Infections Sentence Examples
Some bacteria can cause infections, but others are harmless or even helpful to the human body.
They acquired infections while on their vacation.
When, leaving the infections, we look for evidence of progress in our knowledge of more or less local diseases, we may begin with the nervous system.
Aspergillus infections efficacy in aspergillosis patients with poor prognosis Voriconazole has in vitro fungicidal activity against aspergillus infections efficacy in aspergillosis patients with poor prognosis Voriconazole has in vitro fungicidal activity against Aspergillus spp.
They are unlikely to be carrying avian flu but they can suffer from other infections that people can catch.
Other new chapters cover using the personal computer for healthcare epidemiology; infections associated with xenotransplantation; nosocomial bacteremia; and filamentous fungi.
Prompting the authors to recommend the use of Acticoat as a useful prophylactic against fungal infections as it has a rapid broad-spectrum of activity.
Other infections (including brucellosis, psittacosis, plague ).
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a condition in which the patient suffers severe persistent candida infections.
Areas covered include routine chiropody, verrucas, ingrown toenails, fungal infections and biomechanics.
AdvertisementWhen applied to Catheter related bloodstream infections the study populations were homogenous enough to allow collation.
Infections of the surgical wound has been the most common postoperative complication.
He used cautery to cure over 50 infections or diseases and to stop bleeding.
Herbs that may be helpful Modern research has suggested that cranberry may prevent urinary tract infections.
Dandelion Tea - The leaves and petals of the humble dandelion Tea - The leaves and petals of the humble Dandelion make a diuretic tea for treating fluid retention and urinary infections.
AdvertisementChildren of non-smoking parents are less likely to have chest infections and asthma, and are at a significantly reduced risk of cot death.
Dr. Wilcox recently chaired a working party looking at diarrhoeal infections caused by the bacterium Clostridium difficile, spread primarily in hospitals.
Hygiene e.g. if nail is not sterilized and degreased, may trap dirt and lead to fungal infections.
Less common types of potentially fatal infections include infective endocarditis.
Similar chronic infections have been caused by other enteroviruses (37 ).
AdvertisementDoctors are required by law to report suspected food poisoning among other infections diseases.
His appetite was also reduced, and he began to suffer increasingly frequent chest infections.
Breast fed babies are less likely to suffer many serious illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory and ear infections, eczema and asthma as children.
Some serovars of S. enterica such as S. typhi cause systemic infections and typhoid fever, whereas others such as S. typhimurium cause gastroenteritis.
Patients with fungal fingernail infections were randomly assigned to 250 mg/day oral terbinafine or 500 mg/day oral micronized griseofulvin.
AdvertisementCandidal infections of the groin often involve the scrotum, in contrast to dermatophyte groin infections, which do not usually involve this area.
Neonatal herpes occurs when Mom acquires the virus in the 12 weeks before delivery, it is new infections that are the problem.
Food safety, especially related to animal infections that pose a threat to human health are increasingly high-profile among the veterinary profession.
In support of this notion, recent clinical studies have demonstrated that the breast-fed infant has a lower risk of acquiring urinary tract infections.
The rise in sexually transmitted infections among young people is a major public health challenge.
Results In hospital 7.8% of patients had one or more hospital acquired infections.
They all drain through very small openings into the nose to prevent infections passing into them.
Any major illness, fungal infections or surgery may be major reasons.
In early years, the commonest occurrence was the development of severe opportunistic infections with death a likely outcome.
Long periods of time were spent in a London hospital with repeated chest infections.
The febrile response to mild infections in elderly hospital inpatients.
In young girls with recurrent infections, daytime urgency and wetting is not infrequently associated due to bladder instability.
Medical therapy Upper respiratory tract infections, eg acute laryngitis, are commonly caused by viral infections.
Many of these were in elderly people who developed infections, which remained latent in the body, many years ago.
We have introduced 3,000 modern matrons who we have placed at the center of the drive to reduce infections.
Do you also have headaches, and perhaps menstrual problems and recurrent infections?
Using a good fluoride mouthwash will help gum infections and, if you gargle, it can stop you getting sore throats.
Most rashes are caused by virus infections - some of them have names (e.g. chicken pox) but many are just nameless viruses.
Speeding up the healing of wounds is likely to reduce complications such as infections and tissue necrosis.
Opt-out is not, however, possible for infections which are statutorily notifiable.
Drugs included Topical nystatin is effective against Candida (but not against dermatophyte infections, thus requiring a definite diagnosis ).
Such organisms are therefore termed parasites and medical parasitology is the study of protozoa and helminth infections of man.
Strategies to reduce the number of poultry carrying foodborne pathogens could potentially decrease the number of human infections.
To date, all evidence indicates that patients have acquired their infections following close contact with diseased poultry.
Post transfusion purpura (5) accounted for 1.7% and 4 transfusion transmitted infections were reported.
How should I manage athlete's foot, groin infections, and skin ringworm?
Infections during pregnancy, e.g. rubella or encephalitis, can also lead to cp.
Upper respiratory tract infections caused by organisms sensitive to cefpodoxime, including sinusitis.
When the foliage dries more quickly, infections are reduced since, like almost all fungal spores, rust spores require water for germination.
They may also be complicated by a range of bacterial infections including tetanus.
These include infections of the skin and eyes (e.g. trachoma) and infections carried by lice, e.g. louse-borne epidemic typhus.
Holidays where limbs are in contact with forest undergrowth or tall grasses put people at particular risk from these infections.
This document describes what equine recurrent uveitis and leptospirosis infections are, diagnosis, and available treatments.
For example, in countries where filarial worms were once very common, lots of people were dying of the parasite infections.
Vitamin C and the mineral zinc strengthen the immune system to cope with other infections during the candida infestation.
Thus, for example, as generations succeed one another, nervous disorders appear in various guise; epilepsy, megrim, insanity, asthma, hysteria, neurasthenia, a motley array at first sight, seemed to reveal themselves as terms of a morbid series; not only so, but certain disorders of other systems also might be members of the series, such as certain diseases of the skin, and even peculiar susceptibilities or immunities in respect of infections from without.
