Planet Sentence Examples
Does human activity cause the planet to warm?
So the problem must be that we have stretched the planet past its ability to feed its inhabitants, right?
This per-person threshold actually exceeds the average income of three-quarters of the countries on the planet, including Mexico, Russia, and Brazil, and is about 20 percent higher than the average income of the entire planet.
Several members, including Qatwal, may be willing to aid you in regaining your planet after you've reached a peace treaty.
The Council wants nothing to do with them and views the presence of your father's betrayer and your people on the planet as a sign the Yirkin are willing to share your planet rather than take it over.
Why should I feel lonely? is not our planet in the Milky Way?
If no two people are alike on our planet, how could we be like anything from somewhere else?
In my dream … the aliens … took me … to a planet ruled by spiders!
Remember, we don't have a reason to suspect this guy's alibi; at least not any reason from the planet earth.
From what he'd gleaned from Kisolm and others during his imprisonment, she was new to the planet and their customs.
AdvertisementEven a prisoner on this planet was unwilling to associate with her!
We can't get any ship off planet.
You're going back to your planet.
If not for Romas, there would be no distant planet, spaceships, or tarantula-like cats!
She was going home, not staying on some dead planet with some hunky stranger!
AdvertisementThere were no advantages with Darkyn and she was the last person on the planet who would try to seduce anyone, especially a demon.
Every demon on this mortal planet is hunting Sasha.
His people were starving as the planet died, and soon, the Council would realize the planet produced no ore without its rightful ruler.
So I'm going to be stuck on a planet far away without a bus ticket home surrounded by spiders the size of basketballs and being bossed around by Neanderthal barbarians who forbid me to talk and lock me in the bathroom!
Our enemy figured out you're alive and on the planet.
AdvertisementIs everyone from your planet like you?
His planet needed him.
She owned every designer on the planet and made Carrie Bradshaw of Sex and the City look like an amateur.
The tiny victory felt good, almost as good as the knowledge that the sexy beast every woman on the planet drooled over wanted her.
The strange sound continued for several minutes, and she trembled, trying hard not to think of what happened if she made it unscathed to the planet's surface.
AdvertisementHis face was in her thoughts, and the idea of never seeing him again crushed her as surely as colliding with the planet would.
She'd thought the planet completely dead, but there was a bright patch of green grass beneath her and the pod.
She was expecting some sort of alien monster to inhabit the brutal planet.
I almost died a million times over, and if I didn't know how to enable the shields on the escape pod, I would have burned up in the atmosphere, and if that didn't kill me, then hitting the planet-- He held up a hand, planting it across her mouth when she refused to stop.
Crashing into the planet left the left side of her torso black and bruised.
She'd never thought he meant she'd literally help revive the planet.
You have no men on your planet.
I want to see what kind of planet produces women like you.
She paused and stared at him, unable to comprehend an entire planet that depended on her.
While I've never seen what lies within, legend says it's the key to the planet's survival.
The thought that they had no water on the planet itself had never occurred to her.
As long as you are nishani, the planet will heal.
It surged up through his feet to his head, making his whole body tingle as the planet welcomed back its king.
He hadn't set foot on the planet since being made the dhjan upon his father's death.
The feel of the planet's life force through his body was staggering, the sensation similar to what he felt the first time he'd met his nishani.
He'd dreaded his first steps on his planet, fearing it, too, would've lost faith in him.
The planet welcomed him home, reminded him that his own life-- and those of his people-- was tied to it.
It stunned him to feel the planet breathing, struggling back to life after hovering so long on the edge of death.
He'd waited too long for the Council to support him instead of returning to the planet that needed him.
His reinforcements would come too late; he had one choice to save his planet.
I want you to issue the evacuation order for the planet.
We'll need half a day to evacuate the planet.
Nishani had proven she could bring the planet back to life.
Long ago, his ancestors had rigged the planet to blow the mines and turn the atmosphere into a toxic mix no one would survive.
He spent a few hours setting up the explosive mechanisms and issuing new battle plans for the space war and ordered his ground troops to evacuate the planet.
He watched as Mansr expertly organized the evacuations and aligned the space battle to keep the Yirkins' attention off the ships fleeing the planet's surface for the nearest moon, Kiera.
I'm evacuating the planet.
I want my planet back, Jetr, and the Council has done nothing in all these sun-cycles but impede me.
The civilians were off the planet while his armies remained.
He set the timer for the explosions to start on the opposite side of the planet, startled when the first went off as soon as he gave the order.
He watched explosions wrack his planet until they rose high enough that the toxic dust storm he'd started marred the surface of the planet from view.
His planet was destroyed, yet all he could think about was her.
The momentary pause of the space battle quickly turned to chaos, and Mansr was struggling to outmaneuver the ships darting away from the planet.
He hadn't just destroyed any hope his planet had of recovering, he'd destroyed the woman he needed, too.
And I have to stay and help the planet.
Kisolm was killed on the planet surface, and Romas will now inherit the planet from his father, if there's anything left to inherit.
We've left the capital city for the other side of the planet.
She wondered how he'd destroyed his own planet, whether his sisters were still safe.
The Council believes he's destroyed one planet and is about to destroy a second.
This one will make reparations for the loss of your planet, Jetr said.
He took me to the planet I came from.
She thought of the image she'd seen so long ago when she met A'Ran, the vision of them walking together on the dead planet.
