Economists Sentence Examples

Many of its members became famous as engineers, economists, and men of business.

Some doctrines of the earlier economists, such as the Wages Fund Theory, are now practically abandoned, though it may be said that they contained a certain amount of truth.

The opinions of present-day economists appear to fluctuate between these two extremes.

Moreover, modern economists, while accepting in the main the general tenor of Malthus's theory of population, would not agree with his statement of it.

The European ferment of ideas which preceded the French Revolution expressed itself in men like Alfieri, the fierce denouncer of tyrants, Beccaria, the philosopher of criminal jurisprudence, Volta, the physicist, and numerous political economists of Tuscany.

He soon, however, became entirely engrossed with colonial affairs, and, having impressed John Stuart Mill, Colonel Torrens and other leading economists with the value of his ideas, became a leading though not a conspicuous manager of the South Australian Company, by which the colony of South Australia was ultimately founded.

This system, which for many years subsequently was regarded as authoritative, has been subjected to vigorous criticism by later economists, and it is perhaps not too much to say that it now possesses mainly an historical interest.

In this article we propose therefore to confine ourselves to discussing the character and subject-matter of the science, indicating its relation to other sciences, and explaining the methods by which economists reach their conclusions.

It is also possible to find in them many anticipations of the views of the economists of later times; but such statements were as a rule generated merely by the heat of controversy on some measure or event of practical importance, and when the controversy died down were seldom regarded or incorporated in a scientific system.

Whether such large numbers have the character of the " economic man " of the early economists matters very little.

Any one who has taken the trouble to trace the history of one of the modern schools of economists, or of any branch of economic science, knows how difficult it is to say when it began.

It must be clear to every observer that the economists of the classical period, with the one exception of Adam Smith, will speedily share the fate of nearly all scientific writers.

For the rest of the economists of this period, it is difficult to see how they can escape oblivion.

It would be of immense advantage from a scientific point of view if this could be taken for granted, if for a time the work of the classical economists could be considered final so far as it goes, and for the purposes of investigation regarded as the theoretical counterpart of the modern industrial system.

This assumption, however, has been made quite impossible, not by the historical school, but by the criticism and analysis of economists in the direct line of the Ricardian succession.

If the Ricardian school of economists had been merely philosophers, or even a group like the French physiocrats, this state of things might be regarded with equanimity.

If they could, by some happy chance, have been left for discovery by modern economists, they would without doubt have received different treatment, to the great advantage of economic science.

If we go to Mill to discover what it is, we find that " it is not pretended that the law of diminishing return was operative from the beginning of society; and though some political economists may have believed it to come into operation earlier than it does, it begins quite early enough to support the conclusions they founded on it."

When the aim of the man of affairs and the hypothesis of the economist was unrestricted competition, and measures were being adopted to realize it, general theory such as the classical economists provided was perhaps a sufficiently trustworthy guide for practical statesmen and men of business.

It is true that at present very little work of this kind has been done in England, but innumerable books, many of them about England, have been written by thoroughly competent economists, in French, German and other languages.

It was hailed with satisfaction by the Unionists, but the pure economists complained that he had thrown sobriety and thrift to the winds.

This position he founded on the law of wages formulated by Ricardo, and accepted by all the leading economists, that wages are controlled by the ordinary relations of supply and demand, that a rise in wages leads to an increase in the labouring population, which, by increasing the supply of labour, is followed by a corresponding fall of wages.

The work of Cobden, and what is now called "Cobdenism," has in recent years been subjected to much criticism from the newer school of English economists who advocate a "national policy" (on the old lines of Alexander Hamilton and Friedrich List) as against his cosmopolitan ideals.

He was also a supporter of the principles of the economists, and Quesnay called him his wellbeloved disciple.

This is a good thing because it means that high degrees of utility (the economists' word for "happiness") can be achieved with a wide variety of goods.

It was during this period that he met the leaders of the "physiocratic" school, Quesnay and Gournay, and with them Dupont de Nemours, the abbe Morellet and other economists.

We might assume that criticism and analysis had separated the wheat from the chaff in their writings, that everything of permanent value had probably been preserved and incorporated in the works of later economists.

