By the famous Golden Bull of 1356 Frankfort was declared the seat of the imperial elections, and it still preserves an official contemporaneous copy of the original document as the most precious of the eight imperial bulls in its possession.

By the famous Golden Bull of 1356 Frankfort was declared the seat of the imperial elections, and it still preserves an official contemporaneous copy of the original document as the most precious of the eight imperial bulls in its possession.

Only the bulls have horns, and these are short and insignificant.

c. antiquorum, are characterized by the large frontal horn of the bulls, the white legs, the network type of coloration and the pale tint.

c. tippelskirchi the frontal horn is often developed in the bulls, but the legs are frequently spotted to the fetlocks.

c. antiquorum, are characterized by the large frontal horn of the bulls, the white legs, the network type of coloration and the pale tint.

The general colour of the old bulls is bluish grey, but younger bulls and cows are browner.

At Cyzicus also, in Asia Minor, bulls were sacrificed to Proserpine.

A bath of bulls' blood was much in vogue as a baptism in the mysteries of Attis.

The papal bulls of confirmation were dated February and March 1 533, and the consecration took place on the 30th March.

touching benefices, tithes and papal bulls showed her determination to be supreme in her own territory.

The parlements thereupon condemned several private persons for obtaining bulls from Rome.

Gregory the Great sent to Mellitus, bishop of London, a written rite of sacrificing bulls for use in the English church of the early 7th century.

They also printed in1461-1462several papal bulls, proclamations of Adolf of Nassau, &c. Nothing is known to have appeared for three years after the storming and capture of Mainz in 1462.

But though this defensive zeal led to active persecution, still in theory Judaism was a tolerated religion wherever the Church had sway, and many papal bulls of a friendly character were issued throughout the middle ages (Scherer, p. 32 seq.).

The popes themselves, within their own immediate jurisdiction, were often far more tolerant than their bulls issued for foreign communities, and Torquemada was less an expression than a distortion of the papal policy.

They also printed in1461-1462several papal bulls, proclamations of Adolf of Nassau, &c. Nothing is known to have appeared for three years after the storming and capture of Mainz in 1462.

on his death-bed (bulls of February 5 and 7, 1447).

c. rothschildi also has a large frontal horn and white legs, but the spots in the bulls are very dark and those of the females jagged.

His constitution of the 1st of March 1519 condemned the king of Spain's claim to refuse the publication of papal bulls.

In the southern districts, where the farmers are Europeans, the breed of cattle is being steadily improved by the introduction of Durham and Hereford bulls.

The papal bulls granting the use of mitres before the nth century are all forgeries (Liturgische Gewandung, 431-448).

From this time onward papal bulls bestowing mitres, together with other episcopal insignia, on abbots become increasingly frequent.

At Cyare, a fountain near Syracuse which Pluto made to spring up when he carried off his bride, the Syracusans held an annual festival in the course of which bulls were sacrificed by being drowned in the water.

This volume records the births in the herds of members of the society, and gives the pedigrees of cows and bulls, besides furnishing lists of prizewinners at the principal shows and butter-test awards, and reports of sales by auction of Jersey cattle.

The cardinals did not trust themselves across the border; their messengers, however, were courteously received by Bruce, but with a firm refusal to admit the papal bulls into his kingdom because not addressed to him as king.

Bruce admitted Newton to his presence at Aldcamus or Old Cambus, and informed him that he would not receive the bulls until his title was acknowledged and he had taken Berwick.

One of the chief monuments is the Serapeum or sepulchre of the Apis bulls, discovered by Mariette in 1851.

When thus found, the mistletoe was cut with a golden knife by a priest clad in a white robe, two white bulls being sacrificed on the spot.

As a recompense, he was nominated archbishop of Toulouse (May 28, 1652), but had to wait for the bulls of investiture till the 23rd of March 1654.

The Hindus are fond of painting the outside of their houses a deep red colour, and of covering the most conspicuous parts with pictures of flowers, men, women, bulls, elephants and gods and goddesses in all the many forms known in Hindu mythology.

Aeetes required of Jason that he should first yoke to a plough his bulls, given him by Hephaestus, which snorted fire and had hoofs of brass, and with them plough the field of Ares.

Bulls of the typical bantin of Java and Borneo are, when fully adult, completely black except for the white rump and legs, but the cows and young are rufous.

In Burma the species is represented by the tsaine, or h'saine, in which the colour of the adult bulls is rufous fawn.

oxen, 56,540 cows, 23,765 bulls and 19,643 breeding cattle, as well as a large number of carcases.

The slighting references to it by the Christian fathers are no more an argument against its existence in the primitive church than the similar denunciations by the Jewish prophets of burnt-offerings and sacrifices are any proof that there were no such rites as the offering of incense, and of the blood of bulls and fat of rams, in the worship of the temple at Jerusalem.

Even the vast forest of Middlesex, with its densely wooded thickets, its coverts of game, stags, fallow deer, boars and wild bulls is pressed into the description to give a contrast which shall enhance the beauty of the city itself.

conquerors of Assyria, who carried his arms towards Armenia on the north and Cappadocia on the west; he hunted wild bulls in the Lebanon and was presented with a crocodile by the Egyptian king.