We will create a new beginning for our people and heal our planet together.
Belfair is on the planet Draghow now and those Draghonian men are something else!
She looked back and with a finger wave of two chubby digits and called, "Nighty-night. Time to visit the planet Draghow!"
I'll bet it's a collect call for Gladys Turnbull from the planet Draghow!
The look on Edith's face said she was off visiting the planet Zzz.
It was supposed to be the safest place on the planet.
The loss of him and all the other lives made her feel like the worst person on the planet.
We will remove them from the planet, the Watcher said.
He'd rid the planet of both.
He'll rid the planet of anything that comes from the immortal world to threaten us.
I'll destroy every Guardian on this planet if you don't bring me the answer I want.
There are Others and Watchers on the planet.
After all, he was the single most powerful immortal on the planet, and the oldest.
On what planet is that acceptable?
Both. Xander is the vilest creature on the planet.
That the lives of her cousins were nothing compared to the lives of the entire planet?
My brother is the only one on the planet who isn't instantly fried by their magic, which means you've got a bigger decision to make.
Two, there are two people on this planet who can get her back.
She was in danger she couldn't face alone; with the gem, she held the key to destroying the planet.
The Original Other can slaughter every last vamp on the planet.
The planets were shown to have visible disks, and to be attended by satellites whose distance and position angle relative to the planet it was desirable to measure.
The earth, or other planet, does not actually move round the sun; yet it is carried round the sun in the subtle matter of the great vortex, where it lies in equilibrium, - carried like the passenger in a boat, who may cross the sea and yet not rise from his berth.
Such a reduced and impoverished star is a planet; and the several planets of our solar system are the several vortices which from time to time have been swept up by the central sun-vortex.
They did not dedicate each day in turn to its astrological planet; and it is therefore precarious to assume that the Sabbath was in its origin what it is in the astrological week, the day sacred to Saturn, and that its observance is to be derived from an ancient Hebrew worship of that planet.4 The week, however, is found in various parts of the world in a form that has nothing to do with astrology or the seven planets, and with such a distribution as to make it pretty certain that it had no artificial origin, but suggested itself independently, and for natural reasons, to different races.
In the astral-theological system he is represented by the number 30, and the planet Venus as his daughter by the number 15.
The various grades of life on our planet are the natural consequences of certain physical processes involved in the gradual transformations of the earth.
It is the same thought which collected in the cosmic space the divided masses into spheres, and combined these to solar systems; the same which caused the weather-beaten dust on the surface of our metallic planet to spring forth into living forms."
The conception of the development of the plan of the earth from the first of cooling of the surface of the planet throughout the long geological periods, the guiding power of environment on the circulation of water and of air, on the distribution of plants and animals, and finally on the movements of man, give to geography a philosophical dignity and a scientific completeness whici it never previously possessed.
The motions of the earth as a planet must be taken into account, as they render possible the determination of position and direction by observations of the heavenly bodies.
The angle which the earth's axis makes with the plane in which the planet revolves round the sun determines the varying seasonal distribution of solar radiation over the surface and the mathematical zones of climate.
After the success of the Rocket, the Stephensons received orders to build seven more engines, which were of very similar design, though rather larger, being four-wheeled engines, with the two driving wheels in front and the cylinders behind; and in October 1830 they constructed a ninth engine, the Planet, also for the Liverpool & Manchester railway, which still more closely resembled the modern type, since the driving wheels were placed at the fire-box end, while the two cylinders were arranged under the smoke-box, inside the frames.
Baldwin, the founder of the famous Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia, built his first engine, Old Ironsides, for the Philadelphia, Germantown & Morristown railroad; first tried in November 1832, it was modelled on Stephenson's Planet, and had a single pair of driving wheels at the firebox end and a pair of carrying wheels under the smoke-box.
The effect of such contraction would be to draw the materials of the ring into a single mass, and thus we would have a planet formed, while the satellites of that planet would be developed from the still nascent planet in the same way as the planet itself originated from the sun.
The rotation of the planets on their axes is also explained as a consequence of the nebular theory, for at the time of the first formation of the planet it must have participated in the rotation of the whole nebula, and by the subsequent contraction of the planet the speed with which the rotation was performed must have been accelerated.
Kepler's Problem, namely, that of finding the co-ordinates of a planet at a given time, which is equivalent - given the mean anomaly - to that of determining the true anomaly, was solved approximately by Kepler, and more completely by Wallis, Newton and others.
The anomalistic revolution of a planet or other heavenly body is the revolution between two consecutive passages through the pericentre.
An Anomalistic year is the time (365 days, 6 hours, 13 minutes, 48 seconds) in which the earth (and similarly for any other planet) passes from perihelion to perihelion, or from any given value of the anomaly to the same again.
Another false prophet and magician was Yishu M'shiha, who was in fact a manifestation of the planet Mercury.
Her star was the planet Venus, and classical writers give her the epithet Caelestis and Urania.
Subsequently electrum (an alloy of gold and silver) disappeared as a specific metal, and tin was ascribed to Jupiter instead, the sign of mercury becoming common to the metal and the planet.
In Babylonia, from a very early period, Baal became a definite individual deity, and was identified with the planet Jupiter.
That is to an eye at F', the planet would seem to move around the sky with a nearly uniform speed.
A sixth is the position of the planet in the orbit at a given moment, for which may be substituted the moment at which it passed the pericentre.
