Happiness Sentence Examples
I wish you all the happiness you so deserve.
Is being in control so important that you're willing to sacrifice the happiness of your only son?
Bubbling with happiness, she hummed as she strode through the corridors in search of Romas.
Didn't he realize that your happiness had value too?
Everyone deserves a chance at happiness, Deidre. Even rich girls running empires.
I would give my life for the happiness of them both.
But when my teacher presented me with a canary, my cup of happiness overflowed.
There was peace and happiness...
Since the first time I stepped inside I had a sense of all of the love and happiness and peace those walls have witnessed.
Suddenly a feeling of happiness seized him.
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This happiness is for those who have not in them what there is in you.
There is no spring, no sun, no happiness!
But he was no merely destructive critic. He was determined to find a solid foundation for both morality and law, and to raise upon it an edifice, no stone of which should be laid except in accordance with the deductions of the severest logic. This foundation is "the greatest happiness of the greatest number," a formula adopted from Priestly or perhaps first from Beccaria.
Her happiness impressed all; nobody seemed to pity her.
AdvertisementIt was a moment of supreme happiness.
While there is life there is happiness.
Only remember that your life's happiness depends on your decision.
A happiness lying beyond material forces, outside the material influences that act on man--a happiness of the soul alone, the happiness of loving.
If there is a God and future life, there is truth and good, and man's highest happiness consists in striving to attain them.
AdvertisementHappiness, fear, awe … The gloves were off this night.
Happiness can be restored.
And He is happier than any of us because He is greater than any of us, and also because He not merely SEES your happiness as we do, but He also MADE it.
And cost what it may, I will arrange poor Amelie's happiness, she loves him so passionately, and so passionately repents.
I should die of happiness!
AdvertisementShe saw the possibility of love and happiness between Natasha and Pierre, and the first thought of this filled her heart with gladness.
To call it "pessimism" is merely to apply to it a characteristically Western principle according to which happiness is impossible without personality.
But now, at the commencement of the campaign, I should feel dishonored, not only in my comrades' eyes but in my own, if I preferred my own happiness to my love and duty to the Fatherland.
The subject was "What truths and sentiments is it most important to inculcate to men for their happiness?"
He was filled with happiness at his nearness to the Emperor.
Her little feet in their white satin dancing shoes did their work swiftly, lightly, and independently of herself, while her face beamed with ecstatic happiness.
There was an expression of carefree happiness on the faces of both father and daughter.
So, don't let your teeth keep you from feeling true happiness.
Each time we met, I couldn't bring myself to ruin the happiness.
Sidgwick holds that intuition must justify the claims of the general happiness upon the individual, though everything subsequent is hedonistic calculus.
Or is this altogether absurd for us who say that happiness is an activity?
We only need you, dear Mr. Hitz, to complete our happiness.
In her thoughts of marriage Princess Mary dreamed of happiness and of children, but her strongest, most deeply hidden longing was for earthly love.
The quiet home life and peaceful happiness of Bald Hills presented itself to him.
Her eyes were smiling expectantly, her downy lip rose and remained lifted in childlike happiness.
Only this wave is much more powerful than a wave of happiness.
They got out, and she lingered, sighing in happiness at the pleasure she was likely never to experience again after this week.
She is a thorough woman, but with none of the pettinesses, subterfuges, and mental reservations of her sex; she loves wide vistas and boundless horizons and instinctively seeks them out; she is concerned for universal happiness and takes thought for the improvement of mankind - thelastinfirmity and most innocent mania of generous souls.
On its southern banks, from east to west, dwell the "blameless Aethiopians" in, perfect happiness, and beyond it on the west, in the realms of eternal night, the "Cimmerians," wrapped in fogs and darkness.
The happiness or satisfaction of the individual was the end which dominated this scepticism as well as the contemporary systems of Stoicism and Epicureanism, and all three philosophies place it in tranquillity or self-centred indifference.
Instead, therefore, of the criterion of "the greatest happiness of the greatest number," Stephen has that of the "health of the organism."
Not only his political hopes, but his domestic happiness had suffered shipwreck.
It opens with a startling reversal of the common estimates of happiness and misery.
In good citizenship morality is practised out of regard to certain preconceived notions of the needs, the health and happiness of ourselves, our fellows and the community at large.
Hume, taking for granted that benevolence is the supreme virtue, points out that the essence of benevolence is to increase the happiness of others.
A French king, Charles V., is said to have been the first to invent a police, "to increase the happiness and security of his people."
The marriage proved a complete success; it was followed by twentynine years of almost uninterrupted happiness, and by the birth of fifteen children.
Its members were to reach the limit of woo years in happiness and peace.
What he would have been as a poet, if, instead of visiting Europe in early life and drinking in the spirit of the middle ages under the shadows of cathedral towers, he had, like Whittier, grown old amid American scenery and life, we can only guess from his earlier poems, which are as naturalistic, fresh and unmystical as could be desired; but certain it is that, from his long familiarity with the medieval view of nature, and its semi-pagan offspring, the romantic view, he was brought, for the greater part of his life, to look upon the world of men and things either as the middle scene of a miracle play, with a heaven of rewarding happiness above and a purgatory of purifying pain below, or else as a garment concealing, while it revealed, spiritual forms of unfathomed mystery.
Happiness consists in the possession of virtue, and consequently is independent of personal and extraneous advantages.
In each case the data rest on an ultimate basis, undemonstrable, indeed, to any one who denies them (even if he be called mad for doing so), except by the continuous process of working out their own proofs, and showing their consistency with, or necessity in, the scheme of things terrestrial on the one hand, or the mind and happiness of man on the other.
In this sense it may be fairly said that Stoics and Epicureans made rival offers to mankind of the same kind of happiness; and the philosophical peculiarities of either system may be traced to the desire of being undisturbed by the changes and chances of life.
This paradox is violent, but it is quite in harmony with the spirit of Stoicism; and we are more startled to find that the Epicurean sage, no less than the Stoic, is to be happy even on the rack; that his happiness, too, is unimpaired by being restricted in duration, when his mind has apprehended the natural limits of life; that, in short, Epicurus makes no less strenuous efforts than Zeno to eliminate imperfection from the conditions of human existence.
When we speak of a man as good, we mean that his dispositions or affections are such as tend of themselves to promote the good or happiness of human society.
Taking the different impulses in detail, he first shows how the individual's happiness is promoted by developing 1 It should be observed that, while Clarke is sincerely anxious to prove that most principles are binding independently of Divine appointment, he is no less concerned to show that morality requires the practical support of revealed religion.
In discussing this he distinguishes, with well-applied subtlety, between the pleasurableness of the benevolent emotions themselves, the sympathetic enjoyment of the happiness of others, and the pleasure arising from a consciousness of their love and esteem.
This immediate pleasure that we take in goodness (and displeasure in its opposite) is due to a susceptibility which he calls the " reflex " or " moral " sense, and compares with our susceptibility to beauty and deformity in external things; it furnishes both an additional direct impulse to good conduct, and an additional gratification to be taken into account in the reckoning which proves the coincidence of virtue and happiness.
Thus the object of hunger is not the pleasure of eating but food; hunger is therefore, strictly speaking, no more " interested " than benevolence; granting that the pleasures of the table are an important element in the happiness at which self-love aims, the same at least may be said for the pleasures of love and sympathy.
Indeed, we may say that an egoist must be doubly self-regulative, since rational self-love ought to restrain not only other impulses, but itself also; for as happiness is made up of feelings that result from the satisfaction of impulses other than self-love, any over-development of the latter, enfeebling these other impulses, must proportionally diminish the happiness at which self-love aims. If, then, it be admitted that human impulses are naturally under government, the natural claim of conscience or the moral faculty to be the supreme governor will hardly be denied.
But to Butler's more cautious mind the completeness of this harmony did not seem sufficiently demonstrable to be taken as a basis of moral teaching; he has at least to contemplate the possibility of a man being convinced of the opposite; and he argues that unless we regard conscience as essentially authoritative - which is not implied in the term " moral sense " - such a man is really bound to be vicious; " since interest, one's own happiness, is a manifest obligation."
Wollaston's theory of moral evil as consisting in the practical contradiction of a true proposition, closely resembles the most paradoxical part of Clarke's doctrine, and was not likely to approve itself to the strong common sense of Butler; but his statement of happiness or pleasure as a " justly desirable " end at which every rational being " ought " to aim corresponds exactly to Butler's conception of self-love as a naturally governing impulse; while' the " moral arithmetic " with which he compares pleasures and pains, and endeavours to make the notion of happiness quantitatively precise, is an anticipation of Benthamism.