It was also adopted in some of the Papal bulls; and there are proofs of its having been employed in France about the middle of the th century.

It is often employed in papal bulls, especially after the time of Gregory VII., and traces of its use are found in early French authors.

The struggle, however, entered on a new phase with the appearance at Prague in May 141 2 of the papal emissary charged with the proclamation of the papal bulls by which a religious war was decreed against the excommunicated King Ladislaus of Naples, and indulgence was promised to all who should take part in it, on terms similar to those which had been enjoyed by the earlier crusaders to the Holy Land.

A popular demonstration, in which the papal bulls had been paraded through the streets with circumstances of peculiar ignominy and finally burnt, led to intervention by Wenceslaus on behalf of public order; three young men, for having openly asserted the unlawfulness of the papal indulgence after silence had been enjoined, were sentenced to death (June 1412); the excommunication against Huss was renewed, and the interdict again laid on all places which should give him shelter - a measure which now began to be more strictly regarded by the clergy, so that in the following December Huss had no alternative but to yield to the express wish of the king by temporarily withdrawing from Prague.

Ethnol., 1888); also Bulls.

1899, Oxford); Antonio Penafiel, Monumentos del Arte Mexicano antiguo (Berlin, 1890); James C. Pilling, "Bibliographies of Indian Languages," Bulls.

The small horns and bluish-grey colour of the adult bulls serve to distinguish the Indian nilgai, Boselaphus tragocamelus, from the other members of the subfamily.

Two bulls supported him.

Here were found the famous black obelisk of Shalmaneser, now in the British Museum, in the inscription on which the tribute of Jehu, son of Omri, is mentioned, the great winged bulls, and also a fine series of slabs representing the battles and sieges of Tiglath-pileser; (c) the South-West palace, in the S.W.

There was a mythic bird-cherub, and then perhaps a winged animal-form, analogous to the winged figures of bulls and lions with human faces which guarded Babylonian and Assyrian temples and palaces.

vitae (Leipzig, 1862), and there is an important digest of his bulls and official acts in Jaffe-Wattenbach, Regesta pontif.

The secular courts took cognizance of ecclesiastical affairs whenever the law of the land was alleged to have been broken; and papal bulls were not allowed to be published without the leave of the state.

Similar observances are found in our own day on the Upper Nile; the Nuba and Nuer worship the bull; the Angoni of Central Africa and the Sakalava of Madagascar keep sacred bulls.

Wheat and other cereals are cultivated, with fruits of many kinds, olives, and vines which yield a wine of fair quality; while saffron is largely produced, and some attention is given to the keeping of bees and silkworms. Stock-farming, for which the wide plains afford excellent opportunities, employs many of the peasantry; the bulls of Albacete are in demand for bull-fighting, and the horses for mounting the Spanish cavalry.

His bulls are in the Turin collection (1859).

Bones of bulls and male calves, especially crania, were collected and formed into huge ox-like mummies.

Whilst at Rome he issued several bulls to the archbishop of Canterbury, the king of England, and the university of Oxford, commanding an investigation of Wycliffe's doctrines.

The " native " cattle, descended from those left on the islands by early navigators, are being improved by breeding with imported Hereford, Shorthorn, Angus and Holstein bulls, the Herefords being the best for the purpose.

the formulary of the papal bulls began to crystallize, and the letters amassed in the papal offices were differentiated clearly into great and little bulls, according to their style, arrangement and signs of validation.

the type of the leaden seal affixed to the bulls (representing the heads of the apostles Peter and Paul) was fixed, and the use of Roman minuscule finally substituted for that of the Lombard script.

those documents in which the pope speaks in his own name (bulls, briefs, encyclicals, &c.) even when he does not sign them, as we shall see.

known as bulls.

The bull, so called from the leaden seal (bulla), is written on thick parchment; the special writing known as Lombard, which used to be used for bulls, was abolished by Leo XIII., and the leaden seal reserved for the more important letters; on the others it has been replaced by a rest ink stamp bearing both the emblems represented on the leaden seal: the two heads, face to face, of St Peter and St Paul, and the name of the reigning pope.

Bulls are written in the name of the pope, who styles himself "(Pius) Episcopus servus servorum Dei; (Pius), bishop, servant of the servants of God."

It is practically only bulls of canonization which are signed by the pope and all the cardinals present in Rome; the signature of the pope is then "(Pius) Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae," while his ordinary signature bears only his name and number, "Pius PP. X."

Ordinary bulls are signed by several officials of the chancery, and a certain number only by the cardinal at its head, who until 1908 was styled vicechancellor, because the chancellor used formerly to be a prelate, not a cardinal; but since the constitution Sapienti has been entitled chancellor.

Further, Pope Pius confined the functions of the chancery to the sending out of bulls under the leaden seal (sub plumbo), for the erection of dioceses, the provision of bishoprics and consistorial benefices, and other affairs of importance, these bulls being sent out by order of the Consistorial Congregation.

When Philip retaliated by a decree forbidding the exportation of any coin from France, Boniface gave way to save the papal dues, and the bulls issued by him in 1297 were a decided victory for the French king.

The finest cattle are of the humped variety, the bulls of the Baggara being trained to the saddle and to carry burdens.