This is defined as the speed of revolution of the fictitious body already described, revolving with a uniform angular motion and the same periodic time as the planet.
Hence the number of independent elements assigned to a planet or other body moving around the sun is commonly six.
The process by which the position of a planet at any time is determined from its elements may now be conceived as follows The epoch of passage through pericentre being given, let t be the interval of time between this epoch and that for which the position of the body is required.
The angle from the pericentre to the actual radius vector, and the length of the latter being found, the angular distance of the planet from the node in the plane of the orbit is found by adding to the true anomaly the distance from the node to the pericentre.
This, and the inclination of the orbit being given, we have all the geometrical data necessary to compute the coordinates of the planet itself.
Gold, the most perfect metal, had the symbol of the Sun, 0; silver, the semiperfect metal, had the symbol of the Moon, 0j; copper, iron and antimony, the imperfect metals of the gold class, had the symbols of Venus Mars and the Earth tin and lead, the imperfect metals of the silver class, had the symbols of Jupiter 94, and Saturn h; while mercury, the imperfect metal of both the gold and silver class, had the symbol of the planet,.
One was to use a heliometer to measure the distance between the limbs of Venus and the sun during the whole time that the planet was seen projected on the solar disk, and the other was to take photographs of the sun during the period of the transit and subsequently measure the negatives.
In 1898 the remarkable minor planet Eros was discovered, which, on those rare occasions when in opposition near perihelion, would approach the earth to a distance of 0 .
On these occasions the actual parallax would be six times greater than that of the sun, and could therefore be measured with much greater precision than in the case of any other planet.
Such an approach had occurred in 1892, but the planet was not then discovered.
At the opposition of1900-1901the minimum distance was 0.3 2, much less than that of any other planet.
In the astral-theological system he is the planet Mars, while in ecclesiastical art the great lion-headed colossi serving as guardians to the temples and palaces seem to be a symbol of Nergal, just as the bull-headed colossi are probably intended to typify Ninib.
The latter element enters only when it is a question of recognizing the duplicity of a double star, or of distinguishing detail upon the surface of a planet.
In 1789 Klaproth isolated from pitchblende a yellow oxide which he viewed as the oxide of a new metal, which he named uranium, after the newly discovered planet of Herschel.
The moon-god Sin is written by a sign which has the force of " thirty," and is a distinct reference to the monthly course of the planet; or the name is written by two signs to be pronounced EN-ZU, which describe the god as the " lord of wisdom."
If it did, then a portion of the earth's mass or of that of any other planet turned away from the sun would not be subjected to the same action of the sun as if directly exposed to that action.
Taking the mean distance of this group as that of a planet, the distance of the major planets closely approximates to Bode's law, except in the case of Neptune.
For the elements of the orbits, and the general character of the several planets see PLANET.
Medieval speculation took the Church and the Empire for granted, as divinely appointed institutions, under which the nations of the earth must flourish for the space of man's probation on this planet.
From a series of measures of the angle between Jupiter's satellites and the planet, made in June and July 1794 and in August and September 1795, Schur finds the mass of Jupiter =I / Io 4 8.55 1.45, a result which accords well within the limits of its probable error with the received value of the mass derived from modern researches.
If measures are made by placing the image of a star in the centre of the disk of a planet, the observer may have a tendency to do so systematically in error from some acquired habit or from natural astigmatism of the eye.
It is now known to correspond to the actual orbit of the planet round the sun.
He spliced together all the sounding-lines on board, rightly said that since the days of Columbus and Magellan no and with a weight of 1501b attached he found bottom in 683 such revelation regarding the surface of our planet had been fathoms and secured a sample of fine soft blue mud.
All attempts to dispense with a lead and line and to measure the depth by determining the pressure at the bottom have hitherto failed when applied to depths greater than 200 fathoms; a new hydraulic manometer has been tried on board the German surveying ship " Planet."
In the tropical and subtropical belts of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans south of the equator the salinity diminishes rapidly from the surface downwards, and at 500 fathoms reaches a minimum of 34.3 or 34.4 p e r mille; after that it increases again to 800 fathoms, where it is almost 34.7 or 34.8, and this salinity holds good to the bottom, even to the greatest depths, as was first shown by the " Gauss " and afterwards by the " Planet " between Durban and Ceylon.
The Sabaeans also recognize `Athtar; but with them he is superseded by Almaqah, who, according to Hamdani, is the planet Venus, and therefore is identical with `Athtar.
Each planet had two houses - a solar and a lunar - distributed according to the order of their revolutions.
Thus Mercury, as the planet nearest the sun, obtained Virgo, the sign adjacent to Leo, with the corresponding lunar house in Gemini; Venus had Libra (solar) and Taurus (lunar); and so for the rest.
A ram frequently stamped on coins of Antiochus, with head reverted towards the moon and a star (the planet Mars), signified Aries to be the lunar house of Mars.
As the date of inception of the circular zodiac now at Paris the year 46 B.C. has, however, been suggested with high probability, from (among other indications) the position among the signs of the emblem of the planet Jupiter.
In Dr Fausts Hollenzwang "+Mephistophiel" is one of the seven great princes of hell; "he stands under the planet Jupiter, his regent is named Zadkiel, an enthroned angel of the holy Jehovah..
It is to be noted, however, that in this little poem he is to some extent confounded with the planet named after him (Ares, or Mars).