There is, however, in Tucker's theological link between private and general happiness a peculiar ingenuity which Paley's common sense has avoided.
Reviewing his impressions of the recent battle, picturing pleasantly to himself the impression his news of a victory would create, or recalling the send-off given him by the commander-in-chief and his fellow officers, Prince Andrew was galloping along in a post chaise enjoying the feelings of a man who has at length begun to attain a long-desired happiness.
My vocation is to be happy with another kind of happiness, the happiness of love and self-sacrifice.
Well, you will be coming," he was going to say, "to dine," but changed his mind and said "to take tea with us," and quickly doubling up his tongue he blew a small round ring of tobacco smoke, perfectly embodying his dream of happiness.
She wished to help him, to bestow on him the superabundance of her own happiness.
On her way home at an early hour when she met no one but bricklayers going to work or men sweeping the street, and everybody within the houses was still asleep, Natasha experienced a feeling new to her, a sense of the possibility of correcting her faults, the possibility of a new, clean life, and of happiness.
Feng shui also encourages adding specific elements into a home to bring good fortune into the house in the form of wealth, peace, or happiness.
We must not, we dare not, aim at happiness.
Virtuous activities determine happiness, and a virtuous man is happy in this life, in spite of misfortunes unless they be too great; while after death he will not feel the misfortunes of the living so much as to change his happiness.
To turn from Ethics to Politics, the good of the individual on a small scale becomes on a large scale the good of the citizen and the state, whose end should be no far-off form of good, and no mere guarantee of rights, but the happiness of virtuous action, the life according to virtue, which is the general good of the citizen.
It was evidently ill-assorted, and brought no happiness to either.
Virtue tends always to happiness, and in the end must produce it in its perfect form.
The doctrine of eternal punishment has been opposed on many grounds, such as the disproportion between the offence and the penalty, the moral world should prepare itself for the descent of the and religious immaturity of the majority of men at death, the diminution of the happiness of heaven involved in the knowledge of the endless suffering of others (Schleiermacher), the defeat of the divine purpose of righteousness and grace that the continued antagonism of any of God's creatures would imply, the dissatisfaction God as Father must feel until His whole family is restored.
He had, however, the happiness of living long enough to perfect his work.
In 1793 Godwin published his great work on political science, The Inquiry concerning Political Justice, and its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness.
Since both held the same views regarding the slavery of marriage, and since they only married at all for the sake of possible offspring, the marriage was concealed for some time, and the happiness of the avowed married life was very brief; his wife's death on the 10th of September left Godwin prostrated by affliction, and with a charge for which he was wholly unfit - his infant daughter Mary, and her stepsister, Fanny Imlay, who from that time bore the name of Godwin.
But it is clear that by the time this chapter was penned it was believed that no man could attain to happiness in the hereafter if he had not been upright, just and charitable in his earthly existence.
This revelation of disaffection, together with the fall of Constantinople, darkened the last years of Nicholas; "As Thomas of Sarzana," he said, "I had more happiness in a day than now in a whole year."
The doctrine thus afforded an explanation, quite complete to those who believed it, of the apparent anomalies and wrongs in the distribution here of happiness or woe.
Religion is conducive to our happiness and alone brings satisfaction.
Proverbs does not offer the good of society as an aim of action, though it takes for granted that good conduct will promote the happiness of all.
The pilgrimage to Gangotri is considered efficacious in washing away the sins of the devotee, and ensuring him eternal happiness in the world to come.
Abu'l-Abbas inaugurated his Caliphate by a harangue in which he announced the era of concord and happiness which was to begin now that the House of the Prophet had been restored to its right.
Abdallah, after the Prophet, should fulfil the promises of peace and happiness that had been tendered to the believers, and therefore to have called him al-Mandi.
In 1822 he published in the Morning Chronicle (April) a letter against Canning's attack on Lord John Russell, and edited, or rather re-wrote, some discursive papers of Bentham, which he published under the title Analysis of the Influence of Natural Religion on the Temporal Happiness of Mankind by Philip Beauchamp (1822).
Thus the Church ever receives God and has a twofold nature; its sacraments through material and earthly elements impart a divine power; its teachings agree with the highest truths of philosophy and science, yet add to these the knowledge of mysteries which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath it entered into the heart of man to conceive; it sanctifies human relationships, but the happiness of earth at purest and best is only a shadow of the divine bliss which belongs to the redeemed soul.
Happiness arises from the rewards of virtue.
His reconciliation amounts to this, that the rule of conduct is to aim at universal happiness, but that we recognize the reasonableness of this rule by an intuition which cannot be further explained.
When the argument from analogy seems to go beyond this, a peculiar difficulty starts up. Let it be granted that our happiness and misery in this life depend upon our conduct - are, in fact, the rewards and punishments attached by God to certain modes of action, the natural conclusion from analogy would seem to be that our future happiness or the reverse will probably depend upon our actions in the future state.
And his happiness, since length of time cannot increase it, falls in nothing short of that of Zeus.
Wenceslas, though only nineteen years of age, henceforth governed Bohemia himself, and his short reign was a period of great happiness for the country.
She struggled long against her powerful kinsfolk, nor did she know happiness till near the end of her life, when she abandoned the unequal strife, and found repose with Francis of Borselen, Ruward of Holland, her fourth husband.
But this period of happiness was destined to be short-lived.
In January the death of Catherine had rejoiced the hearts of Henry and Anne Boleyn, but Annes happiness was short-lived.
When Condorcet described the Tenth Epoch in the long development of human progress, he was sure not only that fulness of light and perfection of happiness would come to the sons of men, but that they were coming with all speed.
We saw that Socrates, while not claiming to have found the abstract theory of good or wise conduct, practically understood by it the faithful performance of customary duties, maintaining always that his own happiness was therewith bound up. The Cynics more boldly discarded both pleasure and mere custom as alike irrational; but in so doing they left the freed reason with no definite aim but its own freedom.
But happiness so definitely signifies a state of feeling that it will not admit the interpretation that Aristotle (as well as Plato and the Stoics) expressly gives to eu5acuovia; the confusion is best avoided by rendering the word by the less familiar " well-being."
When further he teaches that the attainment of happiness depends almost entirely upon insight and right calculation, fortune having very little to do with it; that the pleasures and pains of the mind are far more important than those of the body, owing to the accumulation of feeling caused by memory and anticipation; and that an indispensable condition of mental happiness lies in relieving the mind of all superstitions, which can be effected only by a thorough knowledge of the physical universe - he introduces an ample area for the exercise of the philosophic intellect.
Thus, Hugo of St Victor (1077-1141) argues that all love is necessarily so far " interested " that it involves a desire for union with the beloved; and since eternal happiness consists in this union, it cannot truly be desired apart from God; while Bernard of Clairvaux (1091-1153) more elaborately distinguishes four stages by which the soul is gradually led from (I) merely selfregarding desire for God's aid in distress, to (2) love him for his loving-kindness to it, then also (3) for his absolute goodness, until (4) in rare moments this love for himself alone becomes the sole all-absorbing affection.
Thus the summum bonum for man is objectively God, subjectively the happiness to be derived from loving vision of his perfections; although there is a lower kind of happiness to be realized here 1 Abelard afterwards retracted this view, at least in its extreme form; and in fact does not seem to have been fully conscious of the difference between (I) unfulfilled intention to do an act objectively right, and (2) intention to do what is merely believed by the agent to be right.
The higher happiness is given to man by free grace of God; but it is given to those only whose heart is right, and as a reward of virtuous actions.
Neither natural nor human law, moreover, takes into account that supernatural happiness which is man's highest end.
He explains that though absolute good is discerned by the intellect, the " sweetness and flavour " of it is apprehended, not by the intellect proper, but by what he calls a " boniform faculty "; and it is in this sweetness and flavour that the motive to virtuous conduct lies; ethics is the " art of living well and happily," and true happiness lies in " the pleasure which the soul derives from the sense of virtue."
It is, however, important to notice that in his " good " is included not merely happiness but " perfection "; and he does not even define perfection so as to exclude from it the notion of absolute moral perfection and save his theory from an obvious logical circle.