The animals are small, but Durham and Hereford bulls have been introduced from Argentina to improve the breed.

A custom by the religious to obtain exemption for lands let to their tenants by means of bulls from the pope was put an end to by a statute of Henry IV.

making the acquisition or use of such bulls henceforward a praemunire.

The effects of concordats and bulls alike are tempered by the exercise by the civil power of certain traditional reserved rights, e.g.

By a new law, papal bulls could not be published without the consent of the crown, and the direct intercourse of the bishops with Rome was forbidden; the privileges of the religious orders were curtailed; and the education of the clergy was brought under state control.

Records of the time that has elapsed between two regnal dates in the reigns of different kings are very helpful; thus stelae from the Serapeum recording the ages of the Apis bulls with the dates of their birth and death have fixed the chronology of the XXVIth Dynasty.

At the same time, he sent the famous bulls Salvator mundi, a sort of repetition of Clericis laicos, and Ausculta fili, which opened a new stage of the quarrel between the pope and king.

Black bulls, symbolical of the stormy sea, were sacrificed to him, and often thrown alive into rivers; in Ionia and Thessaly bull-fights took place in his honour; at a festival of his at Ephesus the cupbearers were called.

"bulls," and the god himself was surnamed "Bull Poseidon."

Horses and black bulls, boars and rams were offered to him, sometimes human beings.

No images of Yahweh or of earlier Canaanite deities have been unearthed; but images belong to a relatively advanced stage in the development of religion, and the aniconic stage may be represented by the sacred pillars and posts, by the small models of heads of bulls, and by the evidence for calf-cults in the Old Testament.

They were encouraged by papal bulls in their contest for the rights of property in wrecks and for the protection of shipping against pirates and slavehunters.

These last are more hardy than ordinary cattle; their charactot is maintained by crossing the cows with wild bulls, and their milk yields the best ghi or clarified butter.

He possessed an immense wealth of herds, including twelve bulls sacred to Helios, and white as swans.

Magnificent red bulls are bred by the farmers for ploughing and other farming operations, and for the transport of goods.

The inland transit of goods is almost entirely on the backs of bulls carrying from 450 to 600 lb, on ponies carrying 200 ib, and on men carrying from l00 to 150 lb, bringing the average cost up to a fraction over 8d.

Important bulls are in J.

" Pius P.P.X.," the signature of bulls is "Pius episcopas ecclesiae catholicae," and the heading, "Pius episcopus, servus servorum Dei," this latter formula going back to the time of St Gregory the Great.

Bulls.

One forbade papal bulls to be published in France without the consent of the crown.

There is hardly room to doubt that we have here a tradition of human sacrifice in connexion with the worship of the Phoenician Baal (Zeus Atabyrius) such as prevailed at Rhodes; when misfortune threatened Rhodes the brazen bulls in.

(4) The worship of trees, plants and animals is a particular phase of the wider series of nature-cults, only named here because of its frequency and its obvious survivals in some of the higher polytheisms, where, as in Egypt, the Apis bulls were worshipped; or where, as in Mesopotamia, the great gods are partly symbolized by animal forms; or where, as in Israel, Yahweh might be represented as a bull; or where, as in Greece, such epithets as Dendrites and Endendros preserved traces of the association of Dionysus and Zeus with vegetation; while sacred animals like the serpents of Aesculapius were preserved in the temples.6

The smaller buffaloes are also easily disposed of; but the buffalo bulls, and especially the wild ones, are formidable antagonists, and have often been known to beat the tiger off, and even to wound him seriously.

In addition to the prerogatives commonly invested in his office, the president is authorized to supervise the judiciary, to nominate candidates for the higher ecclesiastical offices, to intervene in the enforcement of ecclesiastical decrees, papal bulls, &c., to exercise supervisory police powers, and to appoint the intendants of provinces and the governors of departments, who in turn appoint the sub-delegates and inspectors of subordinate political divisions.

The encyclical letters of the Roman Catholic Church are epistles, even more so than bulls, which are usually more special in their destination.

in two bulls issued on the 4th of May, 1493.

The most remarkable architectural feature of the building is the partition that separated the altar from this long gallery; it consists of two columns between antae, with capitals of a very peculiar form, consisting of the fore parts of bulls set back to back; from these the whole building is sometimes called the sanctuary of the bulls.

In 1741 he issued the bull Immensa pastorum principis, demanding more humane treatment for the Indians of Brazil and Paraguay, and in the bulls Ex quo singulari (1742) and Omnium sollicitudinum (1744) he rebuked the missionary methods of the Jesuits in accommodating their message to the heathen usages of the Chinese and of the natives of Malabar.

The palace proper was divided into three sections, built around three sides of a large court on the south-east or city side, into which opened the great outer gates, guarded by winged stone bulls, each section containing suites of rooms built around several smaller inner courts.

Both children were afterwards legitimized by papal bulls.

The bulls are usually kept for ploughing, the cow being preferred for meat.

Henry suspended his consent in order to induce the pope to grant Cranmer his bulls as archbishop of Canterbury where he succeeded Warham late in 1532.

Scholars differ as to whether Artemis Taurica is identical with Artemis Tauropolos, worshipped chiefly at Samos with a milder ritual, but it is more probable that Tavp07r6Xos simply means "protectress of bulls."

