Mss Sentence Examples
There are several early MSS.
In England the story first appears in a short poem preserved among the Cotton MSS.
He also edited (1856) from the author's MSS.
Dr Ginsburg took up the subject almost where it was left by those early pioneers, and collected portions of the Massorah from the countless MSS.
He founded a new readership in Divinity, and presented Greek MSS.
The richest in manuscripts is that of the Vatican, especially since the purchase of the Barberini Library in 1902; it now contains over 34,000 MSS.
With it are connected a school of engineering, a school of arts and industries and the famous library (about 300,000 printed volumes and 2000 MSS.) formerly belonging to the city.
A very excellent edition of the twentyseven canonical books has been recently printed there, and there exist in our European libraries a number of Pali MSS.
The last, which is preserved in MSS.
It is generally divided into the Great and the Small Masorah, forming together an apparatus criticus which grew up gradually in the course of centuries and now accompanies the text in most MSS.
AdvertisementMany apparent puerilities, such as the counting of letters and the marking of the middle point of books, had a practical use in enabling copyists of MSS.
The preface to this edition collects all the biographical details and gives full bibliographical references to MSS.
Peiper thinks that, as the best MSS.
The text of the second was based on the fullest collation of MSS.
When he set out on his return to Italy he was the happy possessor of two cases of precious Greek MSS.
AdvertisementHorner, The Statutes of the Apostles, translated from Ethiopic and Arabic MSS.
The cantonal library contains many works relating to Swiss history and many MSS.
Of this second division of John's History, in which he had probably incorporated the socalled Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite, considerable portions are found in the British Museum MSS.
It contains a magnificent library, with many valuable MSS.
There is, indeed, a flat contradiction between the two accounts, but a family of Greek MSS.
AdvertisementThe other work of Jordanes commonly called De rebus Geticis or Getica, was styled by himself De origine actibusque 1 The evidence of MSS.
The Arithmetica, the greatest treatise on which the fame of Diophantus rests, purports to be in thirteen Books, but none of the Greek MSS.
One of the most learned men of his day, he devoted his spare time to history, and discovered that many of the oldest and most cherished Scandinavian MSS.
This MS., the contents of which are fully catalogued in the Fourth Report (1874) of the Historical MSS.
This assertion is supported by the fact that in seven of the extant MSS.
AdvertisementNearly two hundred MSS.
The most important documents are contained in MSS.
The university library is very rich, and contains the original MSS.
Similar systems of symbols, but elaborated to include compounds, appear in Greek MSS.
A considerable body of Greek chemical writings is contained in MSS.
Berthelot gives reproductions of the British Museum MSS.
Of the first group the most interesting and possibly the oldest is the Book of Crates; it is remarkable for containing some of the signs used for the metals by the Greek alchemists, and for giving figures of four pieces of apparatus which closely resemble those depicted in Greek MSS., the former being never, and the latter rarely, found in other Arabic MSS.
The Arabic works of Jaber, as contained in MSS.
It may be noted that the word " alembic " is derived from the Greek "cup," with the Arabic article prefixed, and that the instrument is figured in the MSS.
The Lex Saxonum has come down to us in two MSS.
There are no MSS.
The chapter-house contains a pre-Reformation library which includes some valuable MSS.
Important material regarding the princess exists in the MSS.
The period, however, is one of literary forgeries; most of the MSS.
The title "To the Ephesians" is found in the Muratorian canon, in Irenaeus, Tertullian and Clement of Alexandria, as well as in all the earliest MSS.
Only about onethird of the whole work, which extended from 1419 to 1474, is known to be in existence, but MSS.
Far greater interest attaches to the so-called AngloSaxon Map of the World in the British Museum (Cotton MSS.), where it is bound up in a codex which also contains a copy of the Periegesis of Priscianus.
Of this version there are at least eleven MSS.
In all the above cases there is no divergence among the MSS.
But there is stronger evidence still, and this is to be found where the MSS.
The library is especially rich in books and MSS.
These comprise the Welsh portion of the MSS.
A catalogue of the printed books in the Welsh department, which soon became a standard work of reference, was published in 1898, while a calendar of the Welsh MSS.
In the same neighbourhood is the Johanneum, erected in 1834 and in which are preserved the town library of about 600,000 printed books and 5000 MSS.
The one is the Confession, which is contained in an imperfect state in the Book of Armagh (c. 807), but complete copies are found in later MSS.
The text of this letter occurs in a number of MSS.
There are also an interesting national museum, with Roman antiquities and numismatic collections, a national library with a wealth of old Servian MSS.
The code was originally compiled in Welsh, but we have no older MSS.
The Latin translations of the code would seem to be very old, though even here we have no earlier MSS.
His interest was not, however, confined to theological literature; he annotated the margins of his classical texts with numerous scholia (many of which are preserved), and had several MSS.
The cycle of Guillaume has more unity than the other great cycles of Charlemagne or of Doon de Mayence, the various poems which compose it forming branches of the main story rather than independent epic poems. There exist numerous cyclic MSS.
It is used to designate an apocryphal writing entitled in the older MSS.
In a map of 1544, preserved among the Cotton MSS.
The library now contains upwards of 220,000 volumes, and more than 7000 MSS.
He had to collect MSS.
A younger contemporary speaks of his having made a wonderful clock or sun-dial at Magdeburg; and we know from his letters that Gerbert was accustomed to exchange his globes for MSS.
Perhaps Gerbert's chief claim to the remembrance of posterity is to be found in the care and expense with which he gathered together MSS.
Everywhere - at Rome, at Treves, at Moutier-en-Der, at Gerona in Spain, at Barcelona - he had friends or agents to procure him copies of the great Latin writers for Bobbio or Reims. To the abbot of Tours he writes that he is "labouring assiduously to form a library," and "throughout Italy, Germany and Lorraine (Belgica) is spending vast sums of money in the acquisition of MSS."
