Neurons Sentence Examples

Nerve cells, or neurons, perform many functions in the body.

But when neurons are linked together it is found that nerve impulses will only pass from neuron A to neuron B, and not from neuron B to neuron A; that is, the transmission of the excited state or nervous impulse, although possible in each neuron both up and down its own cell branches, is possible from one nerve cell to another in one direction only.

The axons of the motor neurons are, inasmuch as they are nerve fibres in nerve trunks, easily accessible to artificial stimuli.

Hence, when cut off from these sources, the nutrition of the neurons of various central mechanisms suffers.

The dorsal horns are where sensory neurons enter the spinal cord.

Motor neurons that survive develop new terminal axon sprouts in response to an unknown stimulus.

These special neurons make a pain blocking agent called enkephalin.

This histological and MRI evidence of lesions indicates that the polio virus both damaged and destroyed neurons in CNS territories beyond the anterior horn.

Click the image for a large version Neurons in those segments then convey the impulses outward beyond the cord.

In addition to the trophic influence exerted by each part of the neuron on its other parts, notably by the perikaryon on the cell branches, one neuron also in many instances influences the nutrition of other neurons.

Previous models have shown how the tilt aftereffect can be explained through adaptation of lateral interactions between neurons in visual maps.

Studies in salamanders and mice show that low extracellular calcium increases calcium signaling between neurons in the eye as well as in the nose.

Current clamp and voltage clamp experiments revealed multiple effects of 5-HT on the intrinsic excitability of CN neurons.

These are neurons that produce the chemical messenger dopamine.

Effectively, TMS utilizes an electromagnet to cause a very temporary disruption in the firing of neurons at the site of stimulation.

The picture on the cover shows a scanning electron micrograph of sensory neurons from the olfactory epithelium of an adult mouse.

It was early, I only had a few neurons firing, and they evidently hadn't got their act together yet.

In the early studies, stem cells were mainly found to have become support cells called glia, rather than new neurons.

Immunoreactivity within these neurons was diffuse, and finely granular or punctate.

The dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation continues to generate new neurons well into adulthood.

Furthermore we will use intracellular current injection to manipulate the activity of descending neurons, to identify those interneurons that elicit significant changes.

We conclude that from their early functioning, synapses from sensory neurons are strong and from sensory pathway interneurons are weak.

Neurons close to the stimulating electrode become very leaky, but fire because of the strong depolarisation.

This explanation assumes that after recovery from polio the surviving giant motor neurons must labor more than normal neurons just to maintain daily activities.

These become the parent motor neurons for those muscle fibers that were orphaned initially.

These vastly enlarged motor units make it possible for fewer motor neurons to do the work of many.

One of his ideas was to define logical systems modeled on interconnected neurons.

Firstly, the inhibitory spinal neurons do not function correctly to ' switch off ' pain signals.

All of these values are taken from data specific to subthalamic projection neurons.

After a brief introduction to pyramidal neurons, I will cover some of the existing models of neuronal dynamics.

It is associated with progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in specific areas in the brain.

Researchers have found that Ecstasy causes extensive damage to key brain cells, called dopamine neurons.

We are also attempting to enhance neurite outgrowth in adult neurons by genetic manipulation.

He's created an artificial retina that copies the function of a real one down to the firing of individual neurons.

This marker can be used to differentiate sensory neurons from adjacent spinal cord or sympathetic neurons.

Fitzgerald, M. and Fulton, B.P. (1992) The physiological properties of developing sensory neurons.

Pressure to the cement gland excites trigeminal sensory neurons.

The results of these studies suggest that a sensitization of primary nociceptive sensory neurons is responsible for this hyperalgesia.

The ventral horns are where motor neurons leave the spinal cord.

As dendrites form the predominant elements in neurons, so dendritic spines form the dominant component of many types of dendritic trees.

Here, the neuron terminal forms fine branches, which make a network of close contacts, called synapses, with other neurons.

These neurons form synapses with properties indistinguishable to primary cultured mouse neurons.

The rhythm depends on fast inhibitory synapses interconnecting the inhibitory neurons.

It has been urged that the neurons retract during sleep, and that thus at the synapses the gap between nerve cell and nerve cell becomes wider, or that the supporting cells expand between the nerve cells and tend to isolate the latter one from the other.

Normally, symptoms of fatigue would result from a reduction in cortical activation that would reduce the firing of putamen neurons.

Bone marrow could be reconstituted from cultured brain, and glial and neurons cells were obtained from bone marrow.

He 's created an artificial retina that copies the function of a real one down to the firing of individual neurons.

Activity dependent excitability changes of nociceptors and mechanoreceptors Sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion are functionally heterogeneous.

Substance P Nerves from nociceptors use this peptide to activate relay neurons in the spinal cord.

These neurons are involved in sensory processing in weakly electric fish.

The spinal neurons that regulate skeletal muscles in the cat's upper body and legs die off and cause muscular atrophy.

This is caused by misfiring neurons in the brain sending random signals to the muscles.