This principle, as was said, is conceived as strictly a law, and therefore referred to a lawgiver, God, and provided with a sanction in its effects on the agent's happiness.
As Locke cannot consistently mean by God's " goodness " anything but the disposition to give pleasure, it might be inferred that the ultimate standard of right rules of action ought to be the common happiness of the beings affected by the action; but Locke does not explicitly adopt this standard.
We have, in fact, to distinguish self-love, the " general desire that every man hath of his own happiness " or pleasure, from the particular affections, passions, and appetites directed towards objects other than pleasure, in the satisfaction of which pleasure consists.
In the Sermons, indeed (1729), Butler seems to treat conscience and calm benevolence as permanently allied though distinct principles, but in the Dissertation on Virtue, appended to the Analogy (1739), he maintains that the conduct dictated by conscience will often differ widely from that to which mere regard for the production of happiness would prompt.
Calm self-love Hutcheson regards as morally indifferent; though he enters into a careful analysis of the elements of happiness,' in order to show that a true regard for private interest always coincides with the moral sense and with benevolence.
Accordingly his treatment of external rights and duties, though decidedly inferior in methodical clearness and precision, does not differ in principle from that of Paley or Bentham, except that he lays greater stress on the immediate conduciveness of actions to the happiness of individuals, and more often refers in a merely supplementary or restrictive way to their tendencies in respect of general happiness.
He does not with Price object to its being called the " moral sense," provided we understand by 1 It is to be observed that whereas Price and Stewart (after Butler) identify the object of self-love with happiness or pleasure, Reid conceives this " good " more vaguely as including perfection and happiness; though he sometimes uses " good " and happiness as convertible terms, and seems practically to have the latter in view in all that he says of self-love.
Paley, however, holds that scripture is given less to teach morality than to illustrate it by example and enforce it by new sanctions and greater certainty, and that the light of nature makes it clear that God wills the happiness of his creatures.
To meet the obvious objections to this method, based on the immediate happiness caused by admitted crimes (such as " knocking a rich villain on the head "), he lays stress on the necessity of general rules in any kind of legislation;' while, by urging the importance of forming and maintaining good habits, he partly evades the difficulty of calculating the consequences of particular actions.
He does not himself use the will of an omnipotent and benevolent being as a means of logically connecting individual and general happiness.
For in answer to the question that immediately arises, How then are the sanctions of the moral rules which it will most conduce to the general happiness for men to observe, shown to be always adequate in the case of all the individuals whose observance is required ?
And, in fact, "private ethics, " as conceived by Bentham, does not exactly expound such a system; but rather exhibits the coincidence, so far as it extends, between private and general happiness, in that part of each man's conduct that lies beyond the range of useful legislation.
On the contrary, he tries to prove elaborately that they (as well as the pleasures of imagination, ambition, self-interest) cannot be made an object of primary pursuit without a loss of happiness on the whole - one of his arguments being that these pleasures occur earlier in time, and " that which is prior in the order of nature is always less perfect than that which is posterior."
He holds, indeed, that the two are inseparable, and that the more altruistic any man's sentiments and habits of action can be made, the greater will be the happiness enjoyed by himself as well as by others.
Kant's answer is that what each is to aim at in the case of others is not Perfection, but Happiness, i.e.
The exclusion of private happiness from the ends at which it is a duty to aim contrasts strikingly with the view of Butler and Reid, that man, as a rational being, is under manifest obligation " to seek his own interest.
The difference, however, is not really so great as it seems; since in another part of his system Kant fully recognizes the reasonableness of the individual's regard for his own happiness.
Thus, in his view, not merely natural inclinations towards pleasures, or the desires for selfish happiness, require to be morally resisted; but even the prompting of the individual's conscience, the impulse to do what seems to him right, if it comes into conflict with the common sense of his community.
The failure of " laissez-faire " individualism in politics to produce that common prosperity and happiness which its advocates hoped for caused men to question the egoistic basis upon which its ethical counterpart was constructed.
He pointed out that the principle of the greatest happiness of the greatest number is a principle without any definite meaning, since men are nowhere unanimous in their standard of happiness, but regard the conception of happiness rather as a problem to be solved than a test to be applied.
Universal happiness would require omniscience to legislate for it and the " normal " or, as some would say, " perfect " man to desire it; neither of these conditions of its realization is at present in existence.
It may be taken to imply that the useless and the criminal should be entitled to as much happiness as the useful and the virtuous.
For neither happiness, nor the concrete means to happiness, nor finally the conditions of its realization can be distributed; and in the end " not general happiness becomes the ethical standard by which legislative action is to be guided, but universal justice."
His happiness was of paramount importance.
The influence of the Darwinian theory, moreover, has extended from historical psychology to ethics, tending to substitute " preservation of the race under its conditions of existence " for " happiness " as the ultimate end and standard of virtue.
But he does not seriously trouble himself to argue with egoism, or to weigh carefully the amount of happiness that might be generally attained by the satisfaction of egoistic propensities duly regulated; a supreme unquestioning self-devotion, in which all personal calculations are suppressed, is an essential feature of his moral ideal.
Probably, Gassendi thinks, perfect happiness is not attainable in this life, but it may be in the life to come.
The self-love theory of Hobbes, with its subtle perversions of the motives of ordinary humanity, led to a reaction which culminated in the utilitarianism of Bentham and the two Mills; but their theory, though superior to the extravagant egoism of Hobbes, had this main defect, according to Herbert Spencer, that it conceived the world as an aggregate of units, and was so far individualistic. Sir Leslie Stephen in his Science of Ethics insisted that the unit is the social organism, and therefore that the aim of moralists is not the "greatest happiness of the greatest number," but rather the "health of the organism."
Starting with the indisputable fact that man's life and happiness are largely dependent upon phenomena in the heavens, that the fertility of the soil is de pendent upon the sun shining in the heavens as well as upon the rains that come from heaven, that on the other hand the mischief and damage done by storms and inundations, to both of which the Euphratean Valley was almost regularly subject, were to be traced likewise to the heavens, the conclusion was drawn that all the great gods had their seats in the heavens.
This is emancipation (mukti) from the burthen of birth and rebirth, and the highest happiness.'
Is being in control so important that you're willing to sacrifice the happiness of your only son - or do you love him enough to let him go?
I.m glad she.s not, and she seems to understand trading personal happiness for a social status.
Happiness should be all I feel but a strange sense of dread is overwhelming any feeling of contentment as I enter this stately home.
Kris's memories stirred stronger than he liked. He remembered Lilith, a beautiful Immortal whose laugh had filled him with happiness. Their love had been intense and brief, lasting less than a human year in total. One day, she was just … gone. Slaughtered by Rhyn, who had taken her head the same way his brothers took the head of Rhyn's demoness mother.
They married within weeks and Monica was set for a lifetime of martial happiness until, six months into her marriage, she was diagnosed with cancer, which began to ravage her body.
Dusty deserved happiness after all he'd been through.
But she … she didn't want what came with that kind of happiness.
The love and romance psychic can help you achieve divine bliss and happiness in your love life.
Of course the sad truth about happiness is that it is entrancing, desirable and maddeningly elusive.
Dreams of happiness were often juxtaposed with dreams of sadness.
Gross international happiness is a new concept in economic thinking aimed at replacing the western paradigm of economic productivity and well-being.
Some people want to maximize the sum of human happiness which has nothing to do with inclusive fitness, it's almost antithetical.
In spite of a troubled childhood, actress and singer Lorraine McIntosh has found true happiness through her own family.
Their lives are full of violence, wild sex, and general debauchery as Bruno and Michael try to find happiness.
Consumerism often creates the problem of a false sense of happiness, leaving the consumer destitute of the desire to confront a higher calling.
Love is irreconcilable with evil because love seeks the genuine happiness and peace of humanity, whereas evil is inherently destructive.
They sing a love duet of the happiness they hope to share in their future life together.
A loaf of bread and bare earth for a bed in the company of the beloved, is full happiness.
Some seek their rest and happiness on earth, others eternal felicity in heaven.
The denial of a fixed human nature also corrodes an ethics based on human pleasure or happiness, like hedonism and utilitarianism.
For me personally, as the 49th hereditary imam of the Ismailis, this is a day of great happiness.
Read Gooseberries, Chekhov's typically incisive short story exploring human happiness, suffering and society.
Why they ought to be important is usually because they add to the sum of human happiness, rather than perpetuating misery.
