

This material becomes ionized in the magnetic field and forms a doughnut-shaped cloud of intense radiation referred to as a plasma torus.

There is the further problem that radiation emitted is not a good tracer of mass, which is what we are most interested in.

Water vapor in the upper troposphere has a very large impact on the radiation balance.

Stratospheric ozone acts as a shield by absorbing potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation which would otherwise reach the earth's surface.

Sunlight consists of electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths from 20 microns at the far infrared end to 200 nanometres at the far ultraviolet end.

Ozone is formed naturally in the upper stratosphere by short wavelength ultraviolet radiation.

This features CWOP (Citizen Weather) data upload and support for solar radiation (Sun) sensors.

This is to determine the role of ionizing radiation in the treatment of clinical posterior uveitis.

Polyester fibers exposed to UV radiation will be considerably weakened over time.

Exner attributes the double daily maximum, which is largely a consequence of the 12-hour wave, to a thin layer near the ground, which in the early afternoon absorbs the solar radiation of shortest wave length.

If the atmosphere at different heights is exposed to ionizing radiation of uniform intensity the rate of production of ions per cc., q, will vary as the pressure.

Special experiments were made to determine the work done against resistances outside the vessel of water, which amounted to about 006 of the whole, and corrections were made for the loss of heat by radiation, the buoyancy of the air affecting the descending weights, and the energy dissipated when the weights struck the floor with a finite velocity.

Bellini and Tosi, who have devised instruments, called radiogonimeters, for projecting radiation in required directions and locating the azimuth of a transmitting station.

He was distinguished as the discoverer of radioactivity, having found in 1896 that uranium at ordinary temperatures emits an invisible radiation which in many respects resembles Röntgen rays, and can affect a photographic plate after passing through thin plates of metal.

These low temperatures are evidently caused by the radiation of heat from the snow-surface in the rarefied air in the interior.

The radiation passing out from an opening in the furnace falls upon a concave mirror in a telescope and is focused upon a thermoelectric couple.

In ordinary reverberatory and other heating furnaces the burning fuel is without the mass, so that the vessel containing the charge, and other parts of the plant, are raised to a higher temperature than would otherwise be necessary, in order to compensate for losses by radiation, convection and conduction.

If heat passes " of itself " from a higher to a lower temperature by conduction, convection or radiation, the transfer cannot be reversed without an expenditure of work.

The temperature of a gas is measured by the mean energy of translation of its molecules, which are independent of each other except during the brief intervals of collision; and collision of the separate molecules with the blackened surface of a vane, warmed by the radiation, imparts heat to them, so that they rebound from it with greater velocity than they approached.

Great irregular variations in radiation and convection sometimes produce a remarkably abrupt change of temperature at a certain depth in calm water; the layer in which this sudden change occurs has been termed the Sprungschicht.

Towards the end of summer the upper layers have been warmed to a depth which indicates how far the influence of solar radiation and convection have reached.

Hagen that for dark heat rays of only about ten times the wave-length of luminous radiation, the properties of metals are determined by their electric resistance alone, which then masks all resonance due to periods of free vibration of the molecules; and, moreover, that the resistance for such alternations is practically the same as the ohmic resistance for ordinary steady currents.

Becquerel's observation in 1896 that certain uranium preparations emitted a radiation resembling the X rays observed by Röntgen in 1895.

The heat generated by the current C at a point x where the temperature-excess is 0 is equal per unit length and time (t) to that lost by conduction -d(gkdo/dx)/dx, and by radiation hpo (emissivity h, perimeter p), together with that employed in raising the temperature gcdo/dt, and absorbed by the Thomson effect sCdo/dx.

C. Röntgen of Munich made in 1896 his remarkable discovery of the so-called X or Röntgen rays, a class of radiation produced by the impact of the cathode particles against an impervious metallic screen or anticathode placed in the vacuum tube.

If we are dealing with comparatively recent periods there is no evidence of progressive change, but if we go to remote epochs and suppose the sun to have once been diffused in a nebulous state, it is clear that its shrinkage, in spite of radiation, has left it hotter, so that the shrinkage has outrun what would suffice to maintain its radiation.