From the waist to the feet her image resembles a pillar, narrowing downwards and sculptured all round with rows of animals (lions, rams and bulls).

The fighting bulls of Spain, the black Pembroke cattle of Wales, with their derivatives the white park-cattle of Chillingham in Northumberland, are undoubtedly the direct descendants of the aurochs.

By autumn or October he is busy at his njalla killing the surplus reindeer bulls and curing meat for the winter.

Nebuchadrezzar says that he covered the walls of some of them with blue enamelled tiles "on which bulls and dragons were pourtrayed," and that he set up large bulls and serpents of bronze on their thresholds.

Besides the cattle reared for field-labor and (in the northern provinces) for regular dairy farming, bulls for bull-fighting are specially reared in many parts of the country, particularly in the forests of Navarre, the mountains separating the two Castiles, the Sierra Morena, and the Serrania de Ronda in Granada, and also in separate enclosures on the islands of the Guadalquivir.

ABBREVIATORS, a body of writers in the papal chancery, whose business was to sketch out and prepare in due form the pope's bulls, briefs and consistorial decrees before these are written out in extenso by the scriptores.

On the 5th of June 1305 Pope Clement V., recognizing the impotence of the ordinary methods of repression, issued bulls for preaching a crusade against the Dolcinists.

Alarmed by the number of the sectaries and the extent of their influence, Pope Martin V., who had encouraged the Observants, and particularly Bernardine of Siena, fulminated two bulls (1418 and 1421) against the heretics, and entrusted different legates with the task of hunting them down.

Knobs and wrinkles on bone surfaces become more conspicuous with age, and they are readily seen in the carcasses of old bulls.

When they see prices falling the bulls turn bearish, sellers accept bid prices which drives all prices down.

Provisional dates for pedigree beef cattle sales at Borderway begin on March 1 with Limousin bulls for the British Limousin Cattle Society.

beef cattle sales at Borderway begin on March 1 with Limousin bulls for the British Limousin Cattle Society.

Provisional dates for pedigree beef cattle sales at Borderway begin on March 1 with Limousin bulls for the British Limousin Cattle Society.

Day 4 Friday 7th July 2005 First Running of the Bulls feeling brave?

Effect of monensin sodium on the performance and proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids of Friesian bulls.

Strong demand for good stabilizer bulls in 2005 resulted in twice the number being sold as in the previous year.

Only pedigree bulls are used on the commercial cattle.

Test bulls are used on recently calved cows (reduces semen costs ).

Provisional dates for pedigree beef cattle sales at Borderway begin on March 1 with Limousin bulls for the British Limousin Cattle Society.

chevron between three bulls ' heads cabossed Argent, a mullet.

In bullfights, bulls are often debilitated with tranquilizers or beatings and are blinded by having petroleum jelly rubbed into their eyes.

elephantine size but also from the trunk like proboscis possessed by the bulls.

engrailed between three bulls ' beads cabossed sable.

Once again the profit margins returned from the bulls have been a real eye-opener with a top gross of just under £ 2200.

Letâs remember folks, ripples & snowballs happen on both bears and bulls eh!

forbid the killing of non-human animals, as is clear from the laws on the ritual slaughter of bulls and goats.

Serological survey on the prevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 antibodies in pedigree beef bulls.

However, returns are still minuscule compared with what India Bulls -- the scrip.. .

In bullfights, bulls are often debilitated with tranquilizers or beatings and are blinded by having petroleum jelly rubbed into their eyes.

pit bulls) is a public safety issue.

I think (banning pit bulls) is a public safety issue.

pizzle sheath from steers and bulls and the level of brisket trim.

progeny testing, of AI bulls.

running of the bulls at the San Firmin Festival, Pamplona is also architecturally stunning.

The Cattle semen Bank collects semen from bulls of breeds on the Trust's Priority List.

shouts of praise or reproach to bulls and matadors!

sired by individual bulls within each herd.

tether bulls.

yearling bulls at a price we can dictate whereby we can turn a profit.

c. rothschildi also has a large frontal horn and white legs, but the spots in the bulls are very dark and those of the females jagged.

c. tippelskirchi the frontal horn is often developed in the bulls, but the legs are frequently spotted to the fetlocks.

The old bulls are very generally solitary for a considerable portion of the year, but return to the herds during the pairing season.

All such solitary bulls, as their colloquial name indicates, are of a spiteful disposition; and it appears that with the majority the inducement to live apart is due to their partiality for cultivated crops, into which the more timid females are afraid to venture.

Chicheley also incurred the papal wrath by opposing the system of papal provision which diverted patronage from English to Italian hands, but the immediate occasion was to prevent the introduction of the bulls making Beaufort a cardinal.

His constitution of the 1st of March 1519 condemned the king of Spain's claim to refuse the publication of papal bulls.

Other materials for the biography_are to be found in the incomplete Regesta edited by Joseph Cardinal Hergenrother (Freiburg-i-B., 1884 ff.); in the Turin collection of papal bulls (1859, &c.); in Il Diario di Leone X.

on his death-bed (bulls of February 5 and 7, 1447).