The scientific study of the economics of local administration is, however, in its infancy, and requires to be taken up in earnest by economists.

These are some of the questions which must absorb the energies of the rising generation of economists.

Ganilh is best known as the most vigorous defender of the mercantile school in opposition to the views of Adam Smith and the English economists.

This tract, the Discours sur les causes de l'extreme cherte qui est aujourdhuy en France (1574), and the disquisition on public revenues in the sixth book of the Republique, entitle Bodin to a distinguished position among the earlier economists.

The first, treating of agriculture and domestic economy, was the Journal economique (1751-1772); a Journal de commerce was founded in 1759; periodical biography may be first seen in the Necrologe des hommes celebres de France (1764-1782); the political economists established the Ephemerides du citoyen in 1765; the first Journal d'education was founded in 1768, and the Courrier de la mode in the same year; the theatre had its first organ in the Journal des theatres (1770); in the same year were produced a Journal de musique and the Encyclopedia militaire; the sister service was supplied with a Journal de marine in 1778.

Say is considered to have brought out the importance of capital as a factor in production more distinctly than the English economists, who unduly emphasized labour.

Deputies from the towns took part in the election of John Albert (1492), and the burgesses of Cracow, the most enlightened economists in the kingdom, supplied Sigismund I.

Nevertheless it is the deficient quantity of the wheat raised in the British Islands, and not the quality of the grain, which has been the cause of so much anxiety to economists and statesmen.

His lectures on political economy, which are based on strict utilitarian principles, are in marked accordance with the theories of the English school of economists.

His first step was to recover control of the mint, and place it in the hands of capable middle-class merchants and bankers, like Caspar Beer, Jan Thurzo, Jan Boner, the Betmans, exiles for conscience' sake from Alsace, who had sought refuge in Poland under Casimir IV., Justus Decyusz, subsequently the king's secretary and historian, and their fellows, all practical economists of high integrity who reformed the currency and opened out new ways for trade and commerce.

He studied for the medical profession, but did not enter upon practice, his attention having been early directed to economic questions through his friendship with Francois Quesnay, Turgot and other leaders of the school known as the Economists.

By far the greater part of the interest now paid in the civilized world is, in the language of the English economists, only a fair reward for risk of loss and for management of capital, and a necessary stimulus to saving.

A Serious Fall in the Value of Gold (1863) and The Coal Question (1865) placed him in the front rank as a writer on applied economics and statistics; and he would be remembered as one of the leading economists of the 19th century even had his Theory of Political Economy never been written.

Meanwhile the economists had themselves taken up the problem, and it was from them that the historians of to-day have learned it.

The land tax is quite unimportant, being an ancient tax upon an old assessment which has long become obsolete, and it interests economists most of all by the illustration it furnishes of what may be called a rentcharge tax - a tax, that is, which has been so long in existence and so fixed in its basis that it becomes in reality a charge upon the property, and not a direct burden upon the person who pays it, as the income tax is upon the person who pays it or for whom it is paid.

They have been regarded with' much dislike by most economists, and some dues of the kind which existed in London, viz., dues on coal and wine imported, and metage dues on grain, were much imposed until their final abolition in recent years.

As to the justice of such a progressive tax, there is a common opinion in its favour among economists, at least to .the extent of exempting a certain minimum of subsistence from taxation; but the present writer, after accepting this view in early life on the authority of Mill, must now express the greatest doubt.

Politically one might differ from him, but economists as such must either be silent when political reasons are alleged for taxes that are against fundamental maxims, or must be content to point out the cost of the taxes in order that the communities concerned may decide whether the object in view is obtainable by means of the taxation, and is worth the price.

Here you find articles in the encyclopedia about economists.

He had been in France in 1773, where he had not only the famous vision of Marie Antoinette at Versailles, "glittering like the morning star, full of life, and splendour and joy," but had also supped and discussed with some of the destroyers, the encyclopaedists, "the sophisters, economists and calculators."

Phelps, - men of admitted competence, yet, after all, of no higher authority than the economists supporting Mr Chamberlain, such as Dr Cunningham and Professor Ashley.

However, the magnitude of the Arab boycott of US products is minimized by economists.