Sunscreens for plants protects them from ultraviolet and infrared radiation.

Finding the powerful quasars responsible for the X-ray background radiation.

Destruction of the ozone layer results in an increase in the amount of harmful ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth 's surface.

Cosmic radiation also keeps us alive - thanks to all those photons which make it through from the sun.

X-ray radiation can be generated using radioisotope sources or X-ray tubes.

The primary goal of the Experimental Radiation Therapeutics Group is the preclinical and early clinical development of radiopharmaceutical agents for the treatment of cancer.

This has consequences for the radiation dose rate to the skin from radon decay products which is much higher outdoors compared with indoors.

The entire process takes place inside a heavy shielded reactor compartment that completely protects the crew from radiation.

The radiation was isotropic and it corresponded to a temperature that was consistent with red-shifted radiation from the Big Bang.

Low density material allows greater radiation to reach the scintillation detector.

The electron wave is created by exciting a core hole electron with synchrotron radiation or x-rays.

We 've only just begun looking for X-ray synchrotron radiation.

Strong deliberate efforts must be made to ease the utilization of the national synchrotron radiation facilities for industrial research (17).

It covers radiation detection, cadmium zinc telluride detectors and X-ray fluorescence.

To generate and detect terahertz radiation using tabletop sources, complementing 4GLS work at Daresbury.

These considerations do not mean the radiation arrow reduces in any sense to the thermodynamic arrow.

For example, radiation dose from modern computed tomography scanners may be in excess of that produced by older models.

This technique uses the properties of synchrotron radiation, i.e. linearly polarized and tunable radiation.

Turnstile antennas are commonly used as transmitting antennas when horizontal polarization is required together with omnidirectional radiation.

In this Center, ultrashort pulse lasers are used to manipulate atoms and molecules and to generate non-classical radiation using non-linear optical processes.

Stratospheric ozone acts as a shield by absorbing potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation which would otherwise reach the earth 's surface.

An increased risk of skin cancer in psoriatic patients treated with a combination of coal tar and UVB radiation has been reported.

He also has a vagus nerve stimulator implant that he thought might be affected by any radiation from a computer.

Ultra violet radiation A small part of the radiation from the sun which can cause skin cancer.

By tracing how the wavelength of the radiation varies we can measure the velocity of the Hydrogen, using the Doppler shift.

Unless it is exposed to longer wavelength ultraviolet radiation it seems to have little action.

Resources such as solar radiation, hydroelectricity, wind and the tides are all easily replenished resources.

They are basically large, flat devices that collect solar radiation and convert that energy to electrical energy.

The problem with these early cells was that they could only convert a certain "band" or wavelength of solar radiation.

Levels of natural solar radiation vary, and with that variation the level of power produced by photovoltaic cells also varies.

Since solar radiation is unlimited in space, these inefficient solar cells were more than enough to power satellite electrical systems.

Although this blocking action might appear to reduce solar radiation, the opposite is true.

These patches give off greater than normal radiation, and they are more powerful than the darker, cooler patches.

Most man-made causes of global warming result from an increase in greenhouse gases, which are gases that trap or absorb infrared radiation emitted from the planet.

Greenhouse gases are those that absorb and emit infrared radiation, significantly affecting the planet's temperature.

For passive design, this involves the natural methods of conduction, convention and radiation, which you may recall from science class.

In certain areas, the chemicals create holes that allow ultraviolet rays to make it through the atmosphere to the Earth where the radiation causes damage to plants and wildlife and increases the risk of skin cancer in humans.

While efforts are made to contain the radiation produced during the fission process, and containment systems are in place to help prevent leaks and contamination, nuclear energy does have its drawbacks.

Cracks in the cement, failure of the pipe system, which brings in clean water and other systems failures can lead to dangerous amounts of radiation being leaked into nearby communities.

Since uranium is an unstable element, this leaves a great deal of room for error, radiation leaks and risks fission happening too soon, where it cannot be contained.

This can be dangerous, since the waste products can be unstable, produce radiation if not properly sealed and pose a threat from terrorists that may wish to convert this waste into weaponry.

The use of direct solar power requires only one step, called electromagnetic radiation, in order to convert solar energy into useable power.

