Serum Sentence Examples

If my serum worked, then we know her blood will give immunity.

Its serum in course of time is found to contain something (antitoxin) which has the power of neutralizing the toxin secreted by the organism when parasitical upon the body.

An antitoxic serum has been prepared from horses by the Institut Pasteur in France, but has not met with success.

A bubo is found to consist of a chain of enlarged glands, surrounded by a mass of engorged connective tissue, coagulated blood and serum.

This is the mode of action of the anti-substances in the case of a haemolytic or bacteriolytic serum.

In other words the substances, which when forming part of the cells fix the toxin to the cells, constitute antitoxin molecules when free in the serum.

It has been completely established that in this phenomenon of lysogenesis there are two substances concerned, one specially developed or developed in excess, and the other present in normal serum.

Another property which may be possessed by an anti-bacterial serum is that of agglutination.

Shortly afterwards Widal and also Griinbaum showed that the serum of patients suffering from typhoid fever, even at an early stage of the disease, agglutinated the typhoid bacillus - a fact which laid the foundation of serum diagnosis.

Kruse and C. Nicolle have found that if a bacterial culture be filtered germ-free, an agglutinating serum still produces some change in it, so that particles suspended in it become gathered into clumps.

In estimating the opsonic power of the serum in cases of disease a control with normal serum is made at the same time and under precisely the same conditions.

The average number of bacteria contained within leucocytes in the case tested, divided by the number given by the normal serum, is called the phagocytic index.

Wright and Douglas showed that under these conditions phagocytosis might occur when a small quantity of normal serum was present, whereas it was absent when normal salt solution was substituted for the serum; the latter thus contained substances which made the organisms susceptible to the action of the phagocytosis.

Various observers had previously found that the serum of an animal immunized against (a) Lysogenic action.

On the contrary the labile opsonins of normal serum have a comparatively general action on different organisms. It is quite evident that the specific immune-opsonins may play a very important part in the phenomena of immunity, as by their means the organisms are taken up more actively by the phagocytic cells, and thereafter may undergo rapid disintegration.

The object in such treatment is to raise the opsonic index of the serum, this being taken as an indication of increased immunity.

Active immunity has thus been shown to be associated with the presence of certain anti-substances in the serum.

The increased ingestion of bacteria in active immunity would seem to depend upon the presence of immune opsonins in the serum.

Evidence has been brought forward within recent years that the leucocytes may constitute an important source of the antagonistic substances which appear in the serum.

Variations in chemiotaxis towards different organisms probably depend in natural conditions, as well as in active immunity, upon the opsonic content of the serum.

The blood serum has a direct bactericidal action on certain bacteria, as tested outside the body, and this also varies in different animals.

Thus the serum of the white rat, which is immune to anthrax, kills the bacillus; whereas the serum of the guinea-pig, which is susceptible, has no such effect.

The serum of the susceptible rabbit, for example, is bactericidal to this organism, whilst the serum of the immune dog is not.

In the case of the latter animal the serum infective conditions led Metchnikoff to place great p g importance on phagocytosis.

Lithium salts render the urine alkaline and are in virtue of their action diuretic. They are much prescribed for acute or chronic gout, and as a solvent to uric acid calculi or gravel, but their action as a solvent of uric acid has been certainly overrated, as it has been shown that the addition of medicinal doses of lithium to the blood serum does not increase the solubility of uric acid in it.

Haematogen, introduced by Hommel, claims to contain the albuminous constituents of the blood serum and all the blood salts as well as pure haemoglobin.

Further, the serum of a patient affected with one of the types has a marked agglutinative power on the variety with which he is infected and not on the other.

In due time the horse is bled, the serum is filtered free of blood corpuscles, and then constitutes the antitoxic serum, which can be standardized to a certain potency.

They were a finicky lot, lasting only two to three days in the human world before the serum that change their features wore off.

The mRNA was positively correlated with its simultaneous serum levels, and was higher in G/G genotype.

Dry mouth, transient rise of serum alanine aminotransferase values and sleeping disorders have been reported more frequently than in patients receiving placebo.

A further bovine blood product, bovine serum albumin (BSA ), is often added to serum for nutritional purposes.

Most patients with advanced disease will have a low serum albumin.

It is interesting that several authors have suggested that increased serum ammonia levels may initiate migraine episodes.

Whilst I know this results in hugely raised serum amylase assays, I have not been able to find out how common it is?