The most striking addition which is here made to previous researches consists in the treatment of a planet supposed entirely fluid; the general equation for the form of a stratum is given for the first time and discussed.
This work contains an elaborate account of the phenomena presented by the planet; but although favourably received by astronomers, it had no great sale.
It is also invisible during moonlight and near the horizon, and the neighbourhood of a bright star or planet may interfere with its recognition.
But it was not until 1609 that, the "great Martian labour" being at length completed, he was able, in his own figurative language, to lead the captive planet to the foot of the imperial throne.
That of Mercury was actually seen by Gassendi in Paris on the 7th of November 1631 (being the first passage of a planet across the sun ever observed); that of Venus, predicted for the 6th of December following, was invisible in western Europe.
Notwithstanding the rude character of the apparatus at his disposal, Horrocks was enabled by his observation of it to introduce some important corrections into the elements of the planet's, orbit, and to reduce to its exact value the received estimate of its apparent diameter.
The first of these features is determined by the intermediate position of the United States between the equator and the north pole; the second by the equatorial-polar temperature contrast and the eastward rotation of the planet.
Now, the day being divided into twentyfour hours, each hour was consecrated to a particular planet, namely, one to Saturn, the following to Jupiter, the third to Mars, and so on according to the above order; and the day received the name of the planet which presided over its first hour.
If, then, the first hour of a day was consecrated to Saturn, that planet would also have the 8th, the 15th, and the 2 2nd hour; the 23rd would fall to Jupiter, the 24th to Mars, and the 25th, or the first hour of the second day, would belong to the Sun.
In the astral-theological system Ninib becomes the planet Saturn.
The "mean longitude" of a planet is the longitude of the "mean" planet, i.e.
Other works are A Discourse concerning a New Planet (1640); Mercury, or the Secret and Swift Messenger (1641), a work of some ingenuity on the means of rapid correspondence; and Mathematical Magick (1648).
The discovery of Neptune (1846), due to the influence of this planet on the motion of Uranus, may be mentioned as its most dramatic achievement.
This remarkable debut excited much attention, and, on the recommendation of Francois Arago, he took in hand the theory of Mercury, producing, in 1843, vastly improved tables of that planet.
It thus appears that iron was manufactured from meteorolites which had fallen to the earth in an almost pure metallic state, possibly long before prehistoric man had learnt how to dig for and smelt iron in any of the forms of ore which are found on this planet.
He demonstrated the rotation of the satellites of Jupiter round the planet, and gave rough predictions of their configurations, proved the rotation of the sun on its axis, established the general truth of the Copernican system as compared with that of Ptolemy, and fairly routed the fanciful dogmas of the philosophers.
This process, which reached its culmination in the post-Khammurabic period, led to identifying the planet Jupiter with Marduk, Venus with Ishtar, Mars with Nergal, Mercury with Nebo, and Saturn with Ninib.
If anything is a planet it is a body.
If anything is a planet it is extended.
We learn that if the orbital motion of a planet, or a satellite, were arrested, the body would fall into the sun, or into its primary, in the fraction 0.1768 of its actual periodic time.
He also investigated the orbit of the newly discovered planet Neptune.
Kewan is probably the old Babylonian Ka(y)awanu, the planet Saturn, another (the Akkadian) name for which is Sakkut, which appears as Siccuth in the earlier part of the verse.
The formation of the tables of a planet has been described by Cayley as " the culminating achievement of astronomy," but the gigantic task which Newcomb laid out for himself, and which he carried on for more than twenty years, was the building up, on an absolutely homogeneous basis, of the theory and tables of the whole planetary system.
From the motion of the satellites he finds that the mass of Uranus is - T - A o o th of that of the sun, while for the planet Neptune he finds a mass equal to 19 Toth of the sun, agreeing with the value previously found by him from the perturbations of Uranus within o th of its amount.
In this article the Renaissance will be considered as implying a comprehensive movement of the European intellect and will Method toward self-emancipation, toward reassertion of the natural rights of the reason and the senses, toward the conquest of this planet as a place of human occupation, and toward the formation of regulative theories both for states and individuals differing from those of medieval times.
To say that it displaced the centre of gravity in politics and commerce, substituting the ocean for the Mediterranean, dethroning Italy from her seat of central importance in traffic, depressing the eastern and elevating the western powers of Europe, opening a path for Anglo-Saxon expansiveness, forcing philosophers and statesmen to regard the Occidental nations as a single group in counterpoise to other groups of nations, the European community as one unit correlated to other units of humanity upon this planet, is truth enough to vindicate the vast significance of these discoveries.
The purpose of this article has been to show that, while the Renaissance implied a new way of regarding the material world and human nature, a new conception of man's destiny and duties on this planet, a new culture and new intellectual perceptions penetrating every sphere of thought and energy, it also involved new reciprocal relations between the members of the European group of nations.
He was accused 2 " I wax now somewhat ancient; one-and-thirty years is a great deal of sand in the hour-glass....I ever bare a mind (in some middle place that I could discharge) to serve her majesty; not as a man born under Sol, that loveth honour; nor under Jupiter, that loveth business (for the contemplative planet carrieth me away wholly); but as a man born under an excellent sovereign, that deserveth the dedication of all men's abilities.
Richter appears to have been the first to propound the idea that life came to this planet as cosmic dust or in meteorites thrown off from stars and planets.