Only the death of Stephen, the great hospodar of Moldavia, enabled Poland still to hold her own on the Danube; while the liberality of Pope Julius II., who issued no fewer than 29 bulls in favour of Poland and granted Alexander Peter's Pence and other financial help, enabled the Polish king to restrain somewhat the arrogance of the Teutonic Order.

Only the bulls have horns, and these are short and insignificant.

The general colour of the old bulls is bluish grey, but younger bulls and cows are browner.

touching benefices, tithes and papal bulls showed her determination to be supreme in her own territory.

The papal bulls of confirmation were dated February and March 1 533, and the consecration took place on the 30th March.

The parlements thereupon condemned several private persons for obtaining bulls from Rome.

In the southern districts, where the farmers are Europeans, the breed of cattle is being steadily improved by the introduction of Durham and Hereford bulls.

Gregory the Great sent to Mellitus, bishop of London, a written rite of sacrificing bulls for use in the English church of the early 7th century.

But though this defensive zeal led to active persecution, still in theory Judaism was a tolerated religion wherever the Church had sway, and many papal bulls of a friendly character were issued throughout the middle ages (Scherer, p. 32 seq.).

The popes themselves, within their own immediate jurisdiction, were often far more tolerant than their bulls issued for foreign communities, and Torquemada was less an expression than a distortion of the papal policy.

The papal bulls granting the use of mitres before the nth century are all forgeries (Liturgische Gewandung, 431-448).

From this time onward papal bulls bestowing mitres, together with other episcopal insignia, on abbots become increasingly frequent.

At Cyare, a fountain near Syracuse which Pluto made to spring up when he carried off his bride, the Syracusans held an annual festival in the course of which bulls were sacrificed by being drowned in the water.

At Cyzicus also, in Asia Minor, bulls were sacrificed to Proserpine.

As the Hebrews did not mutilate any of their animals, bulls were in common use.

This volume records the births in the herds of members of the society, and gives the pedigrees of cows and bulls, besides furnishing lists of prizewinners at the principal shows and butter-test awards, and reports of sales by auction of Jersey cattle.

The cardinals did not trust themselves across the border; their messengers, however, were courteously received by Bruce, but with a firm refusal to admit the papal bulls into his kingdom because not addressed to him as king.

Bruce admitted Newton to his presence at Aldcamus or Old Cambus, and informed him that he would not receive the bulls until his title was acknowledged and he had taken Berwick.

One of the chief monuments is the Serapeum or sepulchre of the Apis bulls, discovered by Mariette in 1851.

When thus found, the mistletoe was cut with a golden knife by a priest clad in a white robe, two white bulls being sacrificed on the spot.

As a recompense, he was nominated archbishop of Toulouse (May 28, 1652), but had to wait for the bulls of investiture till the 23rd of March 1654.

The Hindus are fond of painting the outside of their houses a deep red colour, and of covering the most conspicuous parts with pictures of flowers, men, women, bulls, elephants and gods and goddesses in all the many forms known in Hindu mythology.

Aeetes required of Jason that he should first yoke to a plough his bulls, given him by Hephaestus, which snorted fire and had hoofs of brass, and with them plough the field of Ares.

Bulls of the typical bantin of Java and Borneo are, when fully adult, completely black except for the white rump and legs, but the cows and young are rufous.

In Burma the species is represented by the tsaine, or h'saine, in which the colour of the adult bulls is rufous fawn.

oxen, 56,540 cows, 23,765 bulls and 19,643 breeding cattle, as well as a large number of carcases.

Again, his inaction during those memorable twelve years (1401-1413) when the Turkish empire, after the collapse at Angora (1402), seemed about to be swallowed up by " the great wolf " Tamerlane, was due entirely to the malice of the Holy See, which, enraged at his endeavours to maintain the independence of the Magyar church against papal aggression (the diet of 1404, on Sigismund's initiative, had declared bulls bestowing Magyar benefices on foreigners, without the royal consent, pernicious and illegal), saddled him with a fresh rebellion and two wars with Venice, resulting ultimately in the total loss of Dalmatia (c. 1430).

The slighting references to it by the Christian fathers are no more an argument against its existence in the primitive church than the similar denunciations by the Jewish prophets of burnt-offerings and sacrifices are any proof that there were no such rites as the offering of incense, and of the blood of bulls and fat of rams, in the worship of the temple at Jerusalem.

Even the vast forest of Middlesex, with its densely wooded thickets, its coverts of game, stags, fallow deer, boars and wild bulls is pressed into the description to give a contrast which shall enhance the beauty of the city itself.

conquerors of Assyria, who carried his arms towards Armenia on the north and Cappadocia on the west; he hunted wild bulls in the Lebanon and was presented with a crocodile by the Egyptian king.

It was also adopted in some of the Papal bulls; and there are proofs of its having been employed in France about the middle of the th century.

It is often employed in papal bulls, especially after the time of Gregory VII., and traces of its use are found in early French authors.

The struggle, however, entered on a new phase with the appearance at Prague in May 141 2 of the papal emissary charged with the proclamation of the papal bulls by which a religious war was decreed against the excommunicated King Ladislaus of Naples, and indulgence was promised to all who should take part in it, on terms similar to those which had been enjoyed by the earlier crusaders to the Holy Land.