As Lionel Robbins shows, all the major classical economists were quite vehement in their denunciation of laissez faire as an abstract standard.

Most economists expected the actual accession to have little impact on growth in Central and Eastern Europe.

Serious study of the work of these economists is essential if a coherent, logically consistent ' new economics ' is to emerge.

Modern American economists have dignified this common sense insight with the name of rational ignorance.

But the massive rise in the last two years has led economists to predict a sharp slowdown over the next year or so.

We are currently recruiting PhD economists (closing date is 30 November 2006 ).

Left Keynesian economists believe in strong consumer demand, but even Keynesians know you can have too much of a good thing!

David MacNaughton's paper examined the broadly Humean model of the moral agent that many neoclassical environmental economists typically assume.

Long before me bourgeois historians had described the historical development of this class struggle and bourgeois economists, the economic anatomy of classes.

The Objectivist worldview can provide a context to the economic insights of the Austrian economists.

Monetary policy has occupied much time of the world's most distinguished economists over the years.

What mainstream economists view as ' market failures ', I view as ' organizational successes ' .

We need some brainy health economists to begin looking at the implications of all this.

Let the Government then intervene in the manners sanctioned by the welfare economists to increase competition and thereby drive down prices.

Classical economists advocated free trade to increase domestic productivity and employment at stable or growing real wages.

And the difficulty in distinguishing between the two is one of the things that lead economists to differ and economics to appear so imprecise.

Economists divide them into two main groups, demand-pull and cost-push inflation.

Many economists avoid this by adhering to a strict scientific positivism.

Is such pragmatism too much for today's economists?

This record was compiled by CRD commissioned reviewers according to a set of guidelines developed in collaboration with a group of leading health economists.

Some economists criticized him for scaremongering by even raising the subject, triggering a spate of articles in the media on the subject.

Chapter Thesis The conception of welfare used by preference utilitarians and many modern welfare economists is that of want-satisfaction.

This shift of emphasis was originally the work of economists looking for a way of making utilitarianism operational.

His staff included two Nobel prize winning economists and a former vice-chairman of the Fed, David Mullins.

This could be seen at its crassest in the vulgar bourgeois economists, but the vulgar bourgeois economists, but the vulgar Marxists soon followed in their footsteps.

In all the colonies a complete departure from principles laid down by the leading political economists of the 1 th century was dig P 9 Y made when acts were passed subjecting every branch of domestic industry to the control of specially constituted tribunals, which were empowered among other important functions to fix the minimum rate of wages to be paid to all grades of workmen.

In the same way the doctrines of the classical economists may be adapted by interpretation clauses and qualifications the exact force of which cannot be tested or explained, so that we do not know whether the original proposition is to be considered substantially correct or not.

The man who could manage to rule a congeries of jealous factions, including Irish Catholics and Orangemen, French and English anti-federationists and agitators for independence, Conservatives and Reformers, careful economists and prodigal expansionists, was manifestly a man of unusual power, superior to small prejudices, and without strong bias towards any creed or section.

The pretentious language often applied to it by economists is objectionable, as being apt to make us forget that the whole subject with which it deals is as yet very imperfectly understood - the causes which modify the force of the sexual instinct, and those which lead to variations in fecundity, still awaiting a complete investigation.

As Lionel Robbins shows, all the major Classical Economists were quite vehement in their denunciation of laissez faire as an abstract standard.

This could be seen at its crassest in the vulgar bourgeois economists, but the vulgar Marxists soon followed in their footsteps.

Because of this, economists have kept close track of the LIBOR since its advent in September 1989.

There are frequent complaints by U.S. economists that China's policies often limit U.S. business from fully taking advantage of China's economic opportunities because of their unfair trade practices.

When used, they can often show economists specific areas of interest, called indicators, which may be in use to give an idea of where the movement is heading.

Bono has shared stages with economists and politicians as he works on anti-poverty and pacifism campaigns.

In every age economists have applied the methods ordinarily in use amongst scientific men.

To deal adequately with the numerous extensions or qualifications of these and other doctrines in the hands of modern economists would involve us in an attempt to do what we have already said is impossible except on conditions not at present realized.