On the other hand, not a few disorders proved to be alien to classes to which narrower views of causation had referred them; of such are tabes dorsalis, neuritis, infantile palsy or tetanus, now removed from the category of primary nervous diseases and placed in one or other of the class of infections; or, conversely, certain forms of disease of the joints are now regarded with some certainty as members of more than one series of diseases chiefly manifest in the nervous system.
Viral infections normally develop with small vesicles or pustules on the skin as the first signs that are noticed.
During the winter months respiratory tract infections with a variety of viruses are more common.
These results show a potential for an alternative approach in preventing ringworm infections in companion animals.
How should I manage athlete 's foot, groin infections, and skin ringworm?
This in turn would mean we would be less able to prevent future spread of infections.
In the squalor of the intensive chicken house infections spread like wildfire.
Staphylococcus epidermidis is the main culprit for causing implant infections.
Use as a spray for treatment of infections or neat to sterilize equipment when cleaning.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause, accounting for nearly 40% of infections.
These childhood infections have been blown out of such proportion that parents of today are terrified of the thought of them.
Thrush infections usually appear in the mouth (oral thrush) or genitals.
Oral medication needs to be taken for 6 weeks for fingernail infections and for 3 months for toenail infections.
Sexually transmissible infections are on the rise within society.
Infections transmissible by transfusion Over the past 30 years, the viruses that cause hepatitis B, AIDS and hepatitis C have been identified.
Using condoms reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
Increasingly sophisticated measures have reduced the risks of infections transmitted by blood transfusion.
There are a number of other digenean trematode infections.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections require treatment with combinations of three or four agents for at least six months.
Female calves become milk machines like their mothers, suffering chronic lameness, painful udder infections and constant hunger.
Regular bubble bath use is associated with a high rate of urogenital infections.
To fight age-related diseases such as infections, urogenital tract diseases, tumors, Alzheimer 's dementia, and atherosclerosis.
Zinc helps build energetic white blood cells (which eliminate bacterial infections).
Too little fluid can increase the risk of urine infections, tiredness, headaches, constipation, and thus worsen existing MS symptoms.
Often young birds acquire the infections from the hen or through navel or yolk sac infections.
Pat's immune disorder made her especially vulnerable to infections, so she tried to avoid crowded public places.
Somebacteriacan cause infections, but others are harmless or even helpful to the human body.
Many pediatricians discourage them simply because of the correlation between pacifier use and the increased incidents of ear infections.
Unfortunately, your baby will suffer occasional bouts with childhood illnesses, such as colds, ear infections, sore throats, stomach viruses, etc. You'll want to keep him as comfortable as possible and well-hydrated.
There are actually several kinds of rashes, and some rashes are actually yeast infections, which can be more difficult to treat.
Yeast infection-Yeast infections usually last longer than typical rashes, and they can be more stubborn.
It is interesting to note that minor infections are quite commonly found in SIDS affected babies.
However, such infections are hardly a causative death factor in infants not affected by death.
However, you will need to clean in the folds of her skin very carefully, and you should also wipe from front to back to prevent the spread of bacteria, which could lead to urinary tract infections.
Change your little one's diaper as soon as you realize he or she is wet or dirty to reduce the risk of skin irritations and infections.
Also, mothers who have a tendency towards plugged ducts and mastitis infections may want to forgo the underwire styles which can only exacerbate such problems.
Some mothers are more prone to plugged ducts and mastitis infections than others.
In some cases, the sports bra may act as a moisture trap which may, again, aggravate or lead to mastitis infections.
Yeast diaper rashes are skin infections that occur due to an overgrowth of fungus that is normally found in the gastrointestinal tract.
Your new PC will come bundled with Norton or MacAfee limited subscription anti-virus programs which can protect you against some virus infections, but are limited on spyware.
Sweaty feet can be prone to irritation and infections.
Additionally, BitDefender 10 offers advanced spyware protection against new, unidentified infections, which are often the most problematic.
Oil-based lubricants may also cause yeast infections in women, can be difficult to wash off, and have a tendency to stain.
Millions of cats are diagnosed with urinary tract infections each year.
If not detected early, these infections can quickly become severe and even cause death.
The symptoms of feline distemper put a lot of stress on the immune system, so opportunistic infections quickly follow.
Kittens are highly susceptible to respiratory infections, so runny, crusty eyes are often thought to be a direct symptom of distemper, when they are actually a symptom of the secondary illness.
There wasn't anything wrong with either of them like bladder infections or stones because I had the vet check them out.
It has also been used to treat behavioral problems and skin infections.
This disease can cause a lot of respiratory infections and seems to impact very young and very old cats the most.
Urinary tract infections are the most common cause of this kind of problem.
Hills does offer a food specifically formulated to help prevent urinary tract infections but there are other brands out there that accomplish this as well.
Cleaning the eye area with a damp cloth can help prevent eye infections and keep the area clear of crusty debris.
These infections are easy to identify when you know which symptoms to look for.
In this stage, the animal will have infections of bone marrow and other tissue and will be considered terminally infected.
Cats in the secondary stage will often suffer repeated bone marrow infections and weakened immunity that will make them more susceptible to external and internal pathogens.
According to Doctors Foster and Smith, ear infections account for nearly seven percent of office visits to the veterinarian.
One of the most common causes of ear infections, cat ear mites are small parasites that can cause permanent damage to your pet if left untreated.
The intense itching puts your cat at risk for secondary bacterial and fungal infections from scratching at her ears and perhaps causing open wounds.
These factors can help the healing process and avoid post-surgery infections.
Some cats may also suffer from recurrent infections and, in the most severe cases, a cat may become crippled as a result of the surgery.
It's fairly common to encounter upper respiratory infections in cats, but that doesn't make these infections any less harmful.
Upper respiratory infections are usually caused by two major viruses that are very easily spread.
Bacterial causes typically indicate infections by chlamydia and bordetella, and even mycoplasmas, the latter of which is a bacteria that actually lacks a cell wall.
According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, there are several symptoms that are endemic to these infections.
Even depression has been implicated in upper respiratory infections.
Respiratory infections caused by the herpesvirus can sometimes result in reproductive troubles, including the abortion of a pregnancy.