A popular demonstration, in which the papal bulls had been paraded through the streets with circumstances of peculiar ignominy and finally burnt, led to intervention by Wenceslaus on behalf of public order; three young men, for having openly asserted the unlawfulness of the papal indulgence after silence had been enjoined, were sentenced to death (June 1412); the excommunication against Huss was renewed, and the interdict again laid on all places which should give him shelter - a measure which now began to be more strictly regarded by the clergy, so that in the following December Huss had no alternative but to yield to the express wish of the king by temporarily withdrawing from Prague.

Ethnol., 1888); also Bulls.

1899, Oxford); Antonio Penafiel, Monumentos del Arte Mexicano antiguo (Berlin, 1890); James C. Pilling, "Bibliographies of Indian Languages," Bulls.

The small horns and bluish-grey colour of the adult bulls serve to distinguish the Indian nilgai, Boselaphus tragocamelus, from the other members of the subfamily.

Two bulls supported him.

Here were found the famous black obelisk of Shalmaneser, now in the British Museum, in the inscription on which the tribute of Jehu, son of Omri, is mentioned, the great winged bulls, and also a fine series of slabs representing the battles and sieges of Tiglath-pileser; (c) the South-West palace, in the S.W.

A bath of bulls' blood was much in vogue as a baptism in the mysteries of Attis.

There was a mythic bird-cherub, and then perhaps a winged animal-form, analogous to the winged figures of bulls and lions with human faces which guarded Babylonian and Assyrian temples and palaces.

vitae (Leipzig, 1862), and there is an important digest of his bulls and official acts in Jaffe-Wattenbach, Regesta pontif.

The secular courts took cognizance of ecclesiastical affairs whenever the law of the land was alleged to have been broken; and papal bulls were not allowed to be published without the leave of the state.

Similar observances are found in our own day on the Upper Nile; the Nuba and Nuer worship the bull; the Angoni of Central Africa and the Sakalava of Madagascar keep sacred bulls.

Wheat and other cereals are cultivated, with fruits of many kinds, olives, and vines which yield a wine of fair quality; while saffron is largely produced, and some attention is given to the keeping of bees and silkworms. Stock-farming, for which the wide plains afford excellent opportunities, employs many of the peasantry; the bulls of Albacete are in demand for bull-fighting, and the horses for mounting the Spanish cavalry.

His bulls are in the Turin collection (1859).

Bones of bulls and male calves, especially crania, were collected and formed into huge ox-like mummies.

Whilst at Rome he issued several bulls to the archbishop of Canterbury, the king of England, and the university of Oxford, commanding an investigation of Wycliffe's doctrines.

The " native " cattle, descended from those left on the islands by early navigators, are being improved by breeding with imported Hereford, Shorthorn, Angus and Holstein bulls, the Herefords being the best for the purpose.

the formulary of the papal bulls began to crystallize, and the letters amassed in the papal offices were differentiated clearly into great and little bulls, according to their style, arrangement and signs of validation.

the type of the leaden seal affixed to the bulls (representing the heads of the apostles Peter and Paul) was fixed, and the use of Roman minuscule finally substituted for that of the Lombard script.

By bulls of circumscription, issued after consultation with various Protestant states of Germany, he rearranged their Catholic dioceses and readjusted ecclesiastical incomes.

those documents in which the pope speaks in his own name (bulls, briefs, encyclicals, &c.) even when he does not sign them, as we shall see.

known as bulls.

The bull, so called from the leaden seal (bulla), is written on thick parchment; the special writing known as Lombard, which used to be used for bulls, was abolished by Leo XIII., and the leaden seal reserved for the more important letters; on the others it has been replaced by a rest ink stamp bearing both the emblems represented on the leaden seal: the two heads, face to face, of St Peter and St Paul, and the name of the reigning pope.

Bulls are written in the name of the pope, who styles himself "(Pius) Episcopus servus servorum Dei; (Pius), bishop, servant of the servants of God."

It is practically only bulls of canonization which are signed by the pope and all the cardinals present in Rome; the signature of the pope is then "(Pius) Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae," while his ordinary signature bears only his name and number, "Pius PP. X."

Ordinary bulls are signed by several officials of the chancery, and a certain number only by the cardinal at its head, who until 1908 was styled vicechancellor, because the chancellor used formerly to be a prelate, not a cardinal; but since the constitution Sapienti has been entitled chancellor.

To the chancery were attached the abbreviatores de parco majori vel minori (see Abbreviators), formerly charged with the drawing up or "extension" of bulls; they were suppressed by Pius X., and their functions transferred to the Protonotarii apostolici participantes (i.e.

Further, Pope Pius confined the functions of the chancery to the sending out of bulls under the leaden seal (sub plumbo), for the erection of dioceses, the provision of bishoprics and consistorial benefices, and other affairs of importance, these bulls being sent out by order of the Consistorial Congregation.

When Philip retaliated by a decree forbidding the exportation of any coin from France, Boniface gave way to save the papal dues, and the bulls issued by him in 1297 were a decided victory for the French king.

The finest cattle are of the humped variety, the bulls of the Baggara being trained to the saddle and to carry burdens.

The animals are small, but Durham and Hereford bulls have been introduced from Argentina to improve the breed.