Examples are the motion of the moon around the earth as disturbed by the action of the sun, and of one planet around the sun as disturbed by the action of another planet.
Whatever be the subsequent method of reduction, the instant is required when the planet's disk is in internal contact with that of the sun; but after contact has plainly passed it still remains connected with the sun's rim by a " black drop," with the result that trained observers using similar instruments set up a few feet from one another sometimes differed by half a minute of time in their record.
The measures were made with the Cape heliometer and have never been superseded, for the latest results with the minor planet Eros exactly confirm Gill's result-8.80" - while they decidedly diminish the associated probable error.
The planet Eros was discovered in 1899, and proved to have an orbit between the earth and Mars, while every one of the other five or six hundred.
The planet showed a stellar disk varying in magnitude from 9 to 12.
On some plates the stars were allowed to trail and the planet was followed, in others the reverse procedure was taken; in either case the planet's position is measured by referring it to " comparison stars " of approximately its own magnitude situated within 25' to 30' of the centre of the plate, while these stars are themselves fixed by measurement from brighter " reference stars," the positions of which are found by meridian observations if absolute places are desired.
Instead of confining himself, as before, to the fruitless integration of three differential equations of the second degree, which are furnished by mathematical principles, he reduced them to the three co-ordinates which determine the place of the moon; and he divided into classes all the inequalities of that planet, as far as they depend either on the elongation of the sun and moon, or upon the eccentricity, or the parallax, or the inclination of the lunar orbit.
His last subject of investigation was the motion of balloons, and the last subject on which he conversed was the newly discovered planet Herschel (Uranus).
Johann Kepler had proved by an elaborate series of measurements that each planet revolves in an elliptical orbit round the sun, whose centre occupies one of the foci of the orbit, that the radius vector of each planet drawn from the sun describes equal areas in equal times, and that the squares of the periodic times of the planets are in the same proportion as the cubes of their mean distances from the sun.
Without mentioning the speculations which had been made, he asked Newton what would be the curve described by a planet round the sun on the assumption that the sun's force diminished as the square of the distance.
Between ten and eleven years ago there was an hypothesis of mine registered in your books, wherein I hinted a cause of gravity towards the earth, sun and planets, with the dependence of the celestial motions thereon; in which the proportion of the decrease of gravity from the superficies of the planet (though for brevity's sake not there expressed) can be no other than reciprocally duplicate of the distance from the centre.
While still an undergraduate he happened to read of certain unexplained irregularities in the motion of the planet Uranus, and determined to investigate them as soon as possible, with a view to ascertaining whether they might not be due to the action of a remote undiscovered planet.
By September 1845 he obtained his first solution, and handed to Professor Challis, the director of the Cambridge Observatory, a paper giving the elements of what he described as "the new planet."
Herschel, at the ensuing meeting of the British Association early in September, ventured accordingly to predict that a new planet would shortly be discovered.
Meanwhile Airy had in July suggested to Challis that the planet should be sought for with the Cambridge equatorial.
On the 4th and 12th of August, as afterwards appeared, the planet was actually observed; but owing to the want of a proper star-map it was not then recognized as planetary.
No doubt remained that "Leverrier's planet" had been discovered.
On the announcement of the fact, Herschel and Challis made known that Adams had already calculated the planet's elements and position.
In the astral-theological system, Marduk is identified with the planet Jupiter.
Esther is a modification of Ishtar, the name of the Babylonian goddess of fertility and of the planet Venus, whose myth must have been partially known to the Israelites even in pre-exilic times,' and after the fall of the state must have acquired a still stronger hold on Jewish exiles.
His discussion of the effects of parallax in the transit of a planet over the sun's disc excited great interest, having appeared (in 1764) between the dates of the two transits of Venus that took place in the 18th century.
But the co-rebel Adam repented and God then created the Earth and sent Adam to expiate his sin by living amidst difficulties and sufferings on that planet.
The seeming anomaly of classifying as a single branch of science all that we know in a field so wide, while subdividing our knowledge of things on our own planet into an indefinite number of separate sciences, finds its explanation in the impossibility of subjecting the matter of the heavens to that experimental scrutiny which yields such rich results when applied to matter which we can handle at will.
Among the problems of theoretical astronomy we may assign the first place to the determination of orbits, which is auxiliary to the prediction of the apparent motions of a planet, satellite or star.
The orbit of a newly-discovered planet or comet may be computed from three complete observations by well-known methods in a single day.
Beginning with the first branch of the subject, the fundamental ideas which it is our purpose to convey are embodied in the simple case of only two bodies, which we may call the sun and a planet.
In this case the two bodies really revolve round their common centre of gravity; but a very slight modification of the equations of motion reduces them to the relative motion of the planet round the sun, regarding the moving centre of the latter as the origin of co-ordinates.
The motion of this centre, which arises from the attraction of the planet on the sun, need not be considered.
By taking this plane, which is that of the orbit in which the planet performs its revolution, as the plane of xy, we have only two co-ordinates to consider.
M, m, the masses of the attracting bodies, sun and planet.
We must have, in addition, in the case of each special planet, certain specific facts, viz.
Besides these, we must have given the position of the planet in the orbit at some specified moment.
Having these data, the position of the planet at any other time may be geometrically constructed by Kepler's laws.
This reasoning tacitly supposes the orbit to be a circle of radius a, and the mass of the planet to be negligible.