The time she spent with the little mutt turned her thoughts from sadness to happiness.
They come with happiness and joy; they enter the king's palace.
In fact 11 million people have taken Prozac, the universal panacea for happiness.
Encouraging the soul to attain perfection brings happiness in both worlds.
Mixing American pragmatism with Buddhist philosophy, the goal of Soka education is the lifelong happiness of the learner.
In one sense, the idea of helping people who seem to have more than their fair share of happiness seems presumptuous.
Third, I consider priestcraft and superstition the greatest obstacle to human improvement and happiness.
If you find serenity and happiness, people may be jealous.
The sun tarot card meaning is happiness, contentment and bliss.
Only with an underlying theme of doubt can happiness be found.
Brought up by their eccentric uncle Django, the McCabe sisters had assumed their mid-thirties would be a time of happiness and stability.
Fischer said, My priestly vocation, the source of my happiness, I owe to almighty God.
All best wishes for health, happiness, and many lovely walks in many beautiful parks along many tidal and non-tidal waterways.
That there are defects in the logical process as here outlined to account for the curious rite constitutes no valid objection to the theory advanced, for, in the first place, primitive logic in matters of belief is inherently defective and even contradictory, and, secondly, the strong desire to pierce the mysterious future, forming an impelling factor in all religions - even in the most advanced of our own day - would tend to obscure the weakness of any theory developed to explain a rite which represents merely one endeavour among many to divine the intention and plans of the gods, upon the knowledge of which so much of man's happiness and welfare depended.
He points out that under this benevolent despotism, though men might be happy, their happiness was unstable, because it depended on the character of a single man; and the highest praise he can give to those virtuous princes is that they " deserved the honour of restoring the republic, had the Romans of their days been capable of a rational freedom."
The criterion by which Gibbon judged civilization and progress was the measure in which the happiness of men is secured, and of that happiness he considered political freedom an essential condition.
Its history comprises one brief flash of tragic glory and a long obscure happiness.
The thinker who sees man confronted by the infinite non-moral forces presumed by natural pantheism inevitably predominating over the finite powers of men may appear to the modern Christian theologian or to the evolutionist as a hopeless pessimist, and yet may himself have concluded that, though the future holds out no prospect save that of annihilation, man may yet by prudence and care enjoy a considerable measure of happiness.
He gained from the struggle a more catholic view of human happiness, at delight in the poetry of nature and the affections as well as the poetry of heroic unselfishness, a disposition to study more sympathetically the point of view of opponents, a more courteous style of polemic, a hatred of sectarianism, an ambition,, no less noble and disinterested, but moderated to practical' possibilities.
Hence it is used to describe a vague time in the future when all flaws in human existence will have vanished, and perfect goodness and happiness will prevail.
The transition from the evolutionist criterion of survival - which in itself it is difficult to regard as anything but non-moral - to the criterion of happiness is effected by means of the psychological argument that pleasure promotes function and that living beings must, upon pain of extinction, sooner or later take pleasure in actions which are conducive to their survival.
Conduct being the adjustment of acts to ends, and good conduct that which is conducive to the preservation of a pleasurable life in a society so adjusted that each attains his happiness without impeding that of others, life can be considered valuable only if it conduces to happiness.
But there was no other flaw in the happiness of the marriage, which was solemnized on the 10th of February 1840 in the Chapel Royal, St James's.
Socrates, although he held that virtue was the only human good, admitted to a certain extent the importance of its utilitarian side, making happiness at least a subsidiary end of moral action (see Ethics).
Some unknown Peripatetic detected a flaw in the Nicomachean Ethics when he said that pleasure is a supervening end beyond activity, and, if he had gone on to add that happiness is also a supervening end beyond the virtuous activities which are necessary to produce it, he would have destroyed the foundation of his own founder's Ethics.
As to the use of reason beyond knowledge, Kant's position is that, in spite of its logical inability to transcend phenomena, reason in its pure, or a priori use, contains necessary a priori " ideals " (Ideen), and practical reason, in order to account for moral responsibility, frames postulates of the existence of things in themselves, or noumena, corresponding to these " ideals "; postulates of a real free-will to practise morality, of a real immortality of soul to perfect it, and of a real God to crown it with happiness.
Happiness he regards as the only end, conceivable by us,' of divine Providence, but it is a happiness wholly dependent upon rectitude.
Sir John Taylor Coleridge, his fellow scholar at Corpus and his life-long friend, says of him, after their friendship of five and fifty years had closed, "It was the singular happiness of his nature, remarkable even in his undergraduate days, that love for him was always sanctified by reverence - reverence that did not make the love less tender, and love that did but add intensity to the reverence."
This being established, the main aim of Shaftesbury's argument is to prove that the same balance of private and social affections, which tends naturally to public good, is also conducive to the happiness of the individual in whom it exists.
Justice, veracity, fidelity to compacts and to governments, are all co 1 It is worth noticing that Hutcheson's express definition of the object of self-love includes " perfection " as well as " happiness "; but in the working out of his system he considers private good exclusively as happiness or pleasure.
It was the wish of his father and mother that every day of his life should be a day of perfect happiness.
But, as you know, my heart is usually brimful of happiness.
He asked me how I had taught Helen adjectives and the names of abstract ideas like goodness and happiness.
Would the heart, overweighted with sudden joy, stop beating for very excess of happiness?
Prince Andrew felt that an invisible power was leading him forward, and experienced great happiness.
Anna Pavlovna threatened him on behalf of "our dear Vyazmitinov," and in her eyes, which, for an instant, glanced at Pierre, Prince Vasili read a congratulation on his future son-in-law and on his daughter's happiness.
He pictured the vanity of his diplomatic career in comparison with Pierre's happiness.
The old princess did not reply, she was tormented by jealousy of her daughter's happiness.
I love you more than ever," said Princess Mary, "and I will try to do all I can for your happiness."
Besides, Sonya is so charming that only a fool would renounce such happiness.
How little we dreamed of such a thing when we were rejoicing at his happiness!
When they had undressed, but without washing off the cork mustaches, they sat a long time talking of their happiness.
She understood that when speaking of "trash" he referred not only to Mademoiselle Bourienne, the cause of her misery, but also to the man who had ruined his own happiness.
The absence of suffering, the satisfaction of one's needs and consequent freedom in the choice of one's occupation, that is, of one's way of life, now seemed to Pierre to be indubitably man's highest happiness.
The savagery of battle pauses briefly to allow the snatched happiness of the wedding before the desperate flight from anger and betrayal.
The apogee of my happiness was when I married the love of my life last spring.
The pain and worry of a severe diaper rash can disrupt a happy family, but with a little diligence and tender loving care, your baby's health and happiness will improve in no time.
Instead of happiness and love, he or she may experience anger and fear, so it's very important that families spend time fostering a bond with the child.
Germany is a beautiful country with a lot to offer - buying a property can give years of happiness and a wonderful way of life.
They are an excellent investment in your kitten's happiness and help her exercise when you aren't around to play with her.
This book explores the incomplete recovery from grief that often has a negative effect on your happiness for a lifetime.
Marriage is a big part of your life, it's important to think about your happiness when it comes to the decision you make concerning divorce.
Remember that a simple smile releases endorphins that inspire happiness and laughter, and has actually been linked to good mental and physical health.
Mention that you know that the co-parent doesn't love you but that for the sake of your child's happiness, it would be best to leave him out of it.
A round yellow circle gets paired with black eyes and a black curved smile and represents not only happiness, but the whole Woodstock-era.
These winged insects elude happiness and can be made as intricate as desired with a variety of colors and glitter.
The happiness meter lets you know the emotional status of your pet.
Note that the latter is important but comes at the expense of the dog's happiness.
It's not unusual for losing a job to cause feelings of relief, devastation, loss, anger, and even a moderate amount of happiness.
You can therefore benefit from their insight and experience and find happiness in your life to replace your anger.
Although the holidays are a time of happiness and love, in many instances they also cause worry and tension.
On the other hand, you may feel a sense of happiness or awe.
The prom is a fun, exciting time in any teen's life, but questions like what to wear, who to go with, and how much money to spend can leave a kink in your happiness.
Brainy Quotes' sections on wisdom, success, life and happiness offer an extensive list of quotes appropriate for graduation.
Your own happiness depends on you first-how you feel about yourself.
Every feeling you have reading love poems for teenage girls is valid - just as the love, the happiness, the unhappiness, and all the rest that seems to assail your senses.