A custom by the religious to obtain exemption for lands let to their tenants by means of bulls from the pope was put an end to by a statute of Henry IV.

making the acquisition or use of such bulls henceforward a praemunire.

Thus while the emperor, as king of Prussia, is summus episcopus of the Prussian Evangelical Church, as emperor he enjoys no such ecclesiastical headship. In the several states the relations of church and state differ fundamentally according as these states are Protestant or Catholic. In the latter these relations are regulated either by concordats between the governments and the Holy See, or by bulls of circumscription issued by the pope after negotiation.

The effects of concordats and bulls alike are tempered by the exercise by the civil power of certain traditional reserved rights, e.g.

By a new law, papal bulls could not be published without the consent of the crown, and the direct intercourse of the bishops with Rome was forbidden; the privileges of the religious orders were curtailed; and the education of the clergy was brought under state control.

So too the bull of Apis frol dack animal with white spots) was during its lifetime regarded tra(reincarnation of Ptah, the local god of Memphis, and similarly not Mnevis and Bacis bulls were accounted to be the living in s Es of Etom of Heliopolis and of Re of Hermonthis respec- cen ly; these latter cults are certainly secondary, for Ptah of 1 iself was never, either early or late, depicted otherwise than 0th iuman form, as a mummy or as a dwarf; and Etom and Re Hoi but different names of the sun-god.

Records of the time that has elapsed between two regnal dates in the reigns of different kings are very helpful; thus stelae from the Serapeum recording the ages of the Apis bulls with the dates of their birth and death have fixed the chronology of the XXVIth Dynasty.

At the same time, he sent the famous bulls Salvator mundi, a sort of repetition of Clericis laicos, and Ausculta fili, which opened a new stage of the quarrel between the pope and king.

Black bulls, symbolical of the stormy sea, were sacrificed to him, and often thrown alive into rivers; in Ionia and Thessaly bull-fights took place in his honour; at a festival of his at Ephesus the cupbearers were called.

"bulls," and the god himself was surnamed "Bull Poseidon."

Horses and black bulls, boars and rams were offered to him, sometimes human beings.

No images of Yahweh or of earlier Canaanite deities have been unearthed; but images belong to a relatively advanced stage in the development of religion, and the aniconic stage may be represented by the sacred pillars and posts, by the small models of heads of bulls, and by the evidence for calf-cults in the Old Testament.

They were encouraged by papal bulls in their contest for the rights of property in wrecks and for the protection of shipping against pirates and slavehunters.

These last are more hardy than ordinary cattle; their charactot is maintained by crossing the cows with wild bulls, and their milk yields the best ghi or clarified butter.

He possessed an immense wealth of herds, including twelve bulls sacred to Helios, and white as swans.

Magnificent red bulls are bred by the farmers for ploughing and other farming operations, and for the transport of goods.

The inland transit of goods is almost entirely on the backs of bulls carrying from 450 to 600 lb, on ponies carrying 200 ib, and on men carrying from l00 to 150 lb, bringing the average cost up to a fraction over 8d.

Important bulls are in J.

" Pius P.P.X.," the signature of bulls is "Pius episcopas ecclesiae catholicae," and the heading, "Pius episcopus, servus servorum Dei," this latter formula going back to the time of St Gregory the Great.

One forbade papal bulls to be published in France without the consent of the crown.

There is hardly room to doubt that we have here a tradition of human sacrifice in connexion with the worship of the Phoenician Baal (Zeus Atabyrius) such as prevailed at Rhodes; when misfortune threatened Rhodes the brazen bulls in.

(4) The worship of trees, plants and animals is a particular phase of the wider series of nature-cults, only named here because of its frequency and its obvious survivals in some of the higher polytheisms, where, as in Egypt, the Apis bulls were worshipped; or where, as in Mesopotamia, the great gods are partly symbolized by animal forms; or where, as in Israel, Yahweh might be represented as a bull; or where, as in Greece, such epithets as Dendrites and Endendros preserved traces of the association of Dionysus and Zeus with vegetation; while sacred animals like the serpents of Aesculapius were preserved in the temples.6

The smaller buffaloes are also easily disposed of; but the buffalo bulls, and especially the wild ones, are formidable antagonists, and have often been known to beat the tiger off, and even to wound him seriously.

In addition to the prerogatives commonly invested in his office, the president is authorized to supervise the judiciary, to nominate candidates for the higher ecclesiastical offices, to intervene in the enforcement of ecclesiastical decrees, papal bulls, &c., to exercise supervisory police powers, and to appoint the intendants of provinces and the governors of departments, who in turn appoint the sub-delegates and inspectors of subordinate political divisions.

The encyclical letters of the Roman Catholic Church are epistles, even more so than bulls, which are usually more special in their destination.

in two bulls issued on the 4th of May, 1493.

The most remarkable architectural feature of the building is the partition that separated the altar from this long gallery; it consists of two columns between antae, with capitals of a very peculiar form, consisting of the fore parts of bulls set back to back; from these the whole building is sometimes called the sanctuary of the bulls.

