Antibody Sentence Examples

antibody
  • Over time, the antibody levels in the puppy begin to fall.

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  • Antibody response in patients with endogenous or iatrogenic immunosuppression may be insufficient.

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  • The antibody recognizes a water soluble thermostable antigen that is present in the extracellular matrix surrounding the hyphae.

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  • Previously immunized mares should receive a booster one month before foaling to ensure colostral antibody protection against tetanus in the newborn foal.

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  • Proprietary CAT-354 is a fully human anti-IL13 monoclonal antibody being developed by CAT, initially as a potential treatment for severe asthma.

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  • Antibody levels begin to rise about a week after infection occurs and remain elevated for about a year.

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  • Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty.

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  • The viruses colonize the gut mucosa and provoke antibody formation both in the blood stream and in the gut epithelium.

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  • This transfer stimulates maternal antibody production against the Rh factor, which is called isoimmunization.

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  • Preliminary results indicated a high remission induction rate with the human CD52 antibody, CAMPATH-1H.

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  • Each antibody molecule has either lambda or kappa light chains, not both.

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  • This site is about the design of the engineered Mab, supplying data and raising design issues to help the prospective antibody designer.

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  • Clinical Outcome of Colorectal Cancer Patients treated with human monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody.

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  • Negative controls utilized a mouse monoclonal antibody raised against a non-mammalian epitope.

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  • Successful treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with the anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody infliximab.

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  • Tests showed that enzymes boost antibody production by 350 %, indicating support for the immune system in the body.

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  • Quinine, and its stereoisomer quinidine, are known to cause drug dependent antibody formation using the hapten mechanism.

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  • Clearly, this field would be greatly assisted by the availability of antibody reagents specific for different types of stem cells.

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  • We continue to examine the opportunity for our antibody candidates in other indications, including diffuse systemic sclerosis.

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  • Patients were further subdivided into those with or without elevated quantitative serum Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibody (Ab) titres.

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  • Neutralizing antibody to hepatitis A virus in immune serum globulin and in the sera of human recipients of immune serum globulin.

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  • Analysis of the pattern of cell killing enables the determination of antibody specificity.

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  • Properties of antibodies 1. Antibody structure; variable and constant domains; isotypes; immunoglobulin gene superfamily.

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  • However, the need for ' fully ' human antibody therapeutics remained.

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  • Before beginning my work I had to have a baseline antibody titer done in case of a possible accident with the polio virus.

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  • A direct correlation between survival and neutralizing antibody titer was found.

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  • Such consistency was not found for antibody titers measured by ELISA.

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  • The organism was not isolated in the latter but both had high and rising titres of antibody.

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  • A low titre IgG antibody response has been observed in approximately 24% of the male patients treated with Replagal.

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  • The potency titre of the third set of tubes should be clearly reduced to indicate inhibition of the antibody by the blood group substance.

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  • It is the preparation of purified antibody that is injected into the victim.

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  • For a fully reshaped antibody this ought to be the six CDR regions of the heavy and light chain.

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  • Anti-D antibody An alternative recently adopted approach is anti-D which comprises antibodies to a rhesus blood group protein ' D '.

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  • None of the clinically diagnosed cases of measles, mumps and rubella formally notified have been confirmed by the salivary antibody test.

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  • Not everyone has the genetic predisposition toward the development of allergy antibody immune responses to sensitizing agents, or allergens.

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  • Lactation The infants of seronegative women would not have acquired transplacental antibody to varicella-zoster virus.

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  • The IgG subclass deficiencies are a subgroup of primary antibody deficiency.

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  • The antibody levels to the specific antigens were investigated over the course of the suckling period.

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  • More recent studies with vancomycin and teicoplanin have shown that the thrombocytopenia associated with these drugs is also antibody mediated.

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  • Mice vaccinated with the vaccine generated a strong antibody response against M2.