The trouble with so many of the pathogenic causes of respiratory infections is that they cannot be eliminated.
There are vaccines available for some of the viral causes, but these vaccines do little to prevent the infections.
Prevention is key when it comes to mitigating respiratory infections and also lowering the chances that these organisms will spread.
Purchasing your cat from a breeder that has no outstanding history of feline respiratory infections is a good start, but it is no guarantee.
Even if your cat already harbors the organisms responsible for respiratory infections, there are preventive measures you can take to improve your cat's overall immunity.
Even chlorine bleach can irritate your cat's nasal passage andmake the animal more susceptible to infections.
The U.S. Pharmacists' website cites several studies demonstrating tea tree oil's effectiveness again yeast and fungal infections of the skin and mucosa.
Other fungal infections that respond well to tea tree oil include fingernail or toenail fungus infections.
Please see a medical professional for repeated infections or boils that don't respond to treatment.
Tea tree oil antifungal treatment is very effective against all kinds of fungal infections, as well as many bacterial and viral infections.
Most other fungal infections do not take as long to eradicate as nail infections.
Tea tree oil is a natural, effective defense against all types of external fungal infections.
Boils, or staphylococcus infections of the hair follicle, frequently occur in the groin, neck, and armpit area.
For recurrent Candida or yeast infections, please see a physician, since this can be a hint of an underlying medical condition that needs prompt treatment.
Uncomfortable and sometimes downright painful, yeast infections cause a burning, itching sensation.
Some symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) such as trichomas or 'trich' mimic yeast infections, but if left untreated they can cause fertility problems.
Yeast infections, particularly reoccurring yeast infections, should be treated holistically.
There are numerous other homeopathic remedies used to treat yeast infections.
By far the best-known and studied herb to treat infections is tea tree oil.
For thousands of years, aloe vera has been used to treat wounds and infections.
Due to its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties, it has been used throughout the world to treat skin conditions and infections.
While limited scientific studies have been done on the benefits of goldenseal, a long history of use by Native American tribes of North America make goldenseal a popular choice for colds, flu, and various infections diseases.
According to the National Center for Complimentary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), berberine shows some promise fighting infections, especially eye infections and infectious diarrhea.
They often crushed the leaves to use for burns, infections, cuts, and abrasions.
In Australia, tea tree oil was a common treatment for infections until the advent of penicillin.
Ozonated olive oil is a natural treatment for infections and inflammation of the skin.
It has been clinically proven to be an effective treatment for a wide variety of skin conditions, acting both to prevent infections and speed the healing process.
The list encompasses a hugely diverse range of conditions and runs the gamut of viral, bacterial and fungal infections.
Over time, fungal infections can lead to scarring of the hair follicles, rendering them incapable of supporting hair growth.
A mixture of apple cider vinegar and sage is a common and effective treatment for stimulating hair growth as well as treating any fungal infections that might be present.
The pain associated with urinary tract infections can also be reduced by taking slippery elm.
Women's health issues addressed with Hyland's products include menstrual cramps, PMS, menopause, bladder infections, vaginitis and incontinence.
St. John's Wort also can be used to treat other conditions, such as skin inflammation, wounds or burns, recurring ear infections and vitiligo, which is a skin pigmentation disorder.
Though often used in the United States as a treatment for respiratory infections, studies regarding effectiveness have been inconclusive.
Deadly nightshade is used for various types of infections, particularly if someone is flushed or feverish.
Only a physician can diagnose kidney stones, kidney infections and other kidney-related ailments.
Uva ursi is a good herb for both urinary tract infections and kidney cleansing.
The eyeliner needs replacing every 30 days to avoid eye infections.
It is one of the main components in natural medicines used to fight candida and other yeast infections.
Your lung function increases, improving your circulation and decreasing your risk for respiratory infections and heart disease.
People who use heroin may also develop infections in the lining of the heart or its valves.
Bacterial infections of the soft tissue are not uncommon.
Typical patients would include those with natural hearing loss due to aging, hearing loss due to an injury in the workplace such as loud noise, and those with a hearing defect due to trauma at birth, genetic disorders and viral infections.
If untreated, these infections can lead to deafness.
Floppy eared dogs, like beagles and cocker spaniels, are more prone to ear infections because moisture and dirt is easily trapped in their ear canals.
Viruses and infections take over a small dog's system much more quickly than a large dog's and they go down hill rapidly.
This infection alone is neither particularly painful nor serious, but it does weaken the animal's immune system and leaves the dog more vulnerable to serious and potentially fatal secondary infections such as pneumonia or bronchitis.
Keep the animal warm and dry to prevent the onset of serious infections, particularly in cold climates.
Characterized by coughing, nasal and eye discharge, fever, listlessness and appetite loss, the illness is not life-threatening by itself but can lead to potentially fatal secondary infections.
Worm infections can precipitate other circulatory conditions, causing even more complications.
Supplementary treatment may also be necessary to help repair the parasite's damage to the heart and lungs, and the animal may be susceptible to pulmonary infections for some time afterwards.
This can help to ward off ear infections and ear mite infestation.
Fleas have been a big problem across the country this year and once a dog begins to scratch, the skin can be open to secondary infections.
Scratching can lead to secondary skin infections that will only make the situation worse.
The skin is then open to secondary bacterial infections that can cause oozing at the site.
As a dog's system becomes more run down, it's harder to fight off secondary infections such as skin infections.
Other bitches succumb to post delivery infections.
Once this happens, your dog is subject to deeper bronchial infections and life-threatening pneumonia.
Shih Tzus and Maltese tend to grow hair in their ears, and this makes them especially susceptible to ear infections because of the reduced air flow.
Many chronic ear infections can also be tied to this organism.
A simple case of kennel cough will clear up on its own over time, provided that there is no occurrence of secondary infections.
Perhaps the greatest risk at this time is the patient's vulnerability to secondary infections.
This is also a common symptom of allergies that can become secondary infections if left untreated.
From dry, itchy coats to yeast infections of the pads and ears, skin allergies plague many dogs.