Putting M and m for the respective masses of the sun and planet, a for the semi-major axis of the orbit, and n for the mean.
It follows, therefore, that were any portion of the mass of the sun taken from it, and added to the planet, the relation would be unchanged.
The result of the integration is that the co-ordinates x and y and their derivatives as to the time, which express the position, direction of motion and speed of the planet at any moment, are found as functions of the four constants and of the time.
Logically these data completely determine the orbit in which the planet shall move, because there is only one such orbit passing through P, a; planet moving in which would have the given speed.
It follows that the elements of the orbit admit of determination when the co-ordi nates of the planet at an assigned moment FIG.
The general equations expressing the motion of a planet considered as a material particle round a centre of attraction lead to theorems the more interesting of which will now be enunciated.
We have shown that, when the position of a planet and the direction and speed of its motion at a certain instant are given, the elements of the orbit can be determined.
Now, consider the values of these same variables expressing the position of the planet at a second point Q, and the speed with which it passes that point.
In a word, although the position and speed of the planet and the direction of its motion are constantly changing, the values of the elements determined from these variables remain constant.
Now let the planet be subjected to any force additional to that of the sun's attraction, - say to the attraction of another planet.
To fix the ideas let us suppose that the additional attraction is only an impulse received at the moment of passing the point P. The first effect will evidently be to change either the velocity or the direction in which the planet is moving at the moment, or both.
It follows that, if we go on computing the elements a, b, c, d from the actual values of x, y, x' and y', at each moment when the planet is subject to the attraction of another body, they will no longer be invariable, but will slowly vary from day to day and year to year.
These ever varying elements represent an ever varying elliptic orbit, - not an orbit which the planet actually describes through its whole course, but an ideal one in which it is moving at each instant, and which continually adjusts itself to the actual motion of the planet at the instant.
A certain mean elliptic orbit, as near as possible to the actual varying orbit of the planet, is taken.
In this orbit a certain fictitious planet is supposed to move according to the law of elliptic motion.
Comparing the longitudes of the actual and the fictitious planet the former will sometimes be ahead of the latter and sometimes behind it.
But in every case, if at a certain time t, the actual planet has a certain longitude, it is certain that at a very short interval dt before or after t, the fictitious planet will have this same longitude.
What Hansen's method does is to determine a correction dt such that, being applied to the actual time t, the longitude of the fictitious planet computed for the time t+dt, will give the longitude of the true planet at the time t.
Although the longitude of the fictitious planet at the fictitious time is then equal to that of the true planet at the true time, their radii vectores will not be strictly equal.
Hansen, therefore, shows how the radius vector is corrected so as to give that of the true planet.
In all that precedes we have considered only two variables as determining the position of the planet, the latter being supposed to move in a plane.
Hence the position of the plane of the orbit of each planet is continually changing in consequence of their mutual action.
The position and velocity being given in all three co-ordinates, a certain osculating plane is determined for each instant in which the planet is moving at that instant.
This plane remains invariable so long as no third body acts; when it does act the position of the plane changes very slowly, continually rotating round the radius vector of the planet as an instantaneous axis of rotation.
In this case the variation will be simply periodic, The value of any element of the planet's motion will generally be represented by the sum of an infinite series of such periodic quantities, having different periods.
The result of the continued action of the two planets upon each other is that during half of this period the motion of one planet is constantly retarded and of the other constantly accelerated, while during the other half the effects are reversed.
There is thus in the case of each planet an oscillation of the mean longitude which increases it and then diminishes it to its original value at the end of the period of 883 years.
The longitudes, latitudes and radii vectores of a planet, being algebraically expressed as the sum of an infinite periodic series of the kind we have been describing, it follows that the problem of finding their co-ordinates at any moment is solved by computing these expressions.
For the same reason that the residual forces virtually act in opposite directions upon the nearer and more distant portions of a planet FIG.
When the orbit of the satellite is inclined to that of the primary planet round the sun, the action brings about a change in the plane of the orbit represented by a rotation round an axis perpendicular to the plane of the orbit of the primary.
If a planet rotates on its axis so rapidly as to have a considerable ellipticity, and if it has satellites revolving very near the plane of the equator, the combined actions of the sun and of the equatorial protuberances may be such that the whole system will rotate almost as if the planes of revolution of the satellites were solidly fixed to the plane of the equator.
The action of the sun alone would completely throw them out of these planes as each satellite orbit would rotate independently; but the effect of the mutual action is to keep all of the planes in close coincidence with the plane of the planet's equator.
He long adhered to the traditional belief that all celestial revolutions must be performed equably in circles; but a laborious computation of seven recorded oppositions of Mars at last persuaded him that the planet travelled in an ellipse, one focus of which was occupied by the sun.
Pursuing the inquiry, he found that its velocity was uniform with respect to no single point within the orbit, but that the areas described, in equal times, by a line drawn from the sun to the planet were strictly equal.
The instants of contact between the limbs of the sun and planet defied precise determination.
But an unlooked-for fresh opportunity was afforded by the discovery in 1898 of the singularly circumstanced minor planet Eros, which occasionally approaches the earth more nearly than any other heavenly body except the moon.
When the spectroscope was first applied in astronomy, it was hoped that the light reflected from living matter might be found to possess some property different from that found in light reflected from non-living matter, and that we might thus detect the presence of life on the surface of a planet by a study of its spectrum; but no hope of this kind has so far been realized.