An amplified form of the same story is furnished by the Doctrine of Addai, an original Syriac work which survives complete in a St Petersburg MS. of the 6th century, and is also represented by fragments in other MSS.
Slightly later was made the Old Syriac version of the separate Gospels, which survives in two MSS.
This rite therefore was compiled from at least two earlier MSS.
The word Hadadrimmon, for which the inferior reading Hadarrimmon is found in some MSS.
The name of the small street is evidently a corruption, and in the valuable Report of the MSS.
A complete transcript, Brief Lives chiefly of Contemporaries set down by John Aubrey between the Years 1669 and 1696, was edited for the Clarendon Press in 1898 by the Rev. Andrew Clark from the MSS.
The Salic Law has come down to us in numerous MSS.
The third text consists of 99 chapters, and is divided into two groups, according as the MSS.
We have no ancient MSS.
In the first Arabic and Ethiopic versions it is called r Ezra; in some Latin MSS.
This Arabic work has not been printed, but a summary of the contents is given by Nicoll in his catalogue of the Oriental MSS.
The Apocalypse of the Virgin, containing her descent into hell, is not published entire, but only several portions of it from Greek MSS.
The Biblioteca Marucelliana, founded in 1752, contains 150,000 books, including 620 incunabula, 17,000 engravings and 1500 MSS.; it is well managed and chiefly remarkable for its collection of illustrated works and art publications.
Various princes and private persons presented it with valuable gifts and legacies, among the most important of which was the collection ofeditiones principes given by Count d'Elci, in 1841, and the Ashburnham collection of MSS.
It contained when entire about 6000 lines, and portions of it are preserved in four MSS.
The hieroglyphs and inscriptions in Meroitic belong mostly to the first six centuries A.D.; the existing Nubian MSS.
Under his administration the library was enriched with numerous gifts, legacies and acquisitions, notably by the purchase of a part of the Ashburnham MSS.
Delisle proved that the bulk of the MSS.
After his retirement (February 21, 1905) he brought out in two volumes a catalogue and description of the printed books and MSS.
Incidentally he introduces into his explanations the current German expressions for the things he is treating of, with the apology that Solomon had 1 In the oldest MSS.
This interview appears in our MSS.
Such, at least, is Echard's conclusion, derived from an examination of the earliest extant MSS.
The Consolatio has been put down as late as the 15th century as the work of an Italian imitator, there being no MSS.
Next must be mentioned the Kunstgewerbe (museum of arts and crafts) and the Musical Museum, with valuable MSS.
The British Museum possesses the oldest MSS.
Since the appearance of the editio princeps of Chenier's poems in La Touche's volume, many additional poems and fragments have been discovered, and an edition of the complete works of the poet, collated with the MSS.
It is thus rather surprising to find that in the earliest preserved MSS.
A curious passage on the subject, by Ibn Khaldun, an Arabian medieval savant, is quoted by Mr Thomas from the printed Extracts of MSS.
All these, however, have been superseded for the modern student by the editions of Natalis de Wailly (1872 and 1874), in which the text is critically edited from all the available MSS.
More conclusive still is the fact that in a number of old Mahzor MSS.
The work was to have been in four parts - (i) Syrian and allied MSS., orthodox, Nestorian and Jacobite; (2) Arabian MSS., Christian and Mahommedan; (3) Coptic, Aethiopic, Persian and Turkish MSS.; and (4) Syrian and Arabian MSS.
His two most important works were a description of certain valuable MSS.
The Athanasian Creed, so called because in many MSS.
This was Lumby's revised date, but the progress of palaeographical studies has made it possible to demonstrate that MSS.
Delisle at once pointed out (Notices et extraits des manuscrits, 1898), this MS. supplies a fixed date from which palaeographers can work in dating MSS.
Great numbers of monks, each in solitary cell, spent lonely lives, scorched by the sun, ill-clad and scantily fed, pondering on portions of Scripture or copying MSS.
Compare the MS. copy of the confession in the British Museum, Cotton MSS.
This French did not correspond with French copies of some of the originals recently discovered in Cecil's MSS.
These MSS are in the University Library of Cambridge, and were transcribed by Father Stevenson.
There are numerous references to Lenthall in his official capacity, and letters written by and to him, in the Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, and in various MSS.
How great was the popularity and diffusion of this letter may be judged in some degree from the fact that Zarncke in his treatise on Prester John gives a list of close on 100 MSS.
Bengel was the first definitely to propound the theory of families or recensions of MSS.
Connected with the university are a valuable library, occupying the palace built for Louis Bonaparte, king of Holland, in 1807 and containing upwards of 200,000 volumes and MSS.; a museum of natural history; an ophthalmic institute; physical and chemical laboratories; a veterinary school; a botanic garden; and an observatory.
In 1896 the Goethe-Schiller Archiv, an imposing building on the wooded height above the Ilm, containing MSS.
There are seven chief MSS.
In addition to this review, the Bollandists undertook the analysis of the hagiographic MSS.
When he reached Leiden (June 6, 1738) he found that the lectures were over for the term and that the MSS.
His corrections are often hasty and false, but a surprisingly large proportion of them have since received confirmation from MSS.
The text of the poem is preserved in the Asloan and Bannatyne MSS.
A trial of the pyx is mentioned in the Lansdowne MSS.
The Liceo of Bologna possesses the MSS.
Of Handlyng Synne there are complete MSS.
The Meditacyun was edited from the Bodleian and Harleian MSS.
Even if Erasmus had had at his disposal the MSS.
The public library is in the university buildings and contains many valuable MSS.
It contains some fine wood-work and a large library which includes many valuable MSS.
The museum contains various Roman and Lombard antiquities, and valuable MSS.
This is shown by the facts that he addressed to Anastasius, emperor of the East (491-518), a laudatory poem, and that the MSS.
There is hardly a library in Europe that did not and does not contain a copy of his great work, and there are about a thousand MSS.
The author is an industrious student and a typical scholar, who frequents libraries and is interested in the MSS.