Androgen receptor blockade might be potentiated by a reduction of serum androgen receptor blockade might be potentiated by a reduction of serum androgens.

Diagnosis can be confirmed by needle aspiration which shows a creatinine level equivalent to serum.

Animal survival was not modified and serum autoantibody levels were similar in exposed and sham-exposed groups.

A serum bile acid test is not widely available.

At 14.25 hours the serum bilirubin test showed raised bilirubin test showed raised bilirubin and it was decided to give phototherapy, which was commenced at 16.00 hours.

All the liver tests should be normal apart from the serum bilirubin, which is increased.

The patient's serum biochemistry normalized after removal of the adenoma.

This will include the use of bovine material in nutrient broths, fetal calf serum and the use of bovine serum albumin.

Basal serum calcitonin levels fell only moderately, suggesting distant micrometastases.

Within 1 month of glucocorticosteroid therapy, reduction in serum immunoglobulins is noted because of increased catabolism.

Aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solutions are used, occasionally with the inclusion of bovine serum.

Low serum total cholesterol is associated with marked increase in mortality in advanced heart failure.

Several prognostic factors and serum rituximab concentrations are useful for predicting the therapeutic efficacy.

Needle sensation did not correlate with serum cortisol levels.

Strength significantly improved without changes in motor units by EMG or in serum creatine kinase levels.

Remember that many patients have low serum creatinine initially therefore a good guide to toxicity is a doubling of the initial creatinine.

Care with ACE inhibitors is required in the presence of peripheral vascular disease or raised serum creatinine.

The retrograde route is preferred for patients presenting less acutely with elevated serum creatinine or pain.

Serum urea and electrolytes and creatinine to assess renal function (but a normal serum creatinine does not rule out obstruction ).

The outcome was development of end stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine.

My mother has a creatinine clearance of 13.09 ml/min and serum creatinine of 4.59 mg/dl.

No significant correlations were observed between changes of lung function tests and serum cytokine concentration.

Nevertheless, monitoring of serum digoxin level should be considered during concomitant administration of digoxin level should be considered during concomitant administration of digoxin and Ketek.

When TOPAMAX is added or withdrawn in patients on digoxin therapy, careful attention should be given to the routine monitoring of serum digoxin therapy, careful attention should be given to the routine monitoring of serum digoxin.

When TOPAMAX is added or withdrawn in patients on digoxin therapy, careful attention should be given to the routine monitoring of serum digoxin.

These all act to dilute the serum potassium level and promote diuresis by increasing the intra-vascular volume.

The ventricles contained no more than about one fluid drachm of clear serum.

The diagnosis is confirmed by a particular blood test, called a serum electrophoresis test, which identifies the abnormal antibody.

Where myeloma is suspected, urine and serum should be sent (see urine electrophoresis ).

The rats will be humanely killed to supply serum, which is essential for the in vitro culture of mouse embryo tissues.

Levels of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme were within normal limits.

Deficiency is defined as an inappropriately low serum erythropoietin level in relation to the degree of anemia.

Enhanced MAPK6 activity has been described in fibroblasts and upon treatment with serum or phorbol esters.

Treatment was monitored by serial ultrasound scans and assessment of serum estradiol.

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Also, certain conditions can raise serum ferritin for reasons unrelated to clinical iron status.

In most cases, a fall in serum ferritin values simultaneous with a rise in packed cell volume is observed.

These proteins include fibrinogen, serum amyloid A, caeruloplasmin, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and several others.

The kidneys are capable of increasing calcium excretion nearly fivefold to maintain homeostatic serum calcium concentrations.

Comment The association between high serum homocysteine and low serum folate and dementia appears to be reproducible.

Other effects related to acid inhibition During treatment with antisecretory drugs, serum gastrin increases in response to the decreased acid secretion.

In what way are tea polyphenols able to lower serum glucose?

Phenytoin may also raise the serum glucose level in diabetic patients.

Studies show that NAC supplementation increases blood serum glutathione levels as high as 500% in comparison to controls.

A crossmatch of maternal serum versus paternal granulocytes will be performed to determine the presence of low frequency granulocyte-specific antibodies.

The serum half-life is estimated to be about 6 hours.

Top Our group could not find out why maternal serum HCG was used as an indicator of risk of carrying a Down syndrome baby.

There are reports of false positive serum HCG results due to several different compounds (not drugs) that may interfere with the test.