In the system that passes under the name of Ptolemy, Saturn is associated with grey, Jupiter with white, Mars with red, Venus with yellow, while Mercury, occupying a peculiar place in Greek as it did in Babylonian astrology (where it was at one time designated as the planet par excellence), was supposed to vary its colour according to changing circumstances.
Saturn, taking in Greek astrology the place at the head of the planets which among the Babylonians was accorded to JupiterMarduk, was given a place in the brain, which in later times was looked upon as the centre of soul-life; Venus, as the planet of the passion of love, was supposed to reign supreme over the genital organs, the belly and the lower limbs; Mars, as the violent planet, is associated with the bile, as well as with the blood and kidneys.
The fate of the individual in this combination of planets with the zodiac was made dependent not merely upon the planet which happened to be rising at the time of birth or of conception, but also upon its local relationship to a special sign or to certain signs of the zodiac. The zodiac was regarded as the prototype of the human body, the different parts of which all had their corresponding section in the zodiac itself.
Wednesday was assigned to the planet Mercury, the equivalent of the Germanic god Woden; Thursday to Jupiter, the equivalent of Thor; and Friday to Friga, the goddess of love, who is represented by Venus among the Romans and among the Babylonians by Ishtar.
Among the Arabs similar associations of lucky and unlucky days directly connected with the influence of the planets prevailed through all times, Tuesday and Wednesday, for instance, being regarded as the days for blood-letting, because Tuesday was connected with lIars, the lord of war and blood, and Wednesday with Mercury, the planet of humours.
In their numerous allusions to the subtle mercury, which the one makes when treating of a means of measuring time by the efflux of the metal, and the other in a treatise on the transit of the planet, we see traces of the school in which they served their first apprenticeship. Huygens, moreover, in his great posthumous work, Cosmotheoros, seu de terris coelestibus, shows himself a more exact observer of astrological symbols than Kircher himself in his Iter exstaticum.
At one time the sun presented its friendly side, which attracted one planet, sometimes its adverse side, which repelled it.
The influence of a particular planet has also lef t traces in various languages; but the French and English jovial and the English saturnine correspond rather to the gods who served as types in chiromancy than to the planets which bear the same names.
As the planet revolves around the centre, each radius vector describes a surface of which the area swept over in a unit of time measures the areal velocity of the planet.
The constancy of this velocity in the case of the sun and a single planet is formulated in Kepler's second law.
We shall thus have a projected areal velocity, the product of which by the mass of the planet is the moment of momentum of the latter.
If it did not extend so far as this it could not be seen as frequently as it is at a distance of 90 from the sup. The accompanying figure shows the form of the outline, as it would appear to an observer on an outer planet were the light of the sun cut off.
You will be safe, or the Black God has my personal promise that I'll wipe him off the planet.
His desire to expel the Watchers from the planet solidified.
If the Watchers and Others couldn't hide from him, he was one step closer to finding a way to rid the planet of both.
With Jule—and you—I think we have a chance of ridding the planet of the immortal interference and returning to our day-to-day battle between good and evil.
Dusty says you stopped D from annihilating the planet.
The death visions, the distrust everyone on the planet had for a soul-reader, the inability to eat … they were nothing compared to helping a man find his soul again.
Gabriel suspected there was nothing on the planet that might make her interested in an option that currently stood at failure rate of ninety nine percent.
There is nothing on this planet that will make him fall in love with someone like you.
A'Ran l'Anshantuwei, the exiled dhjan-- king-- of the planet Anshan, looked over the three women before him, each a specimen of perfection to her people.
Half the population of his planet had been decimated by famine and war, and for all he knew, his intended was among them.
It was the Yirkins' first venture into their system, and they'd chosen Anshan, aided by traitors within his father's government who were wooed with the promise of ruling their own planet.
Swiping at the air, A'Ran couldn't help but feel furious that the Council would protect such civilizations from those that were more advanced out of some sense of fairness while sitting by doing nothing as his planet was overrun and his parents murdered.
Jetr had been loyal to his family for generations, and A'Ran respected him, knew the odd-looking man was the only reason the Council hadn't ceded to the Yirkins' petitions to claim the planet officially.
The second chuckled as he ordered the computer to rendezvous with the massive grey spaceship awaiting them outside the planet's atmosphere.
In my dream … the aliens … took me … to a planet ruled by spiders!
Romas's clan was very large and his father's influence the greatest on the planet of Qatwal.
Their planet had been a barbarian planet, until the Five Galaxies zone, in which Qatwal sat in the middle, was discovered by a master race of super-genius aliens Evelyn referred to as the Brains.
A'Ran comes from the barbarian planet, but he won't disrespect our family.
A'Ran, dhjan of Anshan, strode from the room in which he'd left her into the secondary control deck, a small room lit up with scenes of space, the planet, their destination, and the internal corridors of the craft.
For fifteen sun-cycles, Anshan women had borne no male children, and drought and dwindling supplies of the ore that made his dhjan wealthy and respected had driven his planet into abject poverty.
She was independent, an odd contrast given that she was far too delicate to defend herself if left to face the planet's dangers on her own.
The woman was more peculiar than any ten-legged creature he'd met on any other planet.
You may battle all you wish, but you will never win until the balance is struck, until Anshan has its nishani, and its nishani is on the planet.