In addition to preventing heartworm, Interceptor® also works to prevent roundworms and whipworm infections in dogs.
By employing a few safety measures, not only will you both enjoy your travels, but you can help to prevent any strange eye or ear infections from popping up while on your trip.
Many issues with ear infections or stomach problems were eliminated through raw diets.
Dogs that live outside in moist conditions may be more susceptible to fungal infections.
Prevention, Compliance, Screening and Periodic Testing outlines the latest recommendations for how to educate pet owners to prevent heartworm disease infections in their pets.
Infections in Other Species discusses heartworm disease in non-canine cases such as felines, ferrets and humans.
Another reason why storing earrings safely is important is that earrings for pierced ears in particular must be kept clean to avoid causing infections.
Other physical healing properties include pleurisy of the blood, heart disease, and lung infections.
In addition, its energies can aid in digestion and relieve eye infections.
Some say it also helps relieve disorders of the skin and eyes and heals various infections.
Ancient cultures believed that the ruby was a healing stone that could cure all manner of blood disorders and infections.
Many users report improved health, but likewise there are complaints of upset stomachs, yeast infections, allergic reactions and headaches brought on by using it.
This increases their immune system, making them less vulnerable to diseases and infections.
The root has been used throughout history to treat a variety of illnesses, including respiratory infections, canker sores, arthritis, urinary tract infections, and more.
These ingredients are common allergens which can cause allergy-related symptoms such as excessive licking, hair loss, and greater frequency of ear infections.
Systemic fungal infections also are a major hazard with long-term exposure.
These fungal infections are tough to treat and can be fatal if they go undiagnosed.
Being aware of the guidelines for proper food handling, preparation and storage is more important than ever, as the incidences of foodborne diseases, illnesses and infections continue to rise.
Flood water contains bacteria that cause infections if exposed to an open wound or a skin condition such as psoriasis.
People who suffer from CHF are far more susceptible to infections which can aggravate their heart condition.
This may be from infections, injuries to the area, tumors and even degenerative brain disorders.
Accidental infections can occur in laboratory settings through mishandling of infected blood.
This version of the illness causes chronic infections.
These symptoms may be similar to many other infections.
The surgery may cause difficulty in speaking, emotional issues with the altered appearance of the throat, and a higher risk of developing lung infections.
If severe, these problems can lead to sinus or throat infections and conjunctivitis.
These CPAP problems may make wearing your mask painful, and untreated sores or rashes are prone to bacterial infections.
Nasal problems, including allergies, infections, and a deviated nasal septum, can cause blocked airways and make breathing more difficult.
Asthma, colds, sinus infections, and other conditions that cause nasal or sinus congestion can all lead to snoring.
Medications are useful when nasal congestion, infections, or asthma cause or contribute to snoring.
Untreated allergies, asthma, nasal polyps, and sinus infections can all cause or worsen snoring.
Insomnia can lead to psychiatric disorders like depression or anxiety, and it can increase your risk for infections and other diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes.
Another reason why you have to take care of your lenses is because it prevents you from getting any eye irritation or infections.
Some severe eye infections are caused by a toxic reaction to the lens or lens solution, so it's important to visit your eye doctor for a proper fitting and contact lens care instructions.
Doing so will just spread microorganisms from one person to another, potentially causing infections.
Wear them with a costume or without, but just be sure to care for them properly to avoid eye infections.
Keeping your hands clean is essential to preventing any unnecessary eye infections.
This is also a way to clean your lenses daily and keep them free from bacteria which can lead to eye infections.
Improper care can lead to eye infections.
However, there are indications that viral infections or autoimmune mechanisms may be responsible for the development of biliary atresia.
The key component in colostrum and breast milk is immunoglobulins or antibodies that serve to protect the infant against infections or viruses.
As a result, breast-fed babies have fewer ear infections, diarrhea, rashes, allergies, and other medical problems than bottle-fed babies.
These piercings have been associated with infections, tooth fractures, periodontal disease, and nerve damage.
Parents should report any such symptoms to the pediatrician along with unexplained fever or frequent infections.
Food allergies are also known to play a secondary role in many chronic conditions, such as asthma, acne, ear infections, eczema, headaches, and hay fever.
The physician will also exclude other potential causes for the symptoms and rash, including rubella, infectious mononucleosis, bacterial infections such as Lyme disease, allergic reactions, and lupus.
The doctor will begin by ruling out such other possible diagnoses as bacterial or viral infections, collagen vascular disease, hypersensitivity reactions, and malignant tumors.
The child's doctor may be able to narrow the diagnostic possibilities on the basis of the patient's age, sex, ethnicity, and a history of recent vaccinations or upper respiratory infections.
Apart from minimizing a child's exposure to strep throat and similar upper respiratory infections, there is nothing that parents can do to prevent vasculitis in children, in that the cause(s) of these disorders are still unknown.
Streptococcal (strep) infections are communicable diseases that develop when bacteria of the family Streptococcus invade parts of the body and contaminate blood or tissue.
Primary strep infections invade healthy tissue and most often affect the throat.
Secondary strep infections invade tissue already weakened by injury or illness.
Both primary and secondary strep infections can travel from affected tissues to lymph glands, enter the bloodstream, and spread throughout the body.
Group D strep (GDS) is a common cause of wound infections in hospital patients.
A pregnant woman who has GBS infection can develop infections of the bladder, blood, and urinary tract, and deliver a baby who is infected or stillborn.
Between 10,000 and 15,000 invasive GAS infections occur in the United States every year.
There are millions of cases of strep throat every year, and similar numbers of cases of relatively mild skin infections.
Infections caused by the other types of strep are rare.
Conventional medicine is very successful in treating strep infections.
About 10 to 15 percent of non-GAS strep infections are fatal.
Strep infections can develop into life-threatening or debilitating problems if not treated promptly.
A TORCH test is performed to help screen for certain virus infections in infants who may have been exposed to a causative organism.
Besides general symptoms that may encourage a pediatrician to order the TORCH panel of tests, each of the TORCH infections has its own origins and may have a characteristic cluster of symptoms in newborns.
Cytomegalovirus belongs to the herpesvirus group of infections.