Speeches should contain a thank you to friends, family and guests, a summary of your relationship with the couple and wishes for their continued happiness and success.
You don't have to send a gift at all...just a note of thanks for thinking of you, and best wishes extended for his daughter's happiness is all that's needed here.
They come in a variety of colors or with the Chinese symbol for "Double Happiness" engraved on one side and your name and wedding date on another.
Porcelain boxes stamped with the symbols for "Double Happiness" can be filled with candy, almonds or nothing at all.
Expressing happiness about the new addition to the family is essential.
It's a kind gesture that keeps your loved ones in the loop, so to speak, and it affords you the opportunity to share a bit of your happiness with others.
This is a milder form of major depression because the sufferer still has the ability to experience some happiness in his or her life.
Happiness lasted until Christmas of that year, when rumors surfaced of trouble in paradise.
Money may not buy happiness, but it clearly buys a lot.
She suffers a family tragedy, struggles to overcome sadness and frustration, and regains happiness and inspiration in a surprising way.
Also, there are a lot of people out there who really want William to find the happiness that eluded his mother for most of her marriage.
Good dog grooming practices are essential for maintaining the health, happiness and well-being of your dog.
When calculating the price of a Portuguese Water Dog, know that you must invest in on-going training for both you and your dog's happiness and welfare.
As an owner, your continued investment will guarantee the value and the happiness of your canine companion.
You can reinforce this behavior with positive love, happiness and a bit of food, although not every time.
Body temperatures rise and fall in relation to stress and happiness.
Over the years, people considered the gemstone as a talisman for good luck, health and happiness.
Confidence and happiness are two such qualities that can help a woman go from ordinary beauty to extraordinary beauty.
If your own health, happiness, or well-being would be jeopardized by living alone, then an ALF is probably not the best option.
The start-up cost is a key factor, but the future happiness and success of the franchisee can also be affected by the hours and experience required by the franchise.
Senior programs aim to provide citizens with the educational and financial resources they need in order to find happiness and security in their senior years.
For those who have been lonely, dating can be a way to find happiness as well as companionship, vastly improving the dating seniors' lives.
Ultimately, lack of sleep has an impact on personal happiness and success.
You can get a new outfit from the Statue of Happiness.
Head to the Statue of Happiness, instead of entering, go around to the left side of the statue.
There is a live heart inside the Statue of Happiness on Happiness Island.
To see the heart, fly to the Statue of Happiness in the helicopter using the vehicle cheat.
Different rooms, like the rotating tile of lights room puts a little happiness into the dark graphics you'll encounter during the game, but the dark graphics are a good thing since they fit in well with the type of game it is.
They promise that it is a place "where the hearts of children are filled with happiness and dreams."
The result is positive self-esteem and self-confidence, which are extremely important for determining later happiness and success.
Bring more happiness into your life by placing a few bird figurines next to your books.
The Chinese five elements play an important role in the use of Feng Shui to find peace, happiness, and success in your surroundings.
A laughing Buddha riding an elephant with children on his lap or running beside him is an excellent symbol for family happiness and prosperity.
The pairing also symbolizes the doubling of the lover's happiness.
Another popular jade amulet is the Double Happiness symbol.
Many believe this symbol has a powerful effect on a married couple by increasing happiness and love double-fold.
Because of the construction of the symbol, this happiness is eternal with no ending.
This myth of the Double Happiness evolved during the Tang Dynasty when a student was journeying through the kingdom.
This became a traditional symbol to represent undying love and happiness doubled.
In feng shui, birds are symbols of happiness and new opportunities.
People use these figurines as symbols of happiness, wealth and health.
However, regardless of the style, displaying any variation of the word will not only enhance the beauty of the room it will serve as a way to invite love and happiness into your home.
Together they symbolize everlasting love, marital happiness and bliss.
The double happiness symbol symbolizes good luck in love and doubles a couple's happiness and love.
When they are shown with a sprouting lotus blossom or a lotus plant they symbolize a strong and serious commitment, happiness and harmony.
The Chinese symbol for happiness is considered to be one of the most auspicious symbols for feng shui applications.
There are numerous symbols within the Chinese culture that represent happiness.
For example, xi means happiness, but it's also a symbol used for fertility as well as a symbol of good luck.
Chinese characters are used as symbols to represent happiness, just as in the English language you might display a wood cutout of the word "happiness" in your home.
The xi character for happiness has several variations that mean different degrees of happiness.
Since the most recognizable symbol for happiness is also symbol for double happiness, shuang1 xi3, it's not surprising that it's used throughout china as the symbol for weddings.
Red lanterns are suspended around the couple's bed to attract happiness to ensure a long and fortunate marriage.
If you want to incorporate a symbol or two for happiness within your feng shui design, then you'll be interested to learn that you aren't limited to Chinese characters.
When you use the two together, you draw the energies of yin and yang in an effort to create the perfect balance, which in turn will bring great happiness.
It's distinction as a symbol for happiness is simply because the pronunciation of the word, Magpie, in Chinese is similar to the pronunciation of the word "happiness."
There are various superstitions that have grown out of this symbol for happiness.
As you can see, there are many choices for a Chinese symbol for happiness that you can use in your feng shui interior.
The double happiness symbol can be combined with an infinity symbol, known as the mystic knot.
The koi is synonymous with harmony and happiness.
The mystic knot of happiness is considered a very prized good luck symbol.
For a birthday, Valentine's Day, or First Anniversary, the rose is symbolic of a great range of emotion, from warmth and happiness to love and romance.
In a December 2005, actor Russell Crowe, a close friend of Nicole, was quoted in Britain's The Sun newspaper as saying, "I've spoken to Nicole a couple of times recently and it was clear she's enjoying great happiness right now.
However, his study also found that second and third children slightly decrease their mother's overall level of happiness.
For example, Tangerine Twinkle is said to promote movement and communication, while Pink Panache can generate love, happiness and friendship.
The belief was that fairies, creatures possessing magical powers, would secretly provide gifts of beauty, wealth, protection, and happiness to kind, gentle people of their liking.
In the Japanese culture, a dragonfly symbolizes the feeling of strength, happiness and joy.
The votive candle holder is frosted with the words ceremony, friendships, good times, happiness, investiture, memories and rededication.
For those with a generous heart, a new propane grill could be just the thing to make his stomach gurgle in happiness.
Peace features a Christmas ornament with an American flag design extoling the virtues of peace, freedom, liberty and happiness.
Happiness is the meaning of the holiday season.
Funny songs, however, offer a different perspective on the happiness of the season by exaggerating the characteristics of the holiday in a way that appeals to the mischievous elf in all of us.
The ghost took Scrooge to his past, showing him moments of happiness and joy as well as the turning points that set him on his current path.
Can you really find lasting happiness with someone you meet through online dating?
That being said, understanding how to date in your senior years will satisfy your desires and give you the happiness you are looking for in love.
In many cases, the quality of partners met online will determine quite a lot of the happiness an individual develops during the service.
When you are smiling, your voice will convey your happiness.
She will hear this happiness in your voice and it will make her feel more relaxed.
What he discovered is that the ability for two people to get in sync effectively is a crucial component to a couple's happiness.
What can I do to keep the woman of my dreams without sacrificing her happiness or mine?
What person wouldn't love to have someone else to be responsible for her happiness?
The downside is she can't share in your happiness.
Moreover, even if she did desire happiness, her belief of what it means to be a good person, i.e., sacrifice, put others needs before your own, etc. would stop her from putting herself first.
Whether you've ever studied psychology or not, logic will tell you, people with things in common are more likely to find happiness in a long-term relationship.
The more experienced the creator is in psychology and the social interaction of people, the more credible the results, but even the most credible results are no guarantee that you will find happiness.
This is why many people go from one relationship to the next without knowing why they can't find happiness.
I hope that you find happiness with someone else.
I hope that you find success, happiness and love in your new life.
This is a great way to introduce your significant other to friends and relatives who may not have met them yet, and it is a nice way to capture your happiness for posterity.
Yellow shades are frequently associated with bright sunlight and cheerfulness, as well as overwhelming joy, prosperity (as associated with gold), and general happiness.
Most of their friends and family probably all ready know about the engagement and the party is given more as a celebration of their joy and happiness rather than as an official announcement.
Please share in our happiness as we announce our engagement.