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  • Indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (or IFA) test can only find the secondary stage of the virus.

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  • A diagnosis is confirmed through antibody tests, and breeders can be asked by clients to provide test results before a kitten is placed in a new home.

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  • Diagnostics and Routine Testing explains the latest tests for antibody, antigen, and how to use diagnostic tools such as radiology and ultrasonography.

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  • Despite the best vaccine protocol, the differing maternal antibody levels within each puppy will leave some vulnerable to contracting the dangerous virus.

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  • Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome-An immune disorder that occurs when the body recognizes phospholipids (part of a cell's membrane) as foreign and produces abnormal antibodies against them.

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  • Prednisone is a steroid medication that decreases the effects of antibodies on platelets and eventually lowers antibody production.

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  • Colostrum-Milk secreted for a few days after birth and characterized by high protein and antibody content.

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  • The test involves measuring for a particular antibody or protein that the body produces in response to infection with the human parvovirus B19.

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  • In some sensitive individuals, excessive antibody production can be triggered by seemingly harmless, everyday substances in the environment.

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  • Mast cells produce a special class of antibody, immunoglobulin E (IgE), that coats cell surfaces.

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  • It displays a type of antibody called immunoglobulin type E (IgE) on its cell surface and participates in the allergic response by releasing histamine from intracellular granules.

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  • The TORCH test, sometimes called the TORCH panel, belongs to a category of blood tests called infectious-disease antibody titers.

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  • Also refers to the extent to which an antibody can be diluted before it will no longer react with a specific antigen.

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  • It sends out immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody, to destroy the eggs and protect the body, releasing histamines.

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  • It measures the amount of IgE antibody in the blood that is produced for certain known food allergens.

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  • Like the skin-prick test, RAST and other antibody tests have a high rate of false positives.

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  • Cross-reaction-A reaction that occurs in blood testing when a disease agent reacts to the specific antibody for another disease agent.

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  • The incremental increases of the allergen cause the child's immune system to become less sensitive to the substance by producing a "blocking" antibody.

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  • Antibodies to a number of infectious agents can be measured; if antibody levels are rising, they may point to an active infection.

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  • For patients who have normal levels of immunoglobulins and normal antibody responses to vaccines, immunization with influenza and pneumococcal vaccines may be helpful.

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  • For patients with total IgG deficiencies or patients who have problems making normal antibody responses to vaccines, therapy with gammaglobulin may be indicated.

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  • B-cell (B lymphocyte)-A small white blood cell from bone marrow responsible for producing antibody and serving as a precursor for plasma cells.

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  • Other autoimmune diseases, (antiphospholipid antibody, APA; anticardiolipin antibody, ACLA) are associated with miscarriages.

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  • The test uses a strip or disc that is chemically coated with an antibody specific for the strep antigen.

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  • If strep is present, a visible reaction occurs with the antibody on the strip when combined with material from the throat.

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  • Once IgG exists, it persists for a lifetime, but the special IgM antibody usually wanes over six months.

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  • Rheumatoid arthritis, in particular, is diagnosed by the presence of a particular antibody present in the blood.

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  • That antibody is not present in the blood of patients with psoriatic arthritis.

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  • Specifically, an immunoglobulin antibody protein, IgE, is produced in response to the presence of the allergen.

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  • Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-A type of protein in blood plasma that acts as an antibody to activate allergic reactions.

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  • The physician will periodically recheck the level of antibody in the child's blood.

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  • Immunoglobulin deficiencies refer to missing or reduced levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) associated with an inability to make adequate specific antibody.

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  • Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the first antibody produced in an immune response to any invading organism or toxic substance.

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  • Immunoglobulin heavy chain deletion, a form of agammaglobulinemia, is a genetic disorder in which part of the antibody molecule is absent.

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  • This condition results in the loss of several antibody classes and subclasses, including most IgG antibodies and all IgA and IgE antibodies.