Herpesvirus infections are among the most common viral infections in humans.
It is estimated that between one in 1,000 and one in 5,000 infants are born with HSV infections.
About 80 percent of these infections are acquired during the birth process itself; the virus enters the infant through its eyes, skin, mouth, and upper respiratory tract.
Of infants born with HSV infection, about 20 percent have localized infections of the eyes, mouth, or skin.
Disseminated herpes infections attack the liver and adrenal glands, as well as other body organs.
In HSV infections, tissue culture is the best method to confirm the diagnosis.
It is the most common type of immunoglobulin in newborns and, therefore, the most useful indicator of the presence of one of the TORCH virus infections.
Bacteria-Singular, bacterium; tiny, one-celled forms of life that cause many diseases and infections.
Some statistics quote one in 200 infections as leading to paralysis, while others state that one in 1,000 cases reach the central nervous system (CNS).
The minor illness accounts for 80 to 90 percent of clinical infections and is found mostly in young children.
Such infections may be congenital, having been passed from the mother to the fetus, or may occur after birth.
Fevers are caused in most cases by viral or bacterial infections, such as otitis media (ear infection), upper respiratory infection, pharyngitis (throat infection), pneumonia, chickenpox, and urinary tract infection.
For example, viral infection is usually associated with an increase in lymphocytes, while bacterial and fungal infections are associated with an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils).
These yeast mouth infections cause creamy white, curd-like patches on the tongue, inside of the mouth, and on the back of the throat.
Candida is a common cause of vaginal infections in adolescent girls, especially when the normal populations of the bacteria Lactobacilli have been reduced due to antibiotic use, allowing the overgrowth of Candida.
Over 1 million adult women and adolescent girls in the United States develop vaginal yeast infections each year.
Skin infections can be treated with topical antifungal creams.
However, in premature infants, in children with poor or compromised immune systems, or in children with deep organ or systematic infections, eradication of the infections may be more difficult to achieve.
For children who are susceptible to candidiasis because of immune deficiencies, the regular use of antifungal drugs to prevent infections may be required.
Wounds and infections must be treated with care because tissue healing may be poor.
Children with sickle cell disorders are at risk of developing severe infections, and penicillin is usually prescribed to prevent dangerous pneumococcal infections.
Croup accounts for about 15 percent of all respiratory tract infections in children seen by physicians.
The best way to prevent croup is to prevent the causative infections.
Vaccinations are an effective method of preventing certain disease such as polio, tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria, influenza, hepatitis b, and pneumococcal infections.
About 45,000 adults each year die of diseases related to hepatitis B, pneumococcal and influenza infections.
Infections caused by lack of immunizations can either be detected by conducting physical examination and culturing the specific microorganism in the laboratory.
People who already have kidney or liver disease or liver infections should also consult with a physician before using the drug.
Sore throat may be caused by either viral or bacterial infections or environmental conditions.
Sore throats are most common during the winter months when upper respiratory infections (colds) are more frequent.
These may also cause infections of the lungs and ears.
Nearly 90 percent of mononucleosis infections are mild.
It causes infections that can be either acute or chronic.
It is estimated that about one third of women with active infections pass the infection along to their fetus.
Severe infections lead to seizure disorders, neurological disorders, abnormal muscle tone, deafness, partial or complete blindness caused by a condition called chorioretinitis, and mental retardation.
It may be triggered by other infections, such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever or ringworm.
However, second infections are less severe than the first infections.
By the time a child has had two infections, the chance of subsequent severe infection is remote.
Most of the infections resolve spontaneously.
Spasticity may be aggravated by temperature extremes, humidity, skin problems such as a pressure ulcer or ingrown toenail, bladder or bowel problems, infections, and sometimes tight clothing.
These students appear to have a somewhat higher risk of meningococcal infections.
Acquiring trachoma does not provide immunity against re-infection, so repeat infections are the norm in many communities where the disease circulates continuously among family members.
After repeated infections, the eyelids swell and the eyelashes begin to turn inward so that they scratch the cornea every time the individual blinks.
Repeated infections eventually lead to contraction and turning-in of the eyelids.
Individuals with complications from untreated or repeated infections require surgery.
If the infection has progressed to the stage of follicle development, prevention of blindness depends on the size of the follicles, the presence of additional bacterial infections, and the development of scarring.
It is also rich in the antibody immunoglobin A, which helps protect against infections.
Maternal infections and illnesses such as glandular disorders, rubella, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus infection may cause mental retardation.
In that age group, it is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, pneumonia, joint and bone infections, and throat inflammations.
The mucus is also a rich source of nutrients for bacteria, leading to frequent infections.
For unknown reasons, recurrent respiratory infections lead to digital clubbing, in which the last joint of the fingers and toes becomes slightly enlarged.
Symptoms include labored breathing, the inability to forcefully blow air out of the lungs, and an increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infections.
Fevers are primarily caused by viral or bacterial infections, such as pneumonia or influenza.
Most fevers caused by infections are acute, appearing suddenly and then dissipating as the immune system defeats the infectious agent.
This state of malnutrition is often characterized by infections and disease.
The inflammation may be caused by conditions in the mouth itself, such as poor hygiene, from burns from hot food or drinks, or by conditions that affect the entire body, such as medications, allergic reactions, or infections.
In addition, they may be triggered by emotional stress; nutritional deficiencies of iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12; menstrual periods; food allergies; or viral infections.
To prevent bacterial infections from developing, parents should encourage their child to brush and floss teeth regularly.
The pinworm Enterobius vermicularis is one of the most common nematode parasitic infections of humans in North America and Europe.
There are no differences in pinworm infections on the basis of race or socioeconomic class.
Pinworm infections can be asymptomatic or result in mild gastrointestinal upsets.
Scratching of the perianal skin to relieve the itching can lead to bacterial infections that result in more itching, etc. Eventually, this cycle produces a great deal of discomfort.
Scarlet fever is caused by group A streptococcal bacteria (S. pyogenes), highly toxic microbes that can also cause strep throat, wound or skin infections, pneumonia, and serious kidney infections.
However, if these allergies are left untreated, infants and children may be more likely to develop chronic allergies, asthma, and respiratory infections later in life.