Northern states and New England do not receive the same amount of daily solar radiation.

By using a method called photovoltaics, researchers found they can generate electrical power by funneling the sun through a specific medium like copper or silicon to harness the energy from solar radiation.

However, the benefits are known to outweigh the risks for people who live in areas that garner at least the national average of solar radiation per year.

He says doctors gave him the option of radiation (chemo), but thought having it removed would be the better choice.

She underwent a lumpectomy and radiation treatment.

She followed the surgery with radiation therapy and was soon declared cancer free.

This new heating device uses electromagnetic radiation to heat the human body from the inside out, similar to how warmth is received from the sun.

Although it is not common, radiation is sometimes used to deepen the pink color of Kunzite gemstones.

Some practitioners use citrine to counter the effects of radiation exposure and aid digestion in the absorption of minerals and antioxidants.

The USDA defines organic as "food produced without using synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, bioengineering and radiation."

Irradiated food is exposed to radiation, either through gamma rays, x-rays or electron beams, in an effort to kill microorganisms that can cause it to rot.

Another problem with irradiation is that it is still up for debate whether traces of radiation remain in the food after it is treated.

In addition, these foods cannot be made with prohibited methods such as ionizing radiation.

The problem is that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays cause a form of radiation which alters the cellular integrity of skin cells.

The sun's rays emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which damages the outer layer of the skin.

To combat the effects of UV radiation, a sunscreen product with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 30 or higher should be applied 15 or 20 minutes before venturing outside.

In fact, according to Johnson and Johnson, the makers of the contacts, the pair will block anywhere from 82 percent of UVA radiation and up to 97 perfect of UVB radiation.

This type of radiation contributes to premature aging, wrinkling and has recently been linked to skin cancer.

While such a reflective coating will not block UV radiation (that's what UV coating is for), it will protect your eyes from the strain of dealing with high-glare, or very bright light conditions.

When treated with a UV resistant coating, glass and plastic (CR-39) lenses are all capable of blocking UV radiation.

Now that the damage of UV radiation is so well documented in the scientific community, it also stands to reason that we must protect the delicate eyes and skin of both babies and children.

This sporty style can be worn for work or play with a 99.9 percent UVA/UVB (Ultraviolet A and B forms of radiation) protection.

The Grand Canyon is an amazing natural wonder - however, in the summer it is a giant bowl that collects solar radiation from the sun, catapulting temperatures to well over 105 degrees Fahrenheit.

Motorola VE465 is a rugged flip phone with an external display, multimedia controls, 1.3 megapixel camera, and military reistance to dust, vibration, solar radiation and altitude.

For example, the radiation emitted from a microwave may affect your mobile phone reception.

Additionally, the editors test the batteries and give you the results of the FCC radiation tests.

Given the widespread fear of cell phone radiation causing a range of health problems, it's understandable that many consumers were concerned over this recall.

Radiation is believed to cause 1 to 2 percent of all cancer deaths.

Other sources of radiation are x-rays, radon gas, and ionizing radiation from nuclear material.

Surgery may be performed in conjunction with radiation (cytoreductive surgery) or chemotherapy.

Radiation kills tumor cells and is used alone when a tumor is in a poor location for surgery.

Radiation can be either external or internal.

External radiation is aimed at the tumor from outside the body.

In internal radiation (brachytherapy), radioactive liquid or pellets are delivered to the cancerous site via a pill, injection, or insertion in a sealed container.

Chemotherapeutic drugs are given orally or intravenously, either alone or in conjunction with surgery, radiation, or both.

When chemotherapy is used before surgery or radiation, it is known as primary chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy may also make the body less tolerant of the side effects of other treatments such as radiation therapy.

Sometimes drugs or radiation needed to destroy cancer cells also destroys bone marrow and only replacement with healthy cells counteracts this adverse effect.

The oncologist is a physician who specializes in cancer care and usually coordinates the treatment plan, directing chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and any treatment that does not involve radiation or surgery.

The radiation oncologist uses radiation to treat cancer, while the surgical oncologist performs surgery to diagnose or treat cancer.