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  • IgG subclass deficiency is a disorder associated with a poor ability to respond and make antibody against polysaccharide antigens, primarily pneumococcus.

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  • Secondly, B cells can fail to make a particular type of antibody or fail to switch classes during maturation.

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  • This procedure both quantifies the amount of each antibody present and identifies the various classes and subclasses of antibodies.

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  • Immunofluorescence monoclonal antibody testing is very sensitive technique that gives a rapid diagnosis of inclusion conjunctivitis.

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  • Other techniques used to diagnose a chlamydial infection are enzyme immunoassays, serum antibody tests, and DNA probes.

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  • Antitoxin-An antibody against an exotoxin, usually derived from horse serum.

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  • Most allergies, including most drug allergies, occur because of a reaction with an immune system antibody called immunoglobulin E (IgE).

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  • This test detects a specific antibody, called hepatitis A IgM, that develops when HAV is present in the body.

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  • Past or recent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be identified by antibody tests and CMV can be grown from body fluids.

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  • The antibody response develops within seven to 10 days of vaccination and provides protection for up to two years.

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  • This is equivalent to 22 mg of the antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG) per kilogram of body weight.

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  • Additional treatment with RIG may interfere with antibody production in response to the inactivated-rabies vaccine.

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  • These children do not receive RIG because it will diminish the rapid antibody response resulting from the previous vaccination.

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  • Medical conditions and medications that suppress the immune system can interfere with antibody production in response to a rabies vaccine.

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  • Children receiving post-exposure prophylaxis outside of the United States should have their antibody levels against rabies measured after their return.

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  • Immune system-suppressing treatments, including cancer drugs and radiation and steroids, can interfere with the antibody response to rabies vaccination.

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  • Alternatively, the child's serum can be checked for antibody production to determine if the vaccination was successful.

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  • The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, although immunoglobulin refers to the larger classification system for antibodies.

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  • The amounts of the other antibody types are normal.

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  • In this disorder, the production of one or more of the immunoglobulin types is decreased, and the antibody response to infections is impaired.

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  • Testing for neonatal herpes infections may include special smears and/or viral cultures, blood antibody levels, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of spinal fluid.

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  • However, since antibody tests do not distinguish between the types of syphilis, specific diagnosis of the type of syphilis depends on the child's history, symptoms, and environment.

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  • After the first sting, the child's body produces an allergic substance called immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody, which reacts with the insect venom.

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  • If the child is stung again by the same type of insect or by one from a similar species, the insect venom will interact with the IgE antibody produced in response to the previous sting.

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  • The duration of protection is dependent to a great extent on the maternal antibody titer and the antibodies received by the infant during pregnancy.

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  • Women who have had the disease have higher measles antibody titers than women who have not had measles but have been vaccinated.

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  • This reaction between antibody and antigen sets off a series of reactions designed to protect the body from infection.

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  • Mast cells, found in the lining of the nasal passages and eyelids, display a special type of antibody called immunoglobulin type E (IgE) on their surfaces.

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  • Immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or allergy shots, alters the balance of antibody types in the body, thereby reducing the ability of IgE to cause allergic reactions.

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  • Also, the body's immune system produces an antibody to fight off the allergen.

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  • The amount of antibody can be measured by a blood test that will show how sensitive the patient is to a particular allergen.

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  • The blood of Wiskott-Aldrich patients shows a low platelet count and a weak immune (antibody) response.

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  • Blood is analyzed to determine the quantity of immunoglobulins in the blood as well as the ability of the immune system to mount an antibody response against common pathogens.

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  • The two most common diagnostic tests are the fluorescent antibody test and isolation of the rabies virus from an individual's saliva or throat culture.

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  • The fluorescent antibody test involves taking a small sample of skin (biopsy) from the back of the neck of the patient.

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  • Active immunization-Treatment that provides immunity by challenging an individual's own immune system to produce antibody against a particular organism.