Adenoviruses are small infectious agents that cause upper respiratory tract infections, conjunctivitis, and other infections in humans.
Adenovirus infections can occur throughout the year, unlike the seasonality associated with other respiratory viruses.
In children, adenoviruses most often cause acute upper respiratory infections with fever and runny nose.
Adenovirus types 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 are responsible for most of these infections.
Specific adenovirus infections can be traced to particular sources and produce distinctive symptoms.
Infections often occur in situations in which individuals are in close contact with one another, such as the military, cruise ships, or college dormitories.
Most adults have acquired immunity to multiple adenovirus types due to infections they had as children.
Adenoviruses are responsible for 3 to 5 percent of acute respiratory infections in children.
Most adenovirus infections occur between the ages of six months and five years.
Although symptoms may suggest the presence of adenovirus, distinguishing these infections from other viruses can be difficult.
Treatment of adenovirus infections is usually supportive and aimed at relieving symptoms of the illness.
Eye infections may benefit from topical corticosteroids to relieve symptoms and shorten the course of the disease.
In otherwise healthy children, adenovirus infections are rarely fatal, and most patients recover fully.
Environmental factors associated with schizophrenia include birth complications, viral infections during infancy, and head injuries in childhood.
Herpes simplex, recurrent corneal erosion (RCE), and acanthamoeba infections are other conditions that can mimic a corneal abrasion but which require very different treatments.
Between active infections, the virus is latent.
At some point in the future, latent viruses become activated and once again cause sores or recurrent infections.
Although it is unknown what triggers latent virus to activate, several conditions bring on infections.
These viral infections are more common in lower socioeconomic groups.
Symptoms of the primary infection are usually more severe than those of recurrent infections.
The primary infection can cause symptoms like other viral infections, including fatigue, headache, fever, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
The herpes infection prodrome occurs in both the primary infection and recurrent infections.
Approximately 85 percent of active herpes infections are without symptoms.
There is no cure for herpes virus infections.
If children are prone to recurrent viral infections, parents should review their eating habits.
Some foods may be increased or reduced for specific types of viral infections.
All contagious disease is infectious, but not all infections are contagious.
Doctors pay special attention to the ears, nose, throat, sinuses, and chest as sites of infection, since most childhood infections are respiratory in nature.
The decrease in infections as a cause of FUO is due in part to improved culture techniques that allow more precise identification of organisms and, therefore, more appropriate treatment.
For children experiencing serious or recurrent urinary tract infections, the pediatrician will search for underlying abnormalities.
Once correction of the cause is addressed and there is unimpeded flow of urine, adequate fluid intake can contribute to prevention of future infections.
Monitoring for recurrent infections is always a good idea, and occasional checking of kidney function will detect hidden ongoing damage.
The characteristic symptoms are lack of balance, slurred speech, and perhaps a higher-than-normal number of infections.
Variable immunodeficiency resulting in increased vulnerability to infections.
The infections most commonly involve the lungs and sinuses and are usually of bacterial or viral origin.
During this period, a history of recurrent infections and typical immunologic findings can suggest the diagnosis.
It helps to regulate the immune system's response to infections or malignancy.
Even within families, in which the specific genetic defect should be the same, some children have mostly neurologic problems while others have recurrent infections, and still others have neither neurologic problems nor recurrent infections.
Ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfonamide have been used successfully in the treatment of infections caused by chloramphenicol-resistant strains.
Several infections can result in symptoms similar to FMF (Mallaret meningitis, for instance), and many people with FMF undergo exploratory abdominal surgery and ineffective treatments before they are finally diagnosed.
Secondary amyloidosis occurs in patients suffering from chronic infections or inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease.
Leukocytosis is a common reaction to infections.
This may occur for many reasons, including Chiari malformation, abnormal cysts within the brain, and infections such as meningitis.
It can lead to respiratory infections, ulcers, and even cancer.
Children often have frequent sore throats when they wake up in the morning, sinus infections, bronchitis, and dry coughs.
Other children have frequent ear infections or drool a lot.
Stridor as a complication of bacterial infections is also common in children under age eight.
Taking precautions against colds and bronchial infections (washing hands, not sharing dishes, avoiding sick people) can cut down on stridor from infective causes.
Chest x rays may help indicate the presence and extent of such infections as pneumonia or tuberculosis.
However, some studies have shown that in acute infections, simply increasing fluid intake has the same thinning effect as taking expectorants.
Coughs due to bacterial or viral upper respiratory infections may be effectively treated with botanical and homeopathic therapies.
Viral and bacterial infections are the most common causes of acute diarrhea.
Diarrhea is caused by infections or illnesses that either lead to excess production of fluids or prevent absorption of fluids.
The most common causes of acute diarrhea are infections (the cause of traveler's diarrhea), food poisoning, and medications.
Chronic diarrhea is frequently due to many of the same things that cause the shorter episodes (infections, medications, etc.); however, symptoms last longer.
This occurs mainly with parasitic infections (such as Giardia) or when people have altered immunity (such as AIDS).
Many exams are the same as for an acute episode, as some infections and parasites cause both types of diarrhea.
The occurrence of some infections during pregnancy, including viral infections such as rubella (German measles), can cause congenital cardiovascular defects.
Canker sores are bacterial infections and not contagious.
Systemic steroids may help children with chronic ear infections, but the evidence that these drugs are beneficial is not clear, and there are risks associated with steroid use.
Abscess infections, especially of bone, are difficult to treat and require long term antibiotic therapy to prevent a reoccurrence of infection.
Measles infections appear all over the world.
Bacterial infections, such as ear infections, sinus infections, and pneumonia are common, especially in children.
Other viral infections may also strike the patient, including croup, bronchitis, laryngitis, or viral pneumonia.
They cause a wide variety of infections including scarlet fever, tonsillitis, and pneumonia.
Perinatal morbidity is associated with infections, reactions to anesthesia agents, blood clots, and bleeding.
Of the hundreds of thousands of women in the United States who undergo a c-section each year, about 500 die from serious infections, hemorrhaging, or other complications.