Poems discussing a person's sustaining love for another, celebrating a couple's happiness or paying tribute to the beloved's qualities are some of the many love poetry options.
So pick a proposal that captures the love and happiness of the moment and remember the joy for years to come.
All toasts for an engagement offer the newly engaged couple support and happiness for the future.
Engagement parties are a wonderful way for a newly engaged couple to celebrate their happiness with family and friends.
It is often easier for a couple to relax during an informal party and this can be a great way to share their happiness with a group of friends.
We should not let society's limitations, nor our own limitations, keep us from self-fulfillment and happiness.
The funds raised go to charities that bring happiness, comfort and hope to disabled children.
Horses will find their best chance for true happiness with Tigers and Dogs.
Can a Virgo man Capricorn woman match find lasting happiness together?
Your career satisfaction is highest when connected with communication either as a writer, actor, journalist, etc. Communication gives you the emotional happiness you seek.
Libra understands energy and how beauty has its own vibrational quality that stimulates various emotional responses such as happiness, joy, bliss and even tranquility.
On the flip side, Pisces can also feel an exquisite level of happiness that feels very much akin to the feeling of ecstasy; this sign is capable of incredible highs and lows.
Once you win her over and gain her trust, yuo'll share a gracious and genteel lifestyle filled with happiness and love.
If they can accept that love is imperfect, they can find true happiness.
That said, note that it is not impossible for Aries to find happiness with an earth or water sign, particularly if Aries has planets in earth and water signs or vice versa.
We come together to learn a better way of life, to find happiness whether the alcoholic is still drinking or not."
For example, "Happiness can be found, even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light."
If your children are free-spirited, creative, or need to self-express themselves in order to feel confident, uniforms may impede their happiness in a school environment.
It means that he may beg you for a game - may feel that his entire future happiness depends on getting that game - and then when he gets it, he tries it for five minutes before becoming bored.
Is finding a significant other really the only way to happiness?
In It's a Wonderful Life, we feel joy for the world and happiness.
Would Audrey and Steve ever find happiness?
Of course, a soap opera being the imaginative, dramatic and fun-filled playground that it is, it's only fitting that the writers would have a field day penning scripts rife with drama, intrigue and the occasional bout of happiness.
Raised by his loving father John, Jack and his siblings Ashley and Traci, Jack often struggles with living up to who he thinks he should be rather than seeking happiness as who he is.
Vicki, after many abortive attempts at love, found happiness with Ryan and after Marley and Jake divorced for the final time, he pursued Paulina.
Over the next ten years, Rachel's love for Mac never waned and although she found happiness with an old enemy, Mac remained her true love.
The cameras focused on many in the crowd including Kelly Ripa, Marcy Walker and Rosie O'Donnell who were all crying in happiness for Lucci's long-deserved win.
Over time, Maria finds happiness of her own.
Will Charlie and Viki make it to the altar and find happiness together?
She didn't know about tattooing then, but she knew she wanted to capture the feelings she had in her dreams - the feelings of independence and happiness.
The boy's got some real talent, but it's his inability to get serious that keeps getting in his way.Can a slightly goofy twenty-something year old guy with a good heart really find happiness as a rappin' tattoo artist?
Stars-these can be a representation of mysticism, happiness, spirituality, or even be whimsical depending on the shape and details added to a star tattoo.
The energy derived from this knowledge is thought of to bring everything into alignment giving you peace of mind and happiness.
Using gentle flight and delicacy when gracing a flower, the butterfly is the perfect picture of leisure and happiness.
She is depicted most often as a butterfly-winged goddess and symbolizes lost love, despair, fragility and eventual happiness.
Benefits include improved health, increased life energy, mental clarity, intuitive knowledge, and blissful happiness.
The guiding principle is to formulate an acceptance of "acting happiness" to encourage more frequent opportunities for genuine joy.
Teaching autistic children in school can help encourage social skills development, increase independence, and improve their chance at future success and happiness.
There is hope for all people with autism to live in health, dignity and happiness.
Learn what treatment centers may offer your loved one when it comes to health and happiness.
Autism treatment centers are just part of the overall, ongoing therapies that help children and adults with PDD build happiness and good health.
Getting out in nature can fill you with energy and happiness.
I attribute the change to pure happiness.
A book that promises health and happiness in ten days is obviously not going to be taking a healthful approach.
Sometimes we equate happiness with being thin.
For me what I experienced was incredible joy, happiness, and amazing world adventures.
Of course, enjoying time with family and friends is the essence of happiness.
Some days, modern life itself seems to take a bite out of happiness.
They believed that the layer of clothing worn closest to the heart should exude confidence, love and happiness -- "all the things that make a woman truly beautiful."
May your 50th anniversary party invitations mark the beginning of many more years of happiness and celebration.
Symbols for prosperity, luck, and happiness are popular choices.
While the teen cast members live in an enviable environment, various episodes illustrate that money doesn't always buy happiness.
The curse would remain until Angel achieved a moment of true happiness.
Feng Shui is a system that purports to harmonize the chi in your home to maximize your health, wealth and happiness.
In essence, Vulcans are unable to feel emotions such as love, hate, happiness or jealousy.
But Angel's curse ends when he finds true happiness and after making love with Buffy the first time, he becomes Angelus once more.
As we age, our skin wears and shows the world the hurdles, happiness, loss and laughter we have endured.
However, the cosmetic implications of the disease can significantly impact the mental health and happiness of those affected.
The user's name was Crystal, and "happiness" was her password.
With categories like fantasy, religious, sports and happiness, you are sure to find something that fits your personality.
The gold stands for warm sunlight, good cheer and happiness.
Resiliency isn't the same as happiness.
The warmth of his body made her senses tingle with both need and happiness.
The idea of spending her days with the reserved Sofi and cheerful Bianca was surprisingly appealing, though she couldn't help feeling intimidated by their happiness.
What she saw amazed her, and her eyes watered, this time out of relief and happiness.
I understand pleasure, not happiness.
That seems to be a very harsh way of regarding your sisters' future happiness.
God has given me a second undeserved chance at happiness!
If he was so determined to crush that dream, how could she trust him with her future happiness?
Because I care about your happiness.
If you have to marry Josh to get that happiness.
He was trying to maintain a balance between taking care of business and her happiness.
What had she ever done to deserve such overwhelming happiness?
It was the place where he'd always found happiness.
But she … she didn't want what came with that kind of happiness.
Her heart swelled with hope and happiness.
Money couldn't buy happiness.
This new statement has at least of Judg= the merit of bringing God into touch with man's goodness as well as with his happiness.
It is no dwelling of the dead nor part of the lower world, but distinguished heroes are translated thither without dying, to live a life of perfect happiness.
In the third book Philosophy promises to lead him to true happiness, which is to be found in God alone, for since God is the highest good, and the highest good is true happiness, God is true happiness.
The individual's happiness is indeed unattainable either here and now or hereafter and in the future, but he does not despair of ultimately releasing the Unconscious from its sufferings.
We must provisionally affirm life and devote ourselves to social evolution, instead of striving after a happiness which is impossible; in so doing we shall find that morality renders life less unhappy than it would otherwise be.
As regards domestic morality, the system offered constant facilities for libertinism, and tended to subvert domestic peace by compromising the dignity and ruining the happiness of the wife.
Cosimo employed almost the last hours of his life in listening to Ficino's reading of a treatise on the highest good; while Lorenzo, in a poem on true happiness, described him as the mirror of the world, the nursling of sacred muses, the harmonizer of wisdom and beauty in complete accord.
The tragedians used her story to point the moral of the instability of human happiness; Niobe became the representative of human nature, liable to pride in prosperity and forgetfulness of the respect and submission due to the gods.
Starting from the two Socratic principles of virtue and happiness, he emphasized the second, and made pleasure the criterion of life.
The universe, renewed, was to enjoy eternal happiness.
He held that happiness includes not merely present enjoyment and prosperity, but also a reasonable expectation of their continuance.
Such considerations have the very greatest importance for the guidance of the action of civilized man in seeking the health and happiness of the community.
A daughter was born to them in 1734, but the years of their happiness and of Silva's dramatic career were few, for on the 5th of October 1737 husband and wife were both imprisoned on the charge of "judaizing."
In ancient inscriptions it often means those souls who are enjoying eternal happiness, or the martyrs.
But, further, the happiness and the dignity of life are regarded by him as absolutely dependent on the acceptance of the true and the rejection of the false doctrine.