He wanted them to be on Anshan together and bring peace and life to the dying planet.
You want me … to walk away from everything I know, my family … I knew it was possible, but I didn't think I'd have a chance to go home at all … but still, I couldn't leave a whole planet to die!
She'd wanted to return home since she arrived, yet when presented with the enormity of her importance in her new world … when she realized how incredible it really would be to have a man like A'Ran in her bed every night … when she saw he was capable of passion … when she found out an entire planet full of people would die if she left … She couldn't help the tears at such a thought.
She wouldn't be stranded on some foreign, deserted planet!
Inside is one of three temples on Anshan where the heart of the planet and its people is.
The tiled floor depicted Anshan and its moons, with the planet at the chamber's center.
He would decimate all life on the planet using the very ore that had brought his family wealth and power.
The space battle stopped completely as Qatwali, Anshan, and Yirkin alike watched the devastation of his planet.
While she could never fully understand what it was to have the weight of a planet on her shoulders for fifteen years, her resentment toward A'Ran's rigid sense of duty began to thaw as Evelyn went on.
The atmosphere is contaminated beyond repair but the planet lives, a distinction I've kept from many others.
First, the Council offers to fund the relocation of your people from the Anshan moon to a suitable planet.
She was prattling on about the planet Zzz where some arch villain who closely resembled Jerome Shipton, was to meet his due while climbing an icy cliff, in hot pursuit of a fair maiden whom Dean took to be a greatly slimmed down version of the author.
The joke in fed circles was that the government could activate the Horsemen at will and bring about the destruction of the planet itself.
They'd kill half the planet to obtain the apocalyptic collection you have.
Prince Rupert the Fifth had just abdicated and, for the first time in recorded history, every planet in the known universe aligned.
The total time counted the time being on this planet.
As a space adventurer you will realize how small our planet is against the vastness of the universe.
Most everyone else on the planet will probably just stare, mouth agape, at what they are seeing.
From the area of the planet, semi-major axis and amount of reflected light, the planetary albedos can be derived.
It looked as tho she was on another planet, but there was something quite angelic about her as well.
Nowhere else on planet earth can you find such a dazzling array of choices for a theme wedding.
He also has the arrogance to ask what planet these residents inhabit.
It endangers out planet more than global warming, nuclear winter or rogue asteroids.
The ' ancient astronaut ' theory reconsidered in the light of the Egyptian exploded planet cult.
In a typically audacious action, Rampage struck at a Gold convoy passing Planet New London.
The height of each curve is the semi-major axis of that planet, a measure of its distance from the star.
The semimajor axis of a planetary orbit is also the average distance from the planet to its primary.
But the evidence found on Mars suggests that this is not the first time we have left a planet barren.
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The Maori also possess considerable astronomical knowledge, including that of a planet that wears a circlet or headband (46 ).
I wondered this aloud with a psychic clairvoyant recently, who offered the thought that our spiritual perceptions are probably confined to this planet.
Dead Rising and Lost Planet are the killer combo this Christmas!
The current increase in atmospheric concentration of CO 2 is considered to be one of the most important long-term changes occurring on this planet.
Here it is closely conjunct retrograde Mercury, the planet of exchange.
This full moon will find the moon conjunct the planet Neptune, which will give energy to that planet.
This time inferior conjunction also sees a transit of the planet across the Sun's disk.
With Venus at V2 and the Earth at E, the planet is said to be at superior conjunction.
Kirkus Dawkins's enthusiasm for the diversity of life on this planet should prove contagious.
The Blue Planet takes a journey in to the abyss where there are strange creatures straight out of Alien.
Save the Whale was a rallying cry for the 80s, symbolizing a realization of the damage humans were inflicting on the planet.
To begin, Alan Alford explains that the religions of the Near East were exploded planet cults.
The Planet ruling the 9th house cusp is the Moon which lies in Scorpio.
His compilations have a beautiful flow like a radio transmission from planet dada.
However, if Jupiter as the receiving planet is in serious debility then it will confer that debility onto Mercury.
We are currently enjoying this planet close to its maximum northern declination at a time when the ring system is wide open.
Poverty is the most environmentally destructive force on the planet.
The shadow of nuclear devastation is over our planet.
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They stripped it during the afternoon and found the planet wheels had seized onto the shaft, effectively locking the diff!
Galileo Shuttle craft landed on planet surface, based on the Classic Star Trek series episode The Galileo 7. 1/35th scale diorama.
There was much talk of Mother Earth and saving the Planet, but nobody was actually doing anything.
Electromagnetic waves of that blast reached planet earth on March 19th.
Venus's rapid motion outward from the Sun will come to a halt when the planet reaches maximum western elongation on August 17th.
Up until about 2 years ago I just wanted to be the most lyrically talented emcee on the planet.
The planet became the intense emitter of radio waves - the total outputs from all TVs, cell-phones and radar transmissions.
During the 19th century observations of the positions of the planet Uranus were seen to be in disagreement with the predicted ephemeris.
The upper atmosphere is structured into characteristic ' belts ' and ' zones ' running parallel to the planet's equator.
This cataclysmic eruption may have been triggered by a menacing flyby, perhaps of a planet in a long period orbit around our sun.
Many thanks for helping to stop the brainwashed religious fanatics from tearing the planet apart.
My own sci-fi fantasy would then be realized when this planet become uninhabitable due to the efforts of its inhabitants.