Steroids may cause enlargement of the liver (hepatomegaly) with increased serum hepatic enzymes.

They also have moderate effects on increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration and reducing serum triglycerides.

Ferritin Serum ferritin was measured by immunoassay, a method which displays wide inter-laboratory variability.

Investigations The serum will be investigated by the indirect granulocyte immunofluorescence and chemiluminescence tests using donor granulocytes typed for HNA-1, -2 and -3.

Serum analysis revealed that all proteins were highly immunogenic.

The exact cause of the low levels of serum immunoglobulins is usually not known.

No correlation was found between baseline serum insulin and VEGF levels.

No notable abnormalities in laboratory values associated with treatment were observed except for minor increases in serum concentrations of creatinine kinase.

This technique was more strongly predictive of RT than was measurement of serum B-2 microglobulin or serum lactate dehydrogenase levels.

The serum lipase level is more accurate and a better marker for alcoholic pancreatitis.

There was no significant effect on serum lipids, fasting glucose or insulin levels, or blood pressure.

Effects of different forms of dietary hydrogenated fats on serum lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Dosage should then be adjusted to achieve a serum lithium level of 0.8 to a maximum of 1.5 mmol/l.

Grapefruit juice greatly increased the serum concentrations of both lovastatin and lovastatin acid.

Control tube 8 is designed to verify that the patient's serum will not lyse the horse red blood cells.

Having a high serum magnesium level is a good way to help prevent CHD generally.

Interpretation Low serum folate suggests malabsorption in the proximal small intestine.

Also, the measurement of serum markers may vary between laboratories.

A reversible elevation of serum parathyroid hormone may occur.

The results showed that the group practicing the TM technique had 15% lower serum lipid peroxide levels compared to the controls.

Due to its relatively large molecular size, assays for acid phosphatase are serum or plasma based.

Compliance was affirmed by determination of serum phospholipid fatty acids.

The use of various assays to detect serum antibodies and differing definitions of antibody positivity limits the ability to compare antigenicity among different products.

A drop in serum potassium may account for some of the symptoms.

There were no significant differences between the PMS and control groups with respect to serum progesterone levels.

Maximum peak concentrations are obtained within 1 to 1.5 hours; serum prolactin decreases within 2 hours and is maximally decreased at 8 hours.

A study based on measurements of the serum acute-phase reactants.

Further serum level determinations may be required to further refine the dosage regimen.

Ocular examination, anthropometric measurement and serum retinol analysis were carried out.

Iron overload can be detected by measuring serum ferritin and fasting transferrin saturation.

In addition, renal tubular secretion of creatinine is increased at higher serum levels.

Foster argues that the fall of selenium levels trigger the reduction in CD4 cells, which in turn cause further decline in serum selenium.

Confirmation of a diagnosis of BVD in acute cases depends upon demonstrating seroconversion in paired serum samples.

Heat inactivated serum did not produce any clinical signs, nor gross or microscopic lesions.

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No infectivity was shown in these tests of fetal calf serum.

The majority of the cell lines to be tested are normally grown in media containing fetal bovine serum.

After screening half a million individual bacterial plaques of each cDNA library with autologous serum, 204 reactive clones were isolated.

These kinetic differences were confirmed by short-term in vitro culture both in fetal calf serum and in AS.

A full description of antibodies in maternal serum should be provided.

Patients were further subdivided into those with or without elevated quantitative serum Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibody (Ab) titres.

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Twins and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus Second trimester serum marker levels are raised in twin pregnancies.

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Similarly, in the three patients receiving human serum albumin, no significant tumor cell reduction was observed.

Neutralizing antibody to hepatitis A virus in immune serum globulin and in the sera of human recipients of immune serum globulin.

If they continue to drink excessively their serum sodium level falls.

A temporary decline in T-cell subpopulations, but no reduction in serum immunoglobulin levels, could be observed.

Evolution of the serum amyloid A (SAA) protein superfamily.

Abnormal secretion of estrogen and high serum levels of free testosterone are also present.

Normal range morning serum testosterone concentrations are reached during the first day of dosing.

Serum calcium levels may be reduced; in very rare cases tetany has been observed.

Elderly patients will tend therefore to have higher serum theophylline levels than younger adults at a given dose.

Reduced serum thyroxine led to an increased release of TSH with resultant follicular cell hypertrophy in the thyroid glands of rats.

Blood samples were also taken to determine serum titer of EBV IgA.