In 1741 he issued the bull Immensa pastorum principis, demanding more humane treatment for the Indians of Brazil and Paraguay, and in the bulls Ex quo singulari (1742) and Omnium sollicitudinum (1744) he rebuked the missionary methods of the Jesuits in accommodating their message to the heathen usages of the Chinese and of the natives of Malabar.

The palace proper was divided into three sections, built around three sides of a large court on the south-east or city side, into which opened the great outer gates, guarded by winged stone bulls, each section containing suites of rooms built around several smaller inner courts.

The best-known series is the papal series of leaden seals which have lent their name to the documents of the papal chancery which they authenticate, popularly known as papal " bulls."

Both children were afterwards legitimized by papal bulls.

The bulls are usually kept for ploughing, the cow being preferred for meat.

Henry suspended his consent in order to induce the pope to grant Cranmer his bulls as archbishop of Canterbury where he succeeded Warham late in 1532.

Scholars differ as to whether Artemis Taurica is identical with Artemis Tauropolos, worshipped chiefly at Samos with a milder ritual, but it is more probable that Tavp07r6Xos simply means "protectress of bulls."

From the waist to the feet her image resembles a pillar, narrowing downwards and sculptured all round with rows of animals (lions, rams and bulls).

The fighting bulls of Spain, the black Pembroke cattle of Wales, with their derivatives the white park-cattle of Chillingham in Northumberland, are undoubtedly the direct descendants of the aurochs.

By autumn or October he is busy at his njalla killing the surplus reindeer bulls and curing meat for the winter.

Nebuchadrezzar says that he covered the walls of some of them with blue enamelled tiles "on which bulls and dragons were pourtrayed," and that he set up large bulls and serpents of bronze on their thresholds.

Besides the cattle reared for field-labor and (in the northern provinces) for regular dairy farming, bulls for bull-fighting are specially reared in many parts of the country, particularly in the forests of Navarre, the mountains separating the two Castiles, the Sierra Morena, and the Serrania de Ronda in Granada, and also in separate enclosures on the islands of the Guadalquivir.

ABBREVIATORS, a body of writers in the papal chancery, whose business was to sketch out and prepare in due form the pope's bulls, briefs and consistorial decrees before these are written out in extenso by the scriptores.

On the 5th of June 1305 Pope Clement V., recognizing the impotence of the ordinary methods of repression, issued bulls for preaching a crusade against the Dolcinists.

Alarmed by the number of the sectaries and the extent of their influence, Pope Martin V., who had encouraged the Observants, and particularly Bernardine of Siena, fulminated two bulls (1418 and 1421) against the heretics, and entrusted different legates with the task of hunting them down.

Renowned for the running of the bulls at the San Firmin Festival, Pamplona is also architecturally stunning.

The Cattle Semen Bank collects semen from bulls of breeds on the Trust 's Priority List.

Lowly whispered prayers to the saints and the Virgin, followed by shouts of praise or reproach to bulls and matadors !

We can also provide lists of all female groups sired by individual bulls within each herd.

The stake in the village center, or Bull Ring, was originally used to tether bulls.

All bulls are high type and will improve dairy type in particular teat length and udder attachment.

Our payoff comes from selling our yearling bulls at a price we can dictate whereby we can turn a profit.

For instance, having a swimming pool or a certain type of dog (think pit bulls) can limit your coverage severely.

After retiring a second time from the Chicago Bulls, Michael became part owner of the Washington Wizards and later played for them as well.

First, she marries former Chicago Bulls player Dennis Rodman.

Most shelters automatically kill dogs of certain breeds, such as Chows, Pit Bulls, and Wolf Hybrids, even in places where they are legal to own.

The American Pit Bull Terrier has roots back to 19th century England where its ancestors worked to help butchers control unruly bulls.

The track's bright red and orange color scheme emphasizes its ferocity and ties into the legend - they are the very colors that enrage fighting bulls.

Pit bulls, rottweilers, and German shepherds (responsible for nearly half of all fatal dog attacks in the United States in 2000) are potentially dangerous pets in households where children live or visit.

Certain breeds of dogs are much more likely to attack humans than others; those most often involved in fatal attacks are pit bulls, Rottweilers, German shepherds, huskies, and mastiffs.

Bulls rule over a herd of females and sire even a larger herd than he protects.

Jordan was drafted by the Chicago Bulls in the 1984 NBA draft, thereby beginning his tremendously successful basketball career.

Though the Bulls had only won 28 games the prior season, Jordan marched forth to bring his team into the limelight, finishing his rookie season with an average of 28.2 points per game.

After being named Rookie of the Year, Jordan and the Chicago Bulls continued forth, making it into the playoffs for several consecutive seasons until 1991 when the team entered the NBA Finals.

Starting in 1991 and ending in 1993, the Bulls dominated the Finals and won three consecutive NBA Championships.

In 1997 and 1998, Jordan led the Bulls in two more consecutive NBA Championship victories.

The old bulls are very generally solitary for a considerable portion of the year, but return to the herds during the pairing season.

Early in 1306 he modified or explained away those features of the bulls Clericis Laicos and Unam sanctam which were particularly offensive to the king.

Early in 1306 he modified or explained away those features of the bulls Clericis Laicos and Unam sanctam which were particularly offensive to the king.

As the Hebrews did not mutilate any of their animals, bulls were in common use.