With the conquest over these nature herself supplies all that is needed for happiness.
A much more solid gain to his happiness was the adoption, or practical adoption, in 1776 of Reine Philiberte de Varicourt, a young girl of noble but poor family, whom Voltaire rescued from the convent, installed in his house as an adopted daughter, and married to the marquis de Villette.
Her pet name was "Belle et Bonne," and nobody had more to do with the happiness of the last years of the "patriarch" than she had.
God, he taught, predestines all men to happiness on condition of their having faith.
Having thus disposed of the ideas of truth and causality, he proceeds to undermine the ethical criterion, and denies that any man can aim at Good, Pleasure or Happiness as an absolute, concrete ideal.
Adoption, for example, as a practice for improving the happiness of families and the welfare of society, is capable of being weighed, and can in truth only be weighed, by utilitarian considerations, and has been commended 1 For Comte's place in the history of ethical theory see Ethics.
The public was at first greatly mystified by the nature and object of this poem, which was not merely a chronicle of Tennyson's emotions under bereavement, nor even a statement of his philosophical and religious beliefs, but, as he long afterwards explained, a sort of Divina Commedia, ending with happiness in the marriage of his youngest sister, Cecilia Lushington.
A majority of the artists are content to copy old pictures of Buddhas sixteen disciples, the seven gods of happiness, and other similar assemblages of mythical or historical personages, not only because such work offers large opportunity for the use of striking colors and the production of meretricious effects, dear to the eye of the average Western householder and tourist, but also because a complicated design, as compared with a simple one, has the advantage of hiding the technical imperfections of the ware.
On the other hand, life must in the long run so conduce, whatever its present value may appear to be, because a constant process of adjustment is going on which is bound sooner or later to lead to a complete adjustment which will be perfect happiness.
Bolingbroke's conversation, described by Lord Chesterfield as "such a flowing happiness of expression that even his most familiar conversations if taken down in writing would have borne the press without the least correction," his delightful companionship, his wit, good looks, and social qualities which charmed during his lifetime and made firm friendships with men of the most opposite character, can now only be faintly imagined.
Here he resided three years, his happiness only marred by regret on account of his separation from his brother Daniel.
But Catherine had the happiness of bringing him grandchildren ere he died.
The queen's second child, the prince of Wales (see Edward Vii.), was born on the 9th of November 1841; and this event "filled the measure of the queen's domestic Birth of happiness," as she said in her speech from the throne the prince at the opening of the session of 1842.
Anniceris, in whose thought the school reached its highest perfection, declared that true pleasure consists sometimes in self-sacrifice and that sympathy in enjoyment is a real source of happiness.
Happiness is the end of mankind.
To Plato the "happiness" of all the members of a state, each according to his own capacity, was the final end of political development.
He was sent to travel in France, and allowed to occupy himself as he wished; and he had the happiness of spending some months in.
His philosophy consisted in an attempt to reconcile the doctrines of his teachers Philo of Larissa and Mnesarchus the Stoic. Against the scepticism of the former, he held that the intellect has in itself a sufficient test of truth; against Mnesarchus, that happiness, though its main factor is virtue, depends also on outward circumstances.
The true hedonist will aim at a life of enduring rational happiness; pleasure is the end of life, but true pleasure can be obtained only under the guidance of reason.
Life is not "a series of detached acts, in each of which a man can calculate the sum of happiness or misery attainable by different courses."
Atheism is the only means of ensuring the happiness of the world, which has been rendered impossible by the wars brought about by theologians.
Happiness in this world consists proximately in virtue as a harmony between the three parts, rational, spirited and appetitive, of our souls, and ultimately in living according to the form of the good; but there is a far higher happiness, when the immortal soul, divesting itself of body and passions and senses, rises from earth to heaven and contemplates pure forms by pure reason.
Like Plato, he believed in real Universals, real essences, real causes; he believed in the unity of the universal, and in the immateriality of essences; he believed in the good, and that there is a good of the universe; he believed that God is a living being, eternal and best, who is a supernatural cause of the motions and changes of the natural world, and that essences and matter are also necessary causes; he believed in the divine intelligence and in the immortality of our intelligent souls; he believed in knowledge going from sense to reason, that science requires ascent to principles and is descent from principles, and that dialectic is useful to science; he believed in happiness involving virtue, and in moral virtue being a control of passions by reason, while the highest happiness is speculative wisdom.
Thus the Nicomachean Ethics begins by identifying the good with happiness (euSaeµovia), and happiness with virtuous action.
Throughout his whole subsequent life, however, he retained the fundamental doctrine, which he had learnt from Plato, and Plato from Socrates, that virtue is essential to happiness.
The good of Ethics is human good; and human good is happiness, not the universal good or form of the good to which Plato subordinated human happiness.
Moreover, the distinction between activity and pleasure in the tenth book is really fatal to the consistency of the whole Nicomachean Ethics, which started in the first book with the identification of happiness and virtuous activity.
For if the pleasure of virtuous activity is a supervening end beyond the activity, it becomes a supervening end beyond the happiness of virtuous activity, which thus ceases to be the final end.
In the Ethics to Eudemus, as Porphyry properly called the Eudemian Ethics, Aristotle in the first four books successively investigates happiness, virtue, the voluntary and the particular moral virtues, in the same order and in the same letter and spirit as in his Ethics to Nicomachus.
On the other hand, nobody would have gone back afterwards on his masterly treatment of happiness, in the first book, or of virtue in the second, or of the voluntary in the third, or of the particular virtues in the third and fourth, to write the sketchy accounts of the Eudemian Ethics.
While the Eudemian Ethics in a more theological vein emphasizes God, the object of wisdom as the end for which prudence gives its orders, the Nicomachean Ethics in a more humanizing spirit emphasizes wisdom itself, the speculative activity, as that end, and afterwards as the highest happiness, because activity of the divine power of intellect, because an imitation of the activity of God, because most dear to God.
Aristotle then wrote three moral treatises, which agree in the fundamental doctrines that happiness requires external fortune, but is activity of soul according to virtue, rising from morality through prudence to wisdom, or that science of the divine which constitutes the theology of his Metaphysics.
But in Ethics a man's individual good is his own happiness; and his happiness is no mere state, but an activity of soul according to virtue in a mature life, requiring as conditions moderate bodily and external goods of fortune; his virtue is (I) moral virtue, which is acquired by habituation, and is a purposive habit of performing actions in the mean determined by right reason or prudence; requiring him, not to exclude, but to moderate his desires; and (2) intellectual virtue, which is either prudence of practical, or wisdom of speculative intellect; and his happiness is a kind of ascending scale of virtuous activities, in which moral virtue is limited by prudence, and prudence by wisdom; so that the speculative life of wisdom is the happiest and most divine, and the practical life of prudence and moral virtue secondary and human.
Good fortune in moderation is also required as a condition of his happiness.
Still, for perfect happiness a man should prefer the speculative life of divine intellect, and immortalize (CcOavarQ"ecv) as far as possible.
Villele's successor was the vicomte de Martignac, who took Decazes for his model; and in the speech from the throne Charles declared that the happiness of France depended on "the sincere union of the royal authority with the liberties consecrated by the charter."
But she only enjoyed one year of happiness, for in 1473 her husband died of fever, leaving his kingdom to his queen and their child as yet unborn.
In 1775 he travelled for nine months in Italy with Prince Leopold of Brunswick, and in the following year he married Eva KOnig, the widow of a Hamburg merchant, with whom he had been on terms of intimate friendship. But their happiness lasted only for a brief period; in 1778 she died in childbed.
The aim of his inquiries was to promote the happiness of mankind, which could be better accomplished by pointing out the real possibilities of progress than by indulging in vague dreams of perfectibility apart from the actual facts which condition human life.
The happiness of the Epicurean was, it might almost seem, a grave and solemn pleasure - a quiet unobtrusive ease of heart, but not exuberance and excitement.
The sage of Epicureanism is a rational and reflective seeker for happiness, who balances the claims of each pleasure against the evils that may possibly ensue, and treads the path of enjoyment cautiously.
Prudence is, therefore, the only real guide to happiness; it is thus the chief excellence, and the foundation of all the virtues.
Virtue is at least a means of happiness, though apart from that it is no good in itself, any more than mere sensual enjoyments, which are good only because they may sometimes serve to secure health of body and tranquillity of mind.