The main way to measure duration of immunity is by checking the serum antibody titres.

Laboratory findings included acid urine despite alkali therapy and elevated serum transaminase activities.

Low GI diets also reduce mean blood glucose concentrations, insulin secretion and serum triglycerides.

C. Signs of dehydration such as poor skin turgor, serum electrolyte imbalance, increased weakness, or fatigue.

Subsequent dosage should be reduced, to the lowest level which maintains serum urate within the normal range.

These changes result in an increase of about 50% in creatinine clearance, and a fall in serum urea, creatinine and urate.

Serotonin was first recognized as a powerful vasoconstrictor in blood serum.

Can DS people have normal hair levels of zinc while their serum zinc levels are low?

These corpuscles may break down in the blood vessels, and their colouring material (haemoglobin) is set free in the serum.

In the third group, the anti-substance, after it has combined with the antigen, leads to the union of a third body called complement (alexine or cytase of French writers), which is present in normal serum.

It can be shown that in many cases when bacteria are injected the serum of the treated animal has no bacteriolytic effect, and still an immune body is present, which leads to the fixation of complement; in this case bacteriolysis does not occur, because the organism is not susceptible to the action of the complement.

It is to be noted that in the process of immunization complement does not increase in amount; accordingly the immune serum comes to contain immune body much in excess of the amount of complement necessary to complete its action.

An important point with regard to the therapeutic application of an anti-bacterial serum, is that when the serum is kept in vitro the complement rapidly disappears, and accordingly the complement necessary for the production of the bactericidal action must be supplied by the blood of the patient treated.

By opsonic action is meant the effect which a serum has on bacteria in making them more susceptible to phagocytosis by the white corpuscles of the blood.

Serum retinol level was strongly associated with duration in the home P 0.0001 but not with the nutritional status score.

In the latter patient group, even a small increase in serum creatinine may be indicative of unilateral loss of renal function.

There were no differences in total serum cholesterol levels compared with placebo.

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What is the complement fixation titre of antibody in the serum?

The mean serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly changed within 3 months.

The virulence of this strain of cholera is such that Maputo Central Hospital is using 13 liters of serum for each cholera patient.

According to Dr. Uffe Ravnskov, M.D., P.h.D. and author of the book The Cholesterol Myths, reducing food-based sources of cholesterol can only reduce the total serum cholesterol by a few points in most people.

While Dr. Ravnskov provides a compelling case against the idea that lowering serum cholesterol can reduce heart disease risk, he is in the minority.

Emodin, which can be extracted from these herbs may help to lower blood glucose and serum insulin in individuals with obesity-induced diabetes.

Try the High Resolution Eye with Fibrelastine Intensive Recovery Antiist Eye Lifting Serum.

This product is a special serum from Beauty Society (formerly Intuit Beauty) designed to make eyelashes longer, thicker, fuller, and healthier.

The conditioning serum contains a unique blend of nutrients and peptides.

The conditioning serum can be used by any adult.

According to three women who tested Enormous Lash, the serum was effective and they had noticeable results after using it for forty five days as recommended.

The active ingredient in the original serum (marketed as Massive Lash) was actually a cosmetic grade of latanoprost, one of the substances used in eye drops used for patients with glaucoma.

Consumers should also be aware that bottles of the serum sold on eBay may be the old formula and contain prostaglandins.

At night use the serum and during the day use the mascara.

The serum can be used during the day as well under the mascara.

L'Oreal's Concentrated Lash Boosting Serum is a drugstore formula that contains Arginine to condition and nourish lashes and prevent lash loss when removing makeup.

Code.ai Lash Extend serum contains 30 percent lipo-peptides to help grow longer, darker and thicker lashes.

Early studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1995 linked soy proteins with a decrease in serum cholesterol and LDL's, the so-called 'bad' cholesterol.

Products include Restorative Shampoo, Restorative Conditioner, Leave-in Conditioner, Restorative Hair Mask, Single Application Intensive Treatment and Restorative Serum.

The serum contains a small amount of the flu virus.

Many people in North America get an annual flu shot to reduce their risk of becoming ill, and the H1N1 serum is considered safe by these organizations.

If you drink three or more glasses of wine per day, it increases the risk of elevated serum triglycerides in the bloodstream.

Infants receiving home phototherapy need daily visits by a nurse, who performs a physical examination and measures the total serum bilirubin level.

Discontinuation of home phototherapy is safe once the total serum bilirubin level has decreased to less than 15 mg/dL in healthy full-term infants older than four days.