The Irish monk Columban, shortly before his death in 615, founded in the neighbourhood of Pavia the monastery of Bobbio, to be the repository of many Latin MSS.
About the same date his fellow-traveller, Gallus, founded above the 'Lake of Constance the monastery of St Gallen, where Latin MSS.
He was interested in Greek, and, a full century before the fall of Constantinople, he was in possession of MSS.
During the council of Constance, Poggio, the papal secretary, spent in the quest of MSS.
A smaller number was brought from Constantinople by Filelfo (1427), while Quintus Smyrnaeus was discovered in south Italy by Bessarion, who presented his own collection of MSS.
As the emissary of Lorenzo, Janus Lascaris paid two visits to the East, returning from his second visit in 1492 with two hundred MSS.
The second fact is that all our Hebrew MSS.
The other system, the Babylonian or superlinear, is chiefly found in certain Yemen MSS.
But if the evidence available points to the time of Hadrian as the period at which the Hebrew text assumed its present form, it is even more certain that prior to that date the various MSS.
At the same time it is clear both from internal and external evidence that the archetype from which our MSS.
Our estimate of the value of these variant readings, moreover, is considerably heightened when we consider that the MSS.
In the use of the ancient versions for the purposes of textual criticism there are three precautions which must always be observed; we must reasonably assure ourselves that we possess the version itself in its original integrity; we must eliminate such variants as have the appearance of originating merely with the translator; the remainder, which will be those that are due to a difference of text in the MS. (or MSS.) used by the translator, we must then compare carefully, in the light of the considerations just stated, with the existing Hebrew text, in order to determine on which side the superiority lies."
A peculiar feature of his translation is his excessive use of transliteration, but, apart from this, his work has many points of contact with the Septuagint, which it closely resembles in style; hence it is not surprising to find that later MSS.
In the case of the book of Daniel, as we learn from Jerome (praefatio in Dan.), the translation of Theodotion was definitely adopted by the Church, and is accordingly found in the place of the original Septuagint in all MSS.
For the Hexaplar text which he thus produced not only effaced many of the most characteristic features of the old version, but also exercised a prejudicial influence on the MSS.
In the view of many authorities this version was first produced at Carthage, but recent writers are inclined to regard Antioch as its birthplace, a view which is supported by the remarkable agreement of its readings with the Lucianic recension and with the early Syriac MSS.
In order that the principles already perceived by Capellus might be satisfactorily applied in establishing a critical text, many things were needed; for example, a complete collation of existing MSS.
The apparatus criticus of the New Testament consists, from one point of view, entirely of MSS.; but these MSS.
There are said to be uncial MSS.
He abandons the practice of making a distinction between uncial and minuscule, on the ground that for textual criticism the style of writing is less important than the date and contents of a MS. To indicate these he divided MSS.
It is claimed that this system gives the maximum of information about a MS., and that it leaves room for the addition of any number of MSS.
This type of text he revised with the help of Greek MSS.
Of Jerome's revision we possess at least 8000 MSS., of which the earliest may be divided (in the gospels at all events) into groups connected with various countries; the most important are the Northumbrian, Irish, Anglo-Irish and Spanish, but the first named might also be called the Italian, as it represents the text of good MSS.
The Old Syriac. This is only known to us at present through two MSS.
This town is between Antioch and Aleppo; though the monastery is otherwise unknown, it seems probable that it was the source of many of the MSS.
It seems certain that the Old Syriac version also contained the Acts and Pauline epistles, as Aphraates and Ephraem agree in quoting a text which differs from the Peshito, but no MSS.
This is represented by many MSS.
A comparison of the Peshito with quotations in Aphraates and Ephraem shows that Rabbula revised the text of the Acts and Pauline epistles, but in the absence of MSS.
This is known, from a note extant in MSS.
The four former are found in some MSS.
The source of these notes seems to have been old MSS.
There is little room for doubt that the Harklean was based on the Philoxenian, and the Philoxenian was based on the Peshito, the revision being made in each case by the help of the Greek MSS.
Here it is necessary to distinguish between the original text of the Old Syriac and the existing MSS.
It is well represented, as it became the official version of the Coptic Church; its history is unknown, but from internal evidence it seems to have been made from good Greek MSS.
None of these groups bears witness to quite the same text, nor can all of them be identified with the texts found in existing MSS.
Group 4 has a peculiar text which cannot be identified with any definite group of MSS.
His object, therefore, is to discover and remove the various corruptions which have crept into the text, by the usual methods of the textual critic - the collection of material, the grouping of MSS.
It is not known what MSS.
It was based chiefly on MSS.
His two first editions (1546, 1549) were based on Erasmus, the Complutensian, and collations of fifteen Greek MSS.
The importance of both the Stephanus and Elzevir editions is that they formed a definite text for the purposes of comparison, and so prepared the way for the next stage, in which scholars busied themselves with the investigation and collation of other MSS.
The first to begin this work was Brian Walton, bishop of Chester, who published in 1657 in the 5th and 6th volumes of his " polyglot " Bible the text of Stephanus (1550) with the readings of fifteen new MSS.
His textual views were peculiar; he preferred to follow late MSS.
Scholz, a pupil of Hug, inspected and partially collated nearly a thousand MSS.
As a collector and publisher of evidence Tischendorf was marvellous, but as an editor of the text he added little to the principles of Lachmann, and like Lachmann does not seem to have appreciated the value of the Griesbachian system of grouping MSS.
They finally exploded the pretensions of the Textus Receptus to be the original text; but neither of them gave any explanation of the relations of the later text to the earlier, nor developed Griesbach's system of dealing with groups of MSS.
Their view of the history of the text is that a comparison of the evidence shows that, while we can distinguish more than one type of text, the most clearly discernible of all the varieties is first recognizable in the quotations of Chrysostom, and is preserved in almost all the later MSS.
The new work in course of preparation by von Soden at Berlin, which promises to take the place of Tischendorf's edition, must certainly do this so far as Greek MSS.