Soon after the club began to exist, Johnson formed a connexion less important indeed to his fame, but much more important to his happiness, than his connexion with Boswell.
He engaged a musicmaster, and obtained permission to use the Bodleian, "which he took to be the happiness of his life."
Assuming human freedom it at the same time assumes that the ills of life may be overcome by a wise employment of man's resources, and it silently regards universal happiness on earth as the goal of human development.
On the 28th of July 1683 she married Prince George of Denmark, brother of King Christian V., an unpopular union because of the French proclivities of the bridegroom's country, but one of great domestic happiness, the prince and princess being conformable in temper and both preferring retirement and quiet to life in the great world.
But Anne's happiness was soon troubled by quarrels with the king and queen.
In the estimation of these people "Siva and Vishnu may be more dignified beings, but the village deity is regarded as a more present help in trouble, and more intimately concerned with the happiness and prosperity of the villagers.
Nirvana is constantly defined in them as supreme happiness.
Their interest was to show that the gospel precept of universal benevolence, which owes nothing to civil enactment, was both agreeable to nature and conducive to happiness.
He took up the greatest happiness principle not as an attractive philosopheme, but as a criterion to distinguish good laws from bad.
This was the principle of utility, or, as he subsequently expressed it with more precision, the doctrine that the only test of goodness of moral precepts or legislative enactments is their tendency to promote the greatest possible happiness of the greatest possible number."
Both she and her sister Maria (Mrs William Grey) took a keen interest in bettering women's equipment for educational work, and, in 1858, she published Intellectual Education and its Influence on the Character and Happiness of Women.
In Bacon's New Atlantis (1624-29) science is the key to universal happiness; Tommaso Campanella's Civitas Solis (1623) portrays a communistic society, and is largely inspired by the Republic of Plato; James Harrington's Oceana (1656), which had a profound influence upon political thought in America, is a practical treatise rather than a romance, and is founded on the ideas that property, especially in land, is the basis of political power, and that the executive should only be controlled for a short period by the same man or men.
We despair of saving the colony from those evils which threaten it by the turbulent and dishonest conduct of vagrants, who are allowed to infest the country in every part; nor do we see any prospect of peace or happiness for our children in a country thus distracted by internal commotions.
Now, whatever speculation may say as to God's purpose being necessarily universal benevolence, experience plainly shows us that our present happiness and misery depend upon our conduct, and are not distributed indiscriminately.
Therefore no argument can be brought from experience against the possibility of our future happiness and misery likewise depending upon conduct.
Further, we are not only under a government in which actions considered simply as such are rewarded and punished, but it is known from experience that virtue and vice are followed by their natural consequents - happiness and misery.
There will be a new law, dwelling specially upon the " external duties" required of all men, wise or unwise; and even the sufficiency of virtue for our happiness may be questioned.
True happiness consists in taking advantage of what one has and being content with it (see Ethics).
The general statement that such doctrines refer all moral action to criteria of the individual's happiness, preservation, moral perfection, raises an obvious difficulty.
Again, we may contrast the early Greek hedonists, who bade each man seek the greatest happiness (of whatever kind), with modern utilitarian and social hedonists, who prefer the greatest good or the greatest happiness of the greatest number.
As, according to the doctrine of virtue, God's virtue consists primarily in love to Himself, so His final end in creation is conceived to be, not as the Arminians held, the happiness of His creatures, but His own glory.
According to Walton, Donne spent some time in Italy and Spain, and intended to proceed to Palestine, "but at his being in the farthest parts of Italy, the disappointment of company,or of a safe convoy,or the uncertainty of returns of money into those remote parts, denied him that happiness."
In the Compensations he sought to prove that, on the whole, happiness and misery are equally balanced, and therefore that men should accept the government which is given them rather than risk the horrors of revolution.
In a remarkable speech delivered in 1872, he spoke with great warmth of the slighting of the colonies, saying that "no minister in this country will do his duty who neglects any opportunity of reconstructing as much as possible our colonial empire, and of responding to those distant sympathies which may become the source of incalculable strength and happiness to this island."
At the Seance Royale Louis made known his will that the Estates should deliberate apart, and declared that if they should refuse to help him he would do by his sole authority what was necessary for the happiness of his people.
Hence we find that later thinkers of the Cyrenaic school felt themselves compelled to change their fundamental notion; thus Theodorus defined the good as" gladness " (Xapa) depending on wisdom, as distinct from mere pleasure, while Hegesias proclaimed that happiness was unattainable, and that the chief function of wisdom was to render life painless by producing indifference to all things that give pleasure.
Nay, further, he required that the Christian " love to God " should be regarded as pure only if purged from the self-regarding desire of the happiness which God gives.
The only instances which he gives of intuitive moral truths are the purely formal propositions, " No government allows absolute liberty," and " Where there is no property there is no injustice," - neither of which has any evident connexion with the general happiness.
Here, for the first time, we find "moral good " and " natural good " or " happiness " treated separately as two essentially distinct objects of rational pursuit and investigation; the harmony between them being regarded as matter of religious faith, not moral knowledge.
As regards "material" goodness of actions, 'he adopts explicitly and unreservedly the formula afterwards taken as fundamental by Bentham; holding that " that action is best which procures the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers, and the worst which in a like manner occasions misery."
On the other hand, he does not seem to think that moral sentiment or " taste " can " become a motive to action," except as it " gives pleasure or pain, and thereby constitutes happiness or misery."
He attempts, however, to show, in a summary way, that all the duties which his moral theory recommends are also " the true interest of the individual," - taking into account the importance to his happiness of " peaceful reflection on one's own conduct."
This Paley and Bentham (after Locke) interpreted as merely the effect on the will of the pleasures or pains attached to the observance or violation of moral rules, combining with this the doctrine of Hutcheson that " general good " or " happiness " is the final end and standard of these rules; while they eliminated all vagueness from the notion of general happiness by defining it to consist in " excess of pleasure over pain " - pleasures and pains being regarded as " differing in nothing but continuance or intensity."
Hence, his method in deciding moral questions is chiefly that of estimating the tendency of actions to promote or diminish the general happiness.
He argues that men having no free will have really no desert; therefore the divine equity must ultimately distribute happiness in equal shares to all; therefore I must ultimately increase my own happiness most by conduct that adds most to the general fund which Providence administers.
Accordingly, it is the development of benevolence in man, and of the habit of " living for others," which Comte takes as the ultimate aim and standard of practice, rather than the mere increase of happiness.
Though duty, in his view, excludes regard for private happiness, the summum bonum is not duty alone, but happiness combined with moral worth; the demand for happiness as the reward of duty is so essentially reasonable that we must postulate a universal connexion between the two as the order of the universe; indeed, the practical necessity of this postulate is the only adequate rational ground that we have for believing in the existence of God.
Similarly the comparative failure of science to satisfy men's aspirations alike in knowledge and, so far as the happiness of the masses is concerned, in practice has been largely instrumental in producing that revolt against material prosperity as the end of conduct which is characteristic of idealist moral philosophy.
Spencer looked to ideas derived from the biological sciences to provide a solution of all the enigmas of morality, as of most other departments of life; and he conceived it " to be the business of moral science to deduce from the laws of life and the conditions of existence what kinds of action necessarily tend to produce happiness and what kinds to produce unhappiness."
Happiness, again, is always regarded as consisting in feeling, ultimately in pleasant feeling, and there is no attempt to apply the same principles of criticism which he had successfully applied to the Utilitarians' " happiness " to the conception of " pleasure."
Sir Leslie Stephen, for instance, wishes to substitute the conception of " social health " for that of universal happiness, and considers that the conditions of social health are to be discovered by an examination of the " social organism " or of " social tissue," the laws of which can be studied apart from those laws by which the individuals composing society regulate their conduct.
This hedonism, however, is not confined to the self (egoistic), but involves a due regard to the pleasure of others, and is, therefore, distinguished further as universalistic. Lastly, Sidgwick returns to the principle that no man should act so as to destroy his own happiness, and leaves us with a somewhat unsatisfactory dualism.
The final end of life is happiness, and happiness is harmony of soul and body (tranquillitas animi et indolentia corporis).
For on the one hand unless the egoist's happiness is compatible to some extent with that of his fellows, their opposition will almost inevitably vitiate his perfect enjoyment; on the other hand, the altruist whose primary object is the good of others, must derive his own highest happiness - i.e.
Happiness, fear, awe … The gloves were off this night.