For fungal infections such as tinea capitis, treatment usually requires a systemic approach with an oral anti-fungal prescription medication such as griseofulvin (Fulvicin).
Highly contagious fungal infections such as tinea capitis, for example, may be prevented by keeping hair clean and by teaching children not to share hats, combs, or hair brushes.
Some prenatal factors known to contribute to growth retardation include a variety of maternal health problems, including toxemia, kidney and heart disease, infections such as rubella and maternal malnutrition.
Children with SCID are vulnerable to recurrent severe infections, retarded growth, and early death.
The immune system is composed of elements that are needed for the body to fight infections by recognizing disease agents and attacking them.
When the immune system does not function correctly, the child is left open to repeated severe diseases and infections.
As early as three months of age, however, the SCID child begins to suffer from mouth infections (thrush), chronic diarrhea, otitis media, and pulmonary infections, including pneumocystis pneumonia.
If a child has unusual infections, unusually severe infections, infections with unusual organisms, or unusual complications of usual infections, a doctor should be consulted to evaluate for possible immune deficiency.
It is also linked to the higher risk they appear to suffer from ear infections and hearing loss.
Several maternal-fetal infections are known to increase the risk for CP, including rubella (German measles, now rare in the United States), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and toxoplasmosis.
Each of these infections is considered a risk to the fetus only if the mother contracts it for the first time during that pregnancy.
Structural abnormalities of the placenta, premature detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall (abruption), and placental infections (chorioamnionitis) are thought to pose some risk for CP.
Serious infections that affect the brain directly, such as meningitis and encephalitis, may cause irreversible damage to the brain, leading to CP.
Finally, the risk of CP can be decreased through good maternal nutrition, avoidance of drugs and alcohol during pregnancy, and prevention or prompt treatment of infections.
Many of these children have breathing difficulties, and respiratory infections are common.
This deficit may result, in part, from hydrocephaly and/or infections of the nervous system.
The rash caused by the rubella virus and the accompanying symptoms are so similar to other viral infections that it is impossible for a physician to make a confirmed diagnosis on visual examination alone.
Seventeen percent of these students reported medical complications from the piercing, ranging from skin or cartilage infections to periodic bleeding from the nose.
Nasal injuries from piercing include bacterial infections of the skin and nasal cartilage, allergic reactions to the jewelry, tissue damage, and periodic bleeding.
Infections or allergic reactions caused by foreign objects in the nose or piercing usually clear up promptly once the object or piece of jewelry is removed.
Herpes viruses cause several infections, all characterized by blisters and ulcers, including chickenpox, shingles, genital herpes, and cold sores or fever blisters.
Erythrodermic psoriasis interferes with the body's ability to control temperature and prevent infections.
Streptococcal infections are associated with guttate psoriasis and some plaque psoriasis cases.
If there are signs of infections, such as red streaks on the skin or pus, or if there is fever or increased pain, the doctor should be called immediately.
It is often a complication of bacterial infections, although it can also be caused by viruses or other disease agents.
It is part of the immune system, which protects against and fights infections, inflammation, and cancers.
The lymph nodes are small structures that filter the lymph fluid and contain many white blood cells to fight infections.
Lymphadenitis in children often occurs in the neck area because these lymph nodes are close to the ears and throat, which are frequent locations of bacterial infections in children.
Lymphadenitis and lymphangitis are common complications of bacterial infections.
Open fractures may lead to bone infections, which delay the healing process.
Damage from recurrent blistering and associated skin infections can be severe.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a virus that can cause severe lower respiratory infections in children younger than two years of age and milder upper respiratory infections in older children and adults.
Breathing problems occur in RSV infections because the bronchioles swell, making it difficult for air to get in and out of the lungs.
In the United States, RSV infections are responsible for 90,000 hospitalizations and 4,500 deaths each year.
Opportunistic bacterial infections that take advantage of a weakened respiratory system may cause ear, sinus, and throat infections or pneumonia.
Children who suffer repeated infections seem to be more likely to develop asthma in later life.
Though studies indicate that uncircumcised boys under the age of five are 20 times more likely than circumcised boys to have urinary tract infections (UTIs), the rate of incidence of UTIs is quite low.
Good hygiene usually prevents most infections of the penis.
Infections are rare and present with fever and signs of inflammation.
Most infections are confined to the wound site, but many of the microorganisms in the mouths of dogs can cause systemic and possibly life-threatening infections.
Enterobacterial infections are disorders of the digestive tract and other organ systems produced by a group of rod-shaped bacteria called Enterobacteriaceae.
Enterobacterial infections can be produced by bacteria that normally live in the human digestive tract without causing serious disease or by bacteria that enter from the outside.
Enterobacterial infections in the digestive tract typically start when the organisms invade the mucous tissues that line the digestive tract.
It is also possible for enterobacterial infections to spread by person-to-person contact.
In many cases these infections are nosocomial, which means that they can be acquired in the hospital.
Enterobacterial infections are one of the two leading killers of children in developing countries.
E. coli infections cause most of the enterobacterial infections in the United States.
Klebsiella and Proteus sometimes cause urinary tract infections; pneumonia occurs generally in immunocompromised hosts or alcoholics, and ear and sinus infections in immunocompromised hosts.
The symptoms of enterobacterial infections are sometimes classified according to the type of diarrhea they produce.
The diagnosis of enterobacterial infections is complicated by the fact that viruses, protozoa, and other types of bacteria can also cause diarrhea.
Examining a stool sample under a microscope can help to rule out parasitic and protozoal infections.
Routine stool cultures, however, cannot be used to identify any of the four types of E. coli that cause intestinal infections.
Empiric means that the doctor treats the patient on the basis of the visible symptoms and professional experience in treating infections, without waiting for laboratory test results.
Because of the extensive media coverage that often follows outbreaks of enterobacterial infections such as E. coli, many parents associate such infections with eating undercooked meat such as hamburger.
The Hib vaccine is an injection that helps protect children from contracting infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), a bacterium that is capable of causing serious illness and potential death in children under age five.
It can be caused by nearly any class of organism known to cause human infections, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Wearing contact lenses increases the risk of corneal damage and eye infections.