Besides these works the chief efforts of textual critics since WH have been directed towards the elucidation of minor problems, and the promulgation of certain hypotheses to explain the characteristics either of individual MSS.
These two scholars have done much work in trying to identify smaller groups of MSS.
A more probable suggestion is Burkitt's, who thinks that many readings in our present Old Syriac MSS.
We have no evidence earlier than Clement, and the text of the New Testament which he quotes has more in common with the Old Latin or " geographically Western " text than with the Neutral, though it definitely agrees with no known type preserved in MSS.
It is unfortunately not found in any extant MS. The second stage is that found in the quotations of Origen which is fairly well represented in B, though Origen seems at times to have used MSS.
The third stage is WH's Alexandrian, found in the quotations of Cyril of Alexandria and a few MSS.
Both of these point to the existence in the 3rd and even 2nd century of types of text which differ in very many points from anything preserved in Greek MSS.
Yet there is no doubt that both of them ultimately represent Greek MSS.
The question, therefore, is whether we ought not to base our text on the versions and ecclesiastical quotations rather than on the extant Greek MSS.
Several discoveries of important missing documents and MSS.
At least as many others are in the Record Office and British Museum, the Lansdowne MSS.
Hume's Great Lord Burghley (1898) is largely a piecing together of the references to Burghley in the same author's Calendar of Simancas MSS.
The university library contains upwards of 190,000 volumes and 6000 MSS.
He was already an ardent student of physical science; he now gave proof of his versatility by learning Chinese in order to catalogue the Chinese MSS.
It was originally intended to contain a history of the twelve Caesars, but concluded with the murder of the dictator, and in some MSS.
Its popularity is proved by the numerous MSS.
Of these " glossed Psalters " twelve MSS.
The English apocalypse, to judge from the number of MSS.
Commentaries on the Gospels of St Matthew, St Mark and St Luke, we are told by the heading in one of the MSS.
It is found in several MSS.
He now threw himself with characteristic energy and zeal into the task of examining the numerous MSS.
Luke's account is too much interpolated from Paul, and the texts of his oldest MSS.
Much of this literature is still left in Turfan, where the natives use the sheets of Vigur and Chinese vellum MSS.
The Mufaddaliyat is not well represented by MSS.
In the mosque libraries at Constantinople there are at least five MSS.; and at Cairo there is a modern copy of one of these, containing the whole of al-Anbari's commentary.
Cryptography had a great fascination for Wheatstone; he studied it deeply at one time, and deciphered many of the MSS.
For this we have usually to rely upon manuscripts (MSS.).
From the axiom which has just been cited it follows that this connexion can be due only to community of source, and we thus arrive at the idea of families of MSS.
That a text may be improved by the comparison of different MSS.
These are MSS.
But it is often possible to detect in such MSS.
A special value attaches to a conflated codex when one of the MSS.
These readings may be cited by the name of the MS., or if still greater brevity is required as the readings of inferior MSS.
Further, it must not be assumed that all readings which are cited as being "ex uetustis codicibus" are necessarily from older or better MSS.
All known MSS.
In the "Monk's Tale" a block of 88 lines (3565-3652) is transposed in most MSS.
The text of the Septuagint, a translation of the Old Testament made from MSS.
He is chiefly known for his commentary on Virgil, which has come down to us in two distinct forms. The first is a comparatively short commentary, definitely attributed to Servius in the superscription in the MSS.
Besides several other churches and two monastic houses, the principal buildings include the handsome palace of the primate, erected in 1883; the archiepiscopal library, with valuable incunabula and old MSS.; the seminary for the education of Roman Catholic priests; the residences of the chapter; and the town-hall.
The most valuable public collections in Europe are at St Petersburg, London (British Museum) and Paris (Bibliotheque Nationale), where two or three very rare MSS.
Of the Greek manuscripts, numbering about 11,000, 6618 have been catalogued by Professor Spyridion Lambros of Athens; his work, however, does not include the MSS.
An interesting view of Urbino, in the first half of the 16th century, occurs among the pen drawings in the MSS.
A complete edition of his works according to the original MSS.
The Japanese palace contains a public library of more than 400,000 volumes, with about 3000 MSS.
We know that the Chanson de Roland was sung at the battle of Hastings, and we possess Anglo-Norman MSS.
Other lives of saints were recognized to be Anglo-Norman by Paul Meyer when examining the MSS.
Entrusted with a government mission for the purpose of seeking and purchasing Coptic, Syriac, Arabic and Ethiopic MSS.
In this work he first brought before English students a careful collation of the readings of the chief MSS.
These features early suggested Paul as the author of a book which stood in MSS.
They held the "Lord's Prayer" in high respect as the most 1 These betray their Gnostic (Marcianite) spirit by the antiJewish tone of the oldest MSS.
No mention is anywhere made of a hieroglyphical writing, but on the eastern frontier the medicine-men or tomba of the Moso have a peculiar pictorial writing, which is known in Europe from two published MSS.
Thus the whole development of the penitentiary system is traceable in the MSS.
He also showed him MSS.
He obtained MSS.
Later in the year he made an expedition to Mull, when he obtained other MSS.
See also Percy Andreae, who collated eighteen MSS.
One kind of work practised with great zeal and success by the Studite monks, was the copying of manuscripts, so that to them and to the schools that went forth from them we owe a great number of existing Greek MSS.
Professor Kirsopp Lake has (1903) written four valuable articles (Journal of Theological Studies, iv., v.) on "The Greek monasteries of South Italy"; he deals in detail with their scriptoria and the dispersal of their libraries, a matter of much interest, in that some of the chief collections of Greek MSS.
The visits of Western scholars in modern times to Greek monasteries in search of MSS.
He was also well versed in the medical science of his time, and in 991 travelled to Chartres to consult the medical MSS.
This edition, which contained 144 fables, was frequently reprinted and additions made from time to time from various MSS.