A range of alternative treatments are available to help treat cancer that can be used in conjunction with, or separate from, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

Homeopathy and herbal remedies used in Chinese traditional herbal medicine also have been shown to alleviate some of the side effects of radiation and chemotherapy and are being recommended by many doctors.

Radiation therapy-A cancer treatment that uses high-energy rays or particles to kill or weaken cancer cells.

Radiation may be delivered externally or internally via surgically implanted pellets.

Some brain tumors and tumors along the nerves, can be surgically removed or treated with chemotherapeutic drugs or x-ray treatments (radiation therapy).

Exposure to ionizing radiation and to certain organic chemicals, such as benzene, is believed to increase the risk of developing leukemia.

Radiation therapy, which involves the use of x-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors, may be used in some cases.

For acute leukemias, the source of radiation is usually outside the body (external radiation therapy).

If the leukemic cells have spread to the brain, radiation therapy can be given to the brain.

First, the patient's bone marrow is destroyed with very high doses of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

The marrow remaining in the patient's body is destroyed with high-dose chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

People who are at an increased risk for developing leukemia because of proven exposure to ionizing radiation or exposure to the toxic liquid benzene, and people with Down syndrome, should undergo periodic medical checkups.

Treatment is usually a combination of surgery, medications used to kill cancer cells (chemotherapy), and x rays or other high-energy rays used to kill cancer cells (radiation therapy).

It has long been known that Wilms' tumors respond to radiation therapy.

Stage I involves favorable Wilms' tumor cells and is usually treated successfully with combination chemotherapy involving dactinomycin and vincristine and without abdominal radiation therapy.

Stage III tumors with favorable histology are usually treated with a combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin, dactinomycin, and vincristine along with radiation therapy to the abdomen.

These patients usually receive abdominal radiation therapy and lung radiation therapy if the tumor has spread to the lungs.

These patients also receive lung radiation therapy if the tumor has spread to the lungs.

All of these patients receive abdominal radiation therapy and lung radiation therapy if the tumor has spread to the lungs.

Radiation therapy is rarely used, and special drugs may be prescribed for skin symptoms.

Subsequently, birth defects as a result of exposure to Agent Orange, the U.S. defoliant used in Vietnam, and radiation exposure near the site of the Chernobyl disaster in Russia have left numerous children with malformed or absent limbs.

However, if a doctor suspects that the fetus is at risk for developing a limb deficiency (for example, if the mother has been exposed to radiation), a more detailed ultrasound examination may be performed.

Ultraviolet radiation such as that which occurs with a welder's flash or use of a sunlamp, can also cause an abrasion, as well as misuse and mishandling of contact lenses.

X rays are electromagnetic radiation that differentially penetrates structures within the body and creates images of these structures on photographic film or a fluorescent screen.

X rays are a form of radiation similar to light rays, except that they are more energetic than light rays and are invisible to the human eye.

Although many images are taken to produce a CT scan, the total dose of radiation the individual is exposed to is low.

Although unnecessary exposure to radiation should be avoided, the low levels of radiation one is exposed to during an x ray does not cause harm with a few exceptions.

There is an increased risk that a developing fetus will develop leukemia during childhood if exposed to x-ray radiation; pregnant or potentially pregnant women should avoid x rays.

Some parents are concerned about health consequences of their child's exposure to x-ray radiation.

However, doses of radiation received in most x rays are quite similar to the environmental (background) radiation one is exposed to simply by living on Earth.

Her exposure to industrial chemicals, solvents, and ionizing radiation (x ray) also increases the risk of having children with congenital heart defects.

Lomotil, another antidiarrheal medication, contains a synthetic opioid known as diphenoxylate; it is often recommended for treating cancer patients with diarrhea caused by radiation therapy.

A bone that has been broken or exposed to high doses of radiation used to treat other cancers is more likely than other bones to develop osteosarcoma.

Radiation therapy is used often to treat Ewing's sarcoma.

Postsurgical radiation and chemotherapy add years to their lives.

Nutritional supplements can build strength and help maintain it during and following chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.

Ultraviolet A is long-wave radiation generated by the sun that penetrates more deeply than UVB, causes wrinkling and leathering of the skin and damages connective tissue.