The theories on why we dream range from concepts that dreams are the results of our subconscious thoughts to the more simplistic concepts that dreams are simply random "noise" in the brain's neurons.

The pons sends messages, shutting off the motor neurons in the spinal cord.

Another group of poisons interferes with the electrochemical impulses that travel between neurons in the nervous system.

Certain types of neurons are capable of transmitting a pain signal to the brain.

As a group, these pain-sensing neurons are called nociceptors, and virtually every surface and organ of the body is wired with them.

Other possible causes include abnormal development of the brain, prenatal factors that directly or indirectly damage neurons in the developing brain, premature birth, and brain injuries that occur in the first few years of life.

Cytokines are proteins associated with inflammation, such as from infection or autoimmune disorders, and they may be toxic to neurons in the fetal brain.

Sensation is carried to the brain by neurons (nerve cells) running from the outer parts of the body to the spinal cord in bundles called nerves.

In the spinal cord, these neurons make connections with other neurons that run up to the brain.

Paresthesias are caused by disturbances in the function of neurons in the sensory pathway.

For instance, weakness may accompany damage to nerves that carry both sensory and motor neurons.

It is thought that the emotional overreactions in Alzheimer's patients are related to the destruction of neurons in the amygdala.

The nerve cells, or neurons, in this part of the hypothalamus secrete substances known as hypocretins or orexins, which regulate the sleep/wake cycle in humans.

Normal voluntary muscle contraction begins when electrical signals are sent from the brain through the spinal cord along nerve cells called motor neurons.

These include both the upper motor neurons within the brain and the lower motor neurons within the spinal cord and leading out to the muscle.

Motor neurons that are overly sensitive may fire below their normal thresholds.

Interruption of brain mechanisms and overly sensitive motor neurons may result from damage to the nerve pathways.

A complex genetic program coordinates the formation, growth, and migration of billions of neurons, or nerve cells, and their development into discrete, interacting brain regions.

A stimulus, such as a light tap with a rubber hammer, causes sensory neurons (nerve cells) to send signals to the spinal cord.

These electrical signals pass along upper motor neurons through the midbrain to the spinal cord.

Within the spinal cord, they connect to lower motor neurons, which convey the signals out of the spinal cord to the surface of the muscles involved.

Damage to or death of any of the neurons along this path causes weakness or paralysis of the affected muscles.

In addition to sight, the most important source of information comes from the "position sense" provided by the many sensory neurons located within the limbs (proprioception).

By week 10, your baby is producing 250,000 new neurons every minute and by week 11, your baby's sex may be discernable.

Scientific explanations for NDEs range from hallucinations to misfiring neurons.

Doctors explain the surge with the fact that loss of blood flow or oxygen to the brain will reduce the electrical potential of neurons and induce a high voltage electrical surge.

For awhile, dysfunction in mirror neurons was suspect as a cause for pervasive developmental disorders.

Mirror neurons are "monkey see, monkey do" components in the brain that help people imitate and empathize with others.

It seems reasonable considering the symptoms of autism that dysfunction in these neurons are causes, but newer research has found that while there is a delay, mirror neurons function normally in individuals with autism.

The remarkable discovery of the dual nature of the nervous system, of its duplex development as a lower and upper system of "neurons," has shed much light upon the problems of practical medicine, but this construction is described under Brain; Neuropathology; Muscle And Nerve, &C.

On the other hand, in some neurons, after severance of the axon from the rest of the cell (spinal motor cell), the whole nerve cell as well as the severed axon degenerates, and may eventually die and be removed.

It seems, especially in the case of the nexus between certain neurons, that the influence, loss of which endangers nutrition, is associated with the occurrence of something more than merely the nervous impulses awakened from time to time in the leading nerve cell.

A continuous lesser "change" or stream of changes sets through the neuron, and is distributed by it to other neurons in the same direction and by the same synapses as are its nerve impulses.

In tracing the tonus of neurons to a source, one is always led link by link against the current of nerve force - so to say, "up stream" - to the first beginnings of the chain of neurons in the sensifacient surfaces of the body.

Thus the tonus of the motor neurons of the spinal cord is much lessened by rupture of the great afferent root cells which normally play upon them.

It had been held that the branches of the g3 Activity end is played upon by other neurons - spinal, cerebral and cerebellar.

Although the cell body or perikaryon of the neuron, with its contained nucleus, is essential for the maintenance of the life of the cell branches, it has become recognized that the actual process and function of "conduction" in many neurons can, and does, go on without the cell body being directly concerned in the conduction.

Bethe has succeeded in isolating their perikarya from certain of the afferent neurons of the antennule of Carcinus.

To discuss the mechanisms of protein aggregation within neurons.

Both periaquiductal gray and substantia gelatinosa neurons produce the opioid peptide enkephalin (11 ).

Sensory information provides critical input on the current position and velocity of body parts, and spinal nerve cells (neurons) help prevent opposing muscle groups from contracting at the same time.