Thence the Via Bollo leads to the Piazza della Rosa, in which is situated the renowned Biblioteca Ambrosiana, erected in1603-1609by Fabio Manzone, to whom the Palazzo del Senato is also due, rich in MSS.
The first of these consists of about 4000 lines, written in the so-called "political" metre, and was discovered in the latter part of the 19th century, in a 16th-century MS., at Trebizond; the other three MSS.
Omission has been made of Aldo's reprints, in order that the attention of the reader might be concentrated on his labours in editing Greek classics from MSS.
The Liber comitis formerly attributed to St Jerome must be three, or nearly three, centuries later than that saint, and the Luxeuil lectionary, or Lectionarium Gallicanum, which Mabillon attributed to the 7th, cannot be earlier than the 8th century; yet the oldest MSS.
He left several unpublished works, which are included among the MSS.
His Collected Works, edited for the Parker Society by John Ayre (3 vols.,Cambridge, 1851-1853), include, besides the controversial tracts already alluded to, two sermons published during his lifetime, a selection from his letters to Cecil and others, and some portions of his unpublished MSS.
The Revised Version, on the other hand, in following the uncial MSS.
Of this treatise, preserved in Harleian MSS.
It was very popular in the Byzantine period, and was read and commented on very frequently; the collection of scholia by Isaac and John Tzetzes is very valuable, and the MSS.
He wrote also De Geometria speculativa (Paris, 1530); De Arithmetica practica (Paris, 1502); De Proportionibus (Paris, 1495; Venice, 1505); De Quadratura Circuli (Paris, 1 495); and an Ars Memorativa, Sloane MSS.
Philip was a great lover of pomp and luxury and a friend of letters, being the patron of Georges Chastelain, Olivier de la Marche and Antoine de la Salle, and the founder of the collection of MSS.
Having collated the different MSS.
The proof is furnished on the one hand by the geographical and ethnographical nomenclature of a later period tions of MSS.
The most celebrated public libraries are those of Berlin (i,ooo,ooo volumes and 30,000 MSS.); Munich (1,000,000 volumes, 40,000 MSS.); Heidelberg (563,000 volumes, 8ooo MSS.); Göttingen (503,000 volumes, 6000 MSS.); Strassburg (760,000 volumes); Dresden (500,000 volumes, 6000 MSS.); Hamburg (municipal library, 600,000 volumes, 5000 MSS.); Stuttgart (400,000 volumes, 3500 MSS.); Leipzig (universitylibrary, 500,000 volurries, 5000 MSS.); Wurzburg (350,000 volumes); TUbingen (340,000 volumes); Rostock (318,000 volumes); Breslau (university library, 300,000 volumes, 7000 MSS.); Freiburg-im-Breisgau (250,000 volumes); Bonn (265,000 volumes); and Konigsberg (230,000 volumes, I ioo MSS.).
Each has been edited by an expert, and the various introductions give evidence of the number of MSS.
It often agrees with the English metrical Psalter preserved in three MSS.
But it is not clear that he had read more than the opening of these MSS.
Such a work seems implied by the epistle of Peter to James and its appended adjuration, prefixed in our MSS.
In 1858 the whole collection was transferred to the Bodleian, where 25 volumes of Wood's MSS.
Speaking generally, we may say that these two MSS.
Of this fourfold Chronicle there are seven MSS.
Though not free from defects, this edition is absolutely indispensable for the study of the chronicles and the mutual relations of the different MSS.
The khedivial library contains some 64,000 volumes, over two-thirds being books and MSS.
The Persian section is rich in illuminated MSS.
The Greek alphabet, reinforced by a few signs borrowed from demotic, rendered the spoken tongue so accurately that four distinct, though closely allied, dialects are readily distinguishable in Coptic MSS.; ample remains are found of renderings of the Scriptures into all these dialects.
The book has come down to us in two MSS.
All the errors of detail in Bacher's work have been corrected by Dr Rieu in his Catalogue of the Persian MSS.
Their attribution to him is merely a matter of convenience, two of them being anonymous in the MSS.
Comnenus (1081-1118), and perhaps copied by Codinus, whose name it bears in some (later) MSS.
The Mystery of Mary Stuart (1901, new and revised ed., 1904) was a consideration of the fresh light thrown on Mary's history by the Lennox MSS.
From his Göttingen days dates the treatise on certain parts of Persian history, compiled from MSS.
Darer (London, 1889) contains extensive transcripts from the MSS.
A century, however, elapsed before an edition of the sixty books of the Basilica, as far as the MSS.
It is noteworthy that according to the numbers in the Samaritan MSS.
At the time when the Ancren Riwle was addressed to them the anchoresses did not belong to any of the monastic orders, but the monastery was under the Cistercian rule before 1266.3 There are extant seven English MSS.
There are three English MSS.
Now that the works he used have been made accessible in printed editions, we find that, wherever the existing MSS.
The difference of the opinions expressed in the MSS.
From the first a devoted student and antiquary, he devoted much time to the examination of oriental MSS.
The outcome of all his labours was, however, only the first part of Studies and Researches in the Times and Life of Cardinal Bessarion, embracing the period of the council of Florence (privately printed at Jena, 1871), a catalogue of the MSS.
He even added letters to the Latin alphabet, and wished to have the MSS.
The old hospital on the island-quarter contains a museum with interesting collections of paintings, Gallo-Roman antiquities, sculpture, &c. Close by stands the library, which possesses many valuable MSS.
Semler, dividing all the MSS.
In the library of the university of Leyden, amongst the MSS.
P. Rigaud of Oxford found from the MSS.
The town library, also called the library of the Athenaeum, includes many MSS.
In 1874 he was appointed first professor of palaeography and diplomatics at the Istituto di Studii Superiori in Florence, where he continued to work at the interpretation of MSS.
The abbey of Lorsch possessed in the 9th century five MSS.
Petrarch himself sought for MSS.
The second book of Cicero's letters to Brutus was first printed by Cratander of Basel in 1528 from a MS. obtained for him by Sichardus from the abbey of Lorsch.3 All these MSS.