Styes and chalazia are infections and inflammations of the tiny oil glands on the eyelids.
Styes and internal hordeola in children are usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacterial infections that are transmitted from a child's eyes and nose.
Protecting the eyes from dust and air pollution by using safety glasses when doing dusky work outdoors, such as raking leaves, can also help prevent eye infections.
Conjunctivitis is an extremely common eye disease because the conjunctiva is continually exposed to microorganisms and environmental agents that can cause infections or allergic reactions.
Conjunctivitis due to a viral infection, particularly those due to adenoviruses, are usually treated by applying warm compresses to the affected area and using topical antibiotic ointments to prevent secondary bacterial infections.
Adenovirus-A type of virus that can cause upper respiratory tract infections.
Herpes simplex 1 infections usually occur on the face (cold sores) and herpes simplex 2 infections usually occur in the genital region.
Physicians may prescribe these drugs to treat eye infections, pneumonia, gonorrhea, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, urinary tract infections, certain bacteria that could be used in biological weapons, and other infections caused by bacteria.
The tetracyclines will not work for colds, flu, and other infections caused by viruses.
All tetracyclines are used for treatment of infections in patients over the age of eight years.
In addition to their role in treating infections, tetracyclines have a wide range of other uses.
These include protection against some types of malaria and treatment of some of the infections that might be used in bioterrorism.
Although it is recommended that tetracyclines not be given to children under the age of eight, the drug is sometimes required in severe infections.
Tetracyclines may be required for children who have developed infections either in hospitals or while traveling overseas.
Rapid and complete treatment of ear infections significantly lowers the risk of developing mastoiditis.
Parents should be aware that ear infections are very common in children, especially those younger than two years of age.
Other types of strep infections (such as of the skin) do not put the patient at risk for RF.
Prevention of the development of RF involves proper diagnosis of initial strep throat infections and adequate treatment within 10 days with an appropriate antibiotic.
Children who have had rheumatic fever need to take extra precautions to ensure they do not have repeat attacks triggered by strep infections.
Human bite infections are potentially serious injuries that develop when a person's teeth break the skin of the hand or other body part and introduce saliva containing disease organisms below the skin surface.
Closed-fist and chomping injuries account for most human bite infections.
In one study done in a California hospital, closed-fist injuries accounted for 56 percent of the human bite infections treated, with the remaining 44 percent caused by occlusional bites.
In children, bite infections result either from accidents during play or from fighting.
A similar chain of events is involved in infections of chomping injuries.
Infections that begin less than 24 hours after the injury are usually produced by a mixture of organisms and can produce a necrotizing infection (causing the death of a specific area of tissue), in which tissue is rapidly destroyed.
Infections of the hand have a high rate of permanent scarring, tissue damage, and loss of function when treatment is delayed.
Prevention of human bite infections depends upon prompt treatment of any bite caused by a human being, particularly a closed-fist injury.
Human bites frequently cause necrotizing infections.
A person infected with HIV gradually loses immune function, becoming less able to resist other infections and certain cancers.
Bacteria-Singluar, bacterium; tiny, one-celled forms of life that cause many diseases and infections.
It also has some potentially serious side effects, including nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, increased susceptibility to infections, skin rashes, a decrease in the number of blood cells, and potential liver damage.
Coxsackie virus-A type of enterovirus that may produce a variety of illnesses, including upper respiratory infections, myocarditis, and pericarditis.
Infections can occur if blisters break and bacteria enters the open wound.
The protection from bacterial and viral infections provided by vaccines preserves the infant's immune systems to fight off other infections.
Some women get more urinary tract infections if they use a diaphragm because the diaphragm can press against the urethra, the tube that connects the bladder to the outside.
Illness or trauma during infancy or early childhood, including infections, high fever, malnutrition, or disorders such as congenital syphilis or Down syndrome, can cause misshapen or discolored teeth.
Many SIDS deaths occur in babies who have recently had colds (a possible reason that SIDS is most prevalent in winter, the time when upper respiratory infections are most frequent).
One Italian spa lists recurrent earaches, sinus infections, and acne among the conditions that can be treated with therapeutic baths for children and adolescents as well as adults.
Chlorine bleach can be added to bathwater for children who develop recurrent skin infections with eczema.
When perforation occurs, bacteria can pass more easily into the middle ear, potentially causing ear infections.
Perforated eardrum occurs commonly in people of all ages; it is especially common in early childhood when children are exposed regularly to colds and upper respiratory infections in their contact with other children.
School-age children are especially susceptible to repeat infections.
Promptly treating all nose and throat infections will help avoid ear infections.
Parents will likely be concerned about the possibility of ear infection, especially in children who have already had ear infections.
It may help to be especially watchful for symptoms of colds, sinus infections, and upper respiratory symptoms that may lead to ear infection.
Parents can also make sure the child is getting proper rest and nutrition to increase resistance to the common cold and infections present in other children with whom their child plays or attends school.
Urinary tract infections are diagnosed through laboratory examination of urine samples.
New infections, scarring, or stunting of kidney growth may result in the need for surgery.
Kidney infections, a narrowing of the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys, called renal artery stenosis, and other kidney disorders can disturb the salt and water balance.
Contracting tetanus does not provide immunity against future infections, so tetanus immunizations are also given.
The mortality rate for infections originating in the head and in newborns is also very high.
In addition, some doctors think that tic disorders are more likely to develop in children who have had certain types of infections.
Tic disorders as well as OCD sometimes develop after infections (usually scarlet fever or strep throat) caused by a group of bacteria known as group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, sometimes abbreviated as GABHS.
There appears to be a closer connection between Sydenham's chorea, which is a movement disorder, and GABHS infections than between tic disorders and these infections.
One prospective study done at Yale reported in 2004 that new GABHS infections do not appear to cause a worsening of tics in children diagnosed with OCD or Tourette syndrome.
Hepatitis B is a more severe liver disease than hepatitis A, and asymptomatic infections occur frequently.
The sweat test is administered as soon as CF is suspected, either because of family history or symptoms, such as frequent colds, recurrent lung infections, recurrent diarrhea, difficulty absorbing food, and slower-than-normal growth.