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  • Fluorescent antibody test-A test in which a fluorescent dye is linked to an antibody for diagnostic purposes.

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  • Mast cells, found in the lining of the nasal passages and eyelids, display a special type of antibody, called immunoglobulin type E (IgE), on their surface.

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  • Immunotherapy, also known as desensitization therapy or allergy shots, alters the balance of antibody types in the body, thereby reducing the ability of IgE to cause allergic reactions.

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  • Further advances, such as suppressing the mother's antibody response, have reduced the incidence of Rh disease to approximately 4,000 cases per year.

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  • If the father is Rh-positive, an antibody screen is done to determine whether the Rh-negative woman is sensitized to the Rh antigen (developed isoimmunity).

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  • For example, a severely sensitized woman may have antibody titers that are moderately high and remain at the same level while the fetus is being more and more severely affected.

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  • Conversely, a woman sensitized by previous Rh-positive fetuses may have a high antibody titer during her pregnancy while the fetus is Rh-negative.

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  • About 80 to 90 percent of children with AD also have unusually high levels of an antibody called IgE in their blood.

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  • IgA or immunoglobulin A is a type of naturally-occurring antibody found in your respiratory and digestive tract.

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  • Celiac.com indicates that the treatment of a gluten-free diet does not always result in a lowered antineural antibody count.

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  • Gliadin antibody testing is often employed as a tool for diagnosing celiac disease.

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  • If your doctor suspects you may have celiac disease, he or she may suggest you undergo gliadin antibody testing.

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  • To ensure the accuracy of a gliadin antibody test, it must be carried out before you attempt a gluten free elimination diet.

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  • The proportion of each protein will indicate how your body responds to gluten, but the gluten antibody test alone is not a definitive diagnostic procedure.

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  • If your gliadin antibody test indicates your immune system views gluten as a foreign invader, your physician will probably recommend an intestinal biopsy as the next step in diagnosis.

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  • WebMD explains that only the results of your intestinal biopsy, together with the results of gliadin antibody testing, will provide a definitive diagnosis of celiac disease.

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  • If you are coping with a condition you feel might be related to gluten sensitivity, there is no harm in requesting an anti-gliadin antibody blood test, or following an elimination diet.

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  • When used in chickens where maternal antibody still exists, the way in which this vaccine is administered is critical.

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  • In order to secure CAT's human monoclonal antibody drug pipeline into the future, CAT continues to develop its pool of drug targets.

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  • One example is the 5T4 oncofoetal antigen originally defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against human trophoblast.

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  • It is the first fully human monoclonal antibody for RA that works by targeting a key inflammatory protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor.

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  • Eosinophils may be attracted to areas of antibody activity and eosinophilic myositis may be an allergic response.

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  • The use of various assays to detect serum antibodies and differing definitions of antibody positivity limits the ability to compare antigenicity among different products.

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  • One problem with the test is that dogs may have positive antibody titres following natural subclinical infection, or following vaccination.

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  • Check H. pylori antibody status in patients with peptic ulcer disease.

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  • While the parental form could not activate complement, the purified univalent antibody was found to be competent.

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  • IgM is a specific class of antibody that seeks out virus particles.

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  • J., et al. "Antibody response to diphtheriatetanus-pertussis immunization in preterm infants who receive dexamethasone for chronic lung disease."

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  • Blood tests for toxoplasmosis are designed to detect increased amounts of a protein or antibody produced in response to infection with T. gondii.

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  • Antibody levels can be elevated for years, however, even when the disease is in a dormant state.

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  • It is also rich in the antibody immunoglobin A, which helps protect against infections.

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  • Immunoglobin A-A sugar protein with a high molecular weight that acts like an antibody and is produced by white blood cells during an immune response.

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  • There are vaccines for the youngest age group at risk for developing the disease and known to develop a satisfactory antibody response to the vaccination.

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  • Depending on the strength of the antibody, the anemia may clear up on its own or exchange transfusions may be necessary to replace the newborn's blood.