The speeches pro Roscio Comoedo, pro Rabirio perduellionis reo and pro Rabirio Postumo are only known from Italian copies of the transcript (now lost) made by Poggio from lost MSS.
The de Officiis, Tusculan Disputations and Cato Major are found in a number of 9th-century MSS.
The Academica Posteriora are said by editors to be found only in 15th-century MSS.
There are independent MSS.
Information regarding various MSS.
The town library (with which that of the university was incorporated in 1905) contains a vast store of MSS.
For the murder of Escovedo, see Andrew Lang's discussion of it in his Historical Mysteries (1904); and the Espanoles e ingleses (1903) of Major" Martin Hume, who had access to various newly discovered MSS.
Sanskrit, such abbreviations are carried to an extreme; in most Greek MSS.
These contractions, however, may prove too great a strain upon the eyesight or the memory, and thus become a hindrance instead of a help. This was apparently the case in Greek, for though the early printers cast types for all the contractions of the Greek MSS.
The later developments of the Iranian alphabet are the Pahlavi and the Zend, in which the MSS.
Lee published for the Oriental Translation Fund a version from the abridged MSS.
The French capture of Constantina afforded MSS.
Generally speaking, then, the text of Acts as printed by Westcott and Hort, on the basis of the earliest MSS.
Their king, whose name appears in the best MSS.
But a work called Liber Monstrorum,' preserved in two MSS.
As found in the Irish MSS.
There are many passages in the writings of Latin authors showing that illustrated books were not uncommon in Rome at least in the early period of the empire; and the oldest extant paintings in ancient classical MSS.
Yet independent decoration appears in a primitive form in the papyri and the earliest vellum MSS.
The first examples to come under consideration are the few surviving MSS.
Varchi, Nardi, Jacopo Pitti and Bernardo Segni are unanimous upon this point; but it is only the recent publication of Guicciardini's private MSS.
Up to the year 1857 the fame of Guicciardini as a writer, and the estimation of him as a man, depended almost entirely upon the History of Italy, and on a few ill-edited extracts from his aphorisms. At that date his representatives, the counts Piero and Luigi Guicciardini, opened their family archives, and cornmitted to Signor Giuseppe Canestrini the publication of his hitherto inedited MSS.
When Greek had been acquired, MSS.
There are seventy-six MSS.
A copy of it, in the poet's own Northumbrian dialect, and in a handwriting of the 8th century, appears ona blank page of the Moore MS. of Beeda's History; and five other Latin MSS.
He lived successively at various abbeys - at Soreze, where he specially studied Greek and examined the numerous MSS.
After a stay of three years he returned to Paris, and retired to the abbey of St-Germain-des-Pres, devoting himself to the study of Greek and Latin MSS.
Of the Greek there are three forms. One is in the Vatican and Alexandrian MSS.; another is in the Sinaitic. Both these texts are to be found in Swete's Septuagint, the former denoted by B, and the latter by B is the common text, which is followed in the English Apocrypha.
In addition to contributing to various classical and scientific journals, he catalogued the classical MSS.
Another German version with introduction and notes has been published by Sigwart based on a comparison of the two Dutch MSS.
The convent of Mount St Agnes was poor, and most of the monks had to earn money to support their household by copying MSS.
McCall Theal; the last named has also published records of the Cape from MSS.
According to his express orders, all his MSS.
In Kay Park (484 acres), purchased from the duke of Portland for 90co, stands the Burns Memorial, consisting of two storeys and a tower, and containing a museum in which have been placed many important MSS.
Much of the work of both the Gerards remains in manuscript, as in Paris, National Library, MSS.
Brief accounts of his life, varying considerably in details, are prefixed to different MSS.
Its library is rich in historical and scientific works relating to Wales and Welsh industries and contains the collection of historical MSS.
The library was first kept in the choir of the Heilige Geist Kirche, and then consisted of 3500 MSS.
It has more than 500,000 volumes, besides 4000 MSS.
It has naturally suffered from the corruptions incident to transmission through MSS.
There are unpublished MSS.
Berthelot further investigated Arabic MSS.
Here again the inference is that the Latin treatises printed from the 15th century onwards as the work of Geber are not authentic, regarded as translations of the Arabic author Jaber, always supposing that the Arabic MSS.
A posthumous work of Gilbert's was edited by his brother, also called William, from two MSS.
In 1760 he issued his proposals for collating all Hebrew MSS.
Subscriptions to the amount of nearly £io,000 were obtained, and many learned men addressed themselves to the work of collation, Bruns of Helmstadt making himself specially useful as regarded MSS.
Between 1760 and 1769 ten "annual accounts" of the progress of the work were given; in its course 615 Hebrew MSS.
The Dissertatio generalis, appended to the second volume, contains an account of the MSS.
It yielded no materials of value for the emendation of the received text, and by disregarding the vowel points overlooked the one thing in which some result (grammatical if not critical) might have been derived from collation of Massoretic MSS.
It was completely rebuilt in 1131 and contains a library of 40,000 volumes, besides MSS.
The received text of the extant thirty-five books of Livy is taken from different sources, and no one of our MSS.
This is proved in the case of the older MSS.
For the fourth we have two leading MSS.
Vallet de Viriville, in the Nouvelle Biographie generale, where there is some account of the MSS.
The work exists in a longer and a shorter recension, the former in a Syriac version (published with English translation by Cureton, 1861), the latter in the original Greek attached to the Church History in most MSS.
Erddig Hall was noted for its Welsh MSS.
By his editio princeps of the Samaritan Pentateuch and Targum, in the Paris Polyglott, he gave the first impulse in Europe to the study of this dialect, which he acquired without a teacher (framing a grammar for himself) by the study of MSS.
In the Khordah Avesta, as we now have it, we find two Srosh Yashts; with regard to the first, it is expressly stated in old MSS.
Next come the four MSS.
Generally speaking, the MSS.
Field soon afterwards formed with a ' See the Manesse MSS.
It may be noticed that in the best MSS.
It is, however, likely that Theocritus intentionally used realistic language for the sake of dramatic effect, and the MSS.
It is, however, anonymous in the MSS.
The most valuable of the existing MSS.
It was written in the 13th century, and contains Idylls i.-xvii., xxix., and the Epigrams. Other good MSS.
One of these is represented by several MSS.
It has a good though not perfect collection of the early Neapolitan newspapers, a complete file of the principal modern ones and many interesting MSS.
The grounds of the supposition are some drafts occurring among his MSS.
No contemporary gives the least hint of Leonardo's having travelled in the East; to the places he mentions he gives their classical and not their current Oriental names; the catastrophes he describes are unattested from any other source; he confuses the Taurus and the Caucasus; some of the phenomena he mentions are repeated from Aristotle and Ptolemy; and there seems little reason to doubt that these passages in his MSS.
He had a passion for geography and travellers' tales, for descriptions of natural wonders and ruined cities, and was himself a practised fictitious narrator and fabulist, as other passages in his MSS.
That Leonardo was among the artists thus employed is proved both by notes and projects among his MSS.
I n mechanical, scientific and theoretical studies of all kinds it was a period, as these MSS.
He left all his MSS.
Had the Catholic reaction not fatally discouraged the pursuit of the natural sciences in Italy, had Leonardo even left behind him any one with zeal and knowledge enough to extract from the mass of his MSS.
The original MS. draft of Leonardo has been lost, though a great number of notes for it are scattered through the various extant volumes of his MSS.
The other is a more extended version, in 912 sections, divided into eight books; this was printed in 1817 by Guglielmo Manzi at Rome, from two MSS.
In recent years a whole body of scholars and editors have been engaged in giving to the world the texts of Leonardo's existing MSS.
Some stray parts of the collection, including the MSS.
In 1796 Napoleon swept away to Paris, along with the other art treasures of Italy, the whole of the Leonardo MSS.
A brief statement follows of the present distribution of the several MSS.
There was also another ancient edition by Eustochius, but all the existing MSS.
This new fragment of the Enochic literature has only recently come to light through five MSS.
For Charles's editio princeps of this work, in 1895, Professor Morfill translated two of the best MSS., as well as Sokolov's text, which is founded on these and other MSS.
In 1896 Bonwetsch issued his Das slavische Henochbuch, in which a German translation of the above two MSS.
Much of the Rumanian literature of the first two periods has been preserved only in MSS.; few of these have been investigated, and a still smaller number have been compared with their original.
The parables and apologues contained in the legend were incorporated into the Teachings of Prince Neagoe, and were also circulated separately; they are found in many old MSS.
They exist in numerous MSS.
This shrine is a richly endowed establishment with mosques and college attached, and had a fine library containing many rare and valuable MSS.
In 1418 he visited Constantinople, where he remained for some years, perfecting his knowledge of Greek and searching for ancient MSS.
Cosimo de' Medici, hearing of his embarrassment, redeemed the MSS.
Aurispa's reputation rests upon the extensive collection of MSS.
He now had a lodging in the Heralds' Office, and spent much of his time in London examining the records in the Tower and the Cottonian and other collections of MSS.
BianchiGiovini's biography (1836) is greatly marred by digressions, and is inferior in some respects to that by Arabella Georgina Campbell (1869), which is enriched by numerous references to MSS.
He left his valuable collection of MSS.
To be classed also under the head of early history are certain interpolations in the MSS.
Professor Weber gave a fairly full and carefully-drawn-up analysis of the whole of the more ancient books in the second part of the second volume of his Catalogue of the Sanskrit MSS.
The Domestic Calendar (the first volume of which is very inadequate) extended in 19o9 in a series of more than seventy volumes nearly to the end of tbe 17th century; the mass of MSS.
There is a still more monumental collectionthe Carte Paperson Irish affairs in the Bodleian Library, where also the Tanner MSS.
Commission are of great value for the later Stuart period, notably the House of Lords MSS.
Outside its walls the most important single collection is perhaps the duke of Newcastles papers among the Additional MSS.
In textual criticism Semler pursued further the principle of classifying MSS.
In 1896 Dr Sven Hedin discovered in the desert not far from the town of Khotan, in a locality known as Borasan, objects in terra-cotta, bronze images of Buddha, engraved gems, coins and MSS.; the objects, which display artistic skill, give indications of having been wrought by craftsmen who laboured to reproduce Graeco-Indian ideals in the service of the cult of Buddha, and consequently date presumably from the 3rd century B.C., when the successors of Alexander the Great were founding their kingdoms in Persia, Khwarezm (Khiva), Merv, Bactria (Afghanistan) and northern India, and from that date to the 4th or 5th century A.D.
His "finds" consisted of pottery, images, statues, coins, seals, frescoes, MSS.
The national library at Reykjavik contains some 40,000 volumes and 3000 MSS.
Taking first the sagas relating to Icelanders, of which some thirty-five or forty remain out of thrice that number, they were first written down between 1140 and 1220, in the generation which succeeded Ari and felt the g impulse his books had given to writing, on separate scrolls, no doubt mainly for the reciter's convenience; they then went through the different phases which such popular compositions have to pass in all lands - editing and compounding (1220-1260), padding and amplifying (1260-1300), and finally collection in large MSS.
Sagas exist showing all these phases, some primitive and rough, some refined and beautified, some diluted and weakened, according as their copyists have been faithful, artistic or foolish; for the first generation of MSS.
Eirik Oddsson (c. 1 150) wrote the lives of Sigurd Evil-deacon and the sons of Harold Gille, in his Hryggiar-Stykki (Sheldrake), of which parts remain in the MSS.
Here it should be noticed that Heimskringla and its class of MSS.
The lives of the Virgin, the Apostles and the Saints fill many MSS.