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  • In symptomatic individuals, the presence of high titres of specific antibody is also strongly correlated with invasive amoebiasis.

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  • Obviously their selection must be compatible with the maintenance of antigen binding in the final humanized monoclonal antibody.

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  • However, patients with the antiphospholipid antibody are usually given low-dose aspirin to stop their blood from clotting.

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  • Enhanced proliferation of CD4+ T cells induced by dendritic cells following antigen uptake in the presence of antibody.

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  • The harvested antibody is filtered and stored frozen until the end of a culture run when it is pooled and purified by column chromatography.

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  • All lines are cloned at least three times after primary fusion, and cloning continues until all clones isolated are secreting specific antibody.

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  • The database is an annotated, searchable collection of HIV-1 cytotoxic and helper T-cell epitopes and antibody binding sites.

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  • The diagnosis is confirmed by a particular blood test, called a serum electrophoresis test, which identifies the abnormal antibody.

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  • This antibody, also called an immunoglobulin, may damage the nerve fibers.

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  • A population of rat hybridoma cells were transfected with an expression plasmid encoding a humanized monoclonal antibody.

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  • No antibody testing is required after 28 weeks and rh prophylaxis must continue.

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  • The main way to measure duration of immunity is by checking the serum antibody titres.

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  • Positive antibody titers persisted for at least 3 to 18 months after treatment.

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  • The man whose HIV antibody status changed also seems to have had a change in his viral load.

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  • Virus isolated from a throat swab and/or feces or blood tests demonstrating the rise in a specific antibody is required to confirm the diagnosis.

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  • The two main groups are the B cells that have antibody molecules on their surface and T cells that destroy antigens.

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  • No vaccine yet developed had managed to produce a ' neutralizing antibody ' response in the body.

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  • Structural motifs involved in human IgG antibody effector functions.

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  • What is the complement fixation titre of antibody in the serum?

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  • There is another useful test called indirect immunofluorescence (sometimes called an antibody titre test ).

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  • If mononucleosis is suspected, a physician will typically conduct a physical examination, including a "Monospot" antibody blood test that can indicate the presence of proteins or antibodies produced in response to infection with the EBV.

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  • When these children are exposed to house dust mites, animal proteins, fungi, or other potential allergens, they produce a type of antibody that is intended to engulf and destroy the foreign materials.

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  • If the Rh-negative woman is not isoimmunized, a repeat antibody determination is done around 28 weeks' gestation, and the expectant woman should receive an injection of an anti-Rh (D) gamma globulin called Rhogham.

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  • Therefore, all mothers who have Rh-negative blood and no apparent sensitization (as indicated by antibody titer) should be treated with a standard 300g dose of Rh(D) immune globulin (Rhogam) at about 28 weeks of gestation.

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  • Children diagnosed with hyper-IgM syndrome require careful monitoring for liver function, lung function, nutritional status, oral hygiene, and normal growth patterns as well as blood antibody levels.

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  • As of 2004 no specific treatment cured common variable immunodeficiency; each child is treated according to the individual clinical condition, the symptoms presented, and the antibody subclasses shown to be absent or deficient.

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  • Once a diagnosis is confirmed, further antibody testing is useful for evaluating how your body is responding to treatment or determining whether there may be other dietary intolerances at play.

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  • Each class of antibody binds to corresponding molecules (antigens) on the cell surfaces of certain foreign organisms or substances, attempting to protect the body against reactions or illness.

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  • In the United States, about 40 to 60 percent of all adults in the middle- and upper-socioeconomic classes show antibody proof of prior infection with CMV; antibody proof is as high as 80 percent in adults in the lower socioeconomic class.

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  • Because antibody production does not usually begin in a previously unsensitized mother until after delivery, erythroblastosis in subsequent children can be prevented by giving the mother an injection of Rhogam within 72 hours of delivery.

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