For over forty years Arni stuck to his task, rescuing every scrap he could lay hands on from the risks of the Icelandic climate and carelessness, and when he died only one good MSS.
Besides his magnificent collection, there are a few MSS.
That no new ideas came in may be gathered from the fact that the bulk of Irish literature so far published dates from before Boo, though the MSS.
Immediately opposite to it is the new university library, built in 1891, removed hither from the old monasterial buildings behind the Augusteum, and containing some 50o,000 volumes and s000 MSS.
But apart from the fact that it is found also in several MSS.
In 1815 he was appointed by the king keeper of Greek MSS.
Here are antiquities and MSS.
But against this notion, which has been entertained by some scholars, Lane has remarked with justice that, much as MSS.
When he found that his official duties absorbed all his leisure he resigned his post, but continued to give his time to the examination of the MSS.
There was then no complete catalogue of these sections, and Bradshaw soon showed a rare faculty for investigations respecting old books and curious MSS.
Cromwell's envoy, Sir Samuel Morland (1625-1695), had brought back from Piedmont MSS.
Bradshaw discovered the MSS.
The lesser one was the flight of Greek iconolatrous monks from Asia Minor and the Levant to Sicily and Calabria, where they established convents which for centuries were the western homes of Greek learning, and in which were written not a few of the oldest Greek MSS.
The popularity of this collection is attested by the twenty-three MSS.
In1685-1686Mabillon visited the libraries of Italy, to purchase MSS.
This was in the end the most popular form of text, and is found in a more or less degenerate state in all late MSS.
It is found in eleven MSS.
It is found in a series of subgroups of MSS.
The answer to these questions has been sought by a succession of scholars in a critical comparison of the medieval MSS.
It was first seriously assailed by Adolf Holtzmann (Untersuchungen fiber das Nib., Stuttgart, 1854), who argued that the original could not have been strophic in form - the fourth lines of the strophes are certainly often of the nature of "padding" - that it was written by Konrad (Kuonrat of the Klage), writer to Bishop Pilgrim of Passau about 970-984, and that of existing MSS.
Ryan Farquhar on the MSS Discovery Kawasaki was the early leader, but retired as the bike was proving unstable at high speeds.
Among these are Le Diwdn de Ndbiqa Dhobyani; Le Livre de Sibawaihi (2 vols., Paris, 1881-1889); Chrestomathie elementaire de l'arabe litteral (in collaboration with Spiro, 1885; 2nd ed., 1892); Ousdma ibn Mounkidh, un emir syrien (1889); Ousdma ibn Mounkidh, preface du livre du bdton (with trans., 1887); Al-Fdkhri (1895); Oumdra du Gemen (1897), a catalogue of Arabic MSS.
Up till the publication of Bahrens's edition (1880), the oldest one, Neapolitanus (N., now at Wolfenbiittel), was universally regarded as the best, and even now critics are found to maintain its paramount claims. But the more judicious admit the value of the four MSS.
Stephanus (1550), but the notes, besides embodying all previously existing collections of various readings, add a vast number derived from his own examination of many new MSS, and Oriental versions (the latter unfortunately he used only in the Latin translations).
In 1710 Kuster reprinted Mill's Testament at Amsterdam with the readings of twelve additional MSS.
In Arabic we have fragments at Paris, of which Renan translated a specimen for the Spicilegium solesmense, and another version of thirty-seven chapters at Leiden, probably the work of a monk at Jerusalem, which Land translated and printed with the Syriac. The Latin MSS.
For long the chief organs for history and archaeology were the Bibliothbque de l'ecole des chartes (1835), appearing every two months and dealing with the middle ages, and the Cabinet historique (1855), a monthly devoted to MSS.
The recension (see Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of Me Books of Samuel, p. 52) is characterized by the substitution of synonyms for the words originally used by the Septuagint, and by the frequent occurrence of double renderings, but its chief claim to critical importance rests on the fact that " it embodies renderings not found in other MSS.
This verdict is confirmed by examination of the MSS.
It is, of course, conceivable that Clement merely used bad MSS., and that there were other MSS.
Again, it has often happened that readings which have been discovered by conjecture, and as such received into a text, have afterwards been found to have the support of MSS.
The most celebrated public libraries are those of Berlin (i,ooo,ooo volumes and 30,000 MSS.); Munich (1,000,000 volumes, 40,000 MSS.); Heidelberg (563,000 volumes, 8ooo MSS.); Göttingen (503,000 volumes, 6000 MSS.); Strassburg (760,000 volumes); Dresden (500,000 volumes, 6000 MSS.); Hamburg (municipal library, 600,000 volumes, 5000 MSS.); Stuttgart (400,000 volumes, 3500 MSS.); Leipzig (universitylibrary, 500,000 volurries, 5000 MSS.); Wurzburg (350,000 volumes); TUbingen (340,000 volumes); Rostock (318,000 volumes); Breslau (university library, 300,000 volumes, 7000 MSS.); Freiburg-im-Breisgau (250,000 volumes); Bonn (265,000 volumes); and Konigsberg (230,000 volumes, I ioo MSS.).
From his Göttingen days dates the treatise on certain parts of Persian history, compiled from MSS.
And the most useful distinction to emphasize is, not the ambiguous and misleading geographical one - derived from the places where the modern copies of the MSS.
The early practice of writing the initial lines or even the entire text of a volume in gold or coloured inks, and of staining with purple and of gilding the vellum, while it undoubtedly enhanced the decorative aspect, does not properly fall within the scope of this article; it concerns the material rather than the artistic element of the MS. (See Manuscripts, Palaeography.) It will be seen, then, that in the earliest examples of book decorations we find the germs of the two lines on which that decoration was destined to develop in the illuminated MSS.
In the book cited above Professor Souter also discusses the authorship of the Quaestiones Veteris et Novi Testamenti, which the MSS.
The Commission also asked MSs for their views on how permanent authorisation could be facilitated via the recast Directive.
These sheaf binders contain duplicate copies of the typed slips in the Index of MSS.