It should be considered if the total serum bilirubin level is approaching 20 mg/dL and continues to rise despite intense in-hospital phototherapy.

Laboratory tests may also be conducted to identify allergens that react with allergy-related substances in the child's blood serum.

Allergy tests may be performed on the skin or using blood serum in a test tube.

In radio-allergosorbent allergy testing (RAST), blood serum is combined with a specific concentration of potential allergens in a test tube, and the mixture is tested for antibody/antigen reactions.

The sample will be centrifuged in the laboratory to separate the antibody-containing serum from the blood cells.

The serum is then exposed to allergens bound to a solid-phase medium.

The RAST test will usually require that a venous blood sample be drawn to obtain sufficient serum for the test.

A titer is the serial dilution of antibodies (protein molecules or immunoglobulins produced by the immune system in response to specific disease agents) found in blood serum that determines their level of concentration.

Titer-The highest dilution of a material (e.g., serum or other body fluid) that produces a reaction in an immunologic test system.

These tests mostly involve blood analysis in the form of a white blood cell count, complete blood count, platelet count, and serum calcium evaluation.

Serous-Pertaining to or resembling serum.

These hormone levels are measured in blood serum samples obtained by venipuncture.

Once the testing is finished, the allergist prepares an allergen abstract (serum) specially for the child.

Children who receive allergy shots may develop serum sickness or other problems in reaction to the treatment.

Serum sickness, an allergic reaction to serum contained in the allergy shot, may occur with the first injection or as a delayed reaction.

A rare and still more severe variety of serum illness produces extreme weakness approaching collapse; the child's temperature may be subnormal and the pulse weak.

The symptoms of serum disease, particularly urticaria, may occur when a child acquires sensitivity to several drugs.

Any of the symptoms of serum sickness may be mimicked.

The vast majority of A-T patients (more than 95 percent) have elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein.

The vast majority of A-T patients (more than 95%) have elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein.

Cholesterol levels in blood serum vary considerably from day to day and even from one time of a day to another related to the consumption of fats in the diet.

Sodium-An element; sodium is the most common electrolyte found in animal blood serum.

These tests allow direct detection of streptococcal antigens in body fluids such as urine or blood serum or from a throat swab.

Either serum, the liquid portion of the blood after it clots, or plasma may be used.

The serum or plasma glucose is measured.

In addition, whole blood glucose measurements are generally 10 percent lower than serum or plasma glucose.

Glucose is a labile (affected by heat) substance; therefore, plasma or serum must be separated from the blood cells and refrigerated as soon as possible.

Blood glucose tests require either whole blood, serum, or plasma collected by vein puncture or finger puncture.

The clinical symptoms of Wilson's disease do not appear in young children; however, measurements of serum ceruloplasmin can be taken in children over 12 months of age if a family history of Wilson's disease is a risk factor.

The antidote for severe widow spider bites is a substance called antivenin, which contains antibodies taken from the blood serum of horses injected with spider venom.

A complete blood count, various serum chemical and electrolyte tests, and a urinalysis may be helpful in discovering any underlying medical disorders.

Hepatitis B is a form of viral hepatitis that is also known as serum hepatitis, due to its ability to be spread through body fluids and blood.

Factor VII is also called serum prothrombin conversion accelerator (SPCA) deficiency.

A deficiency of factor VII, also called serum prothrombin conversion accelerator (SPCA) deficiency, affects one in 500,000 people and is often diagnosed in newborns.

About 50% of patients with allergic disorders have increased IgE levels in their blood serum.

Without a blood test for serum iron, there is no way to differentiate these causes.

As of 2003, more sensitive monoclonal assays had been developed for measuring hormone levels in the blood serum of women with PCOS, thus allowing earlier and more accurate diagnosis.

The amount of IgA produced is limited in either serum or the mucosal linings of organs.

When immunodeficiency is suspected, levels of the classes of immunoglobulins are measured in blood serum by using a clinical laboratory procedure called electrophoresis.

Other techniques used to diagnose a chlamydial infection are enzyme immunoassays, serum antibody tests, and DNA probes.

Antitoxin-An antibody against an exotoxin, usually derived from horse serum.

For instance, serum sickness typically causes a rash and joint swelling after the offending drug is administered.

Serum sickness also can be an allergic response to animal proteins present in an injected drug.

Antiserum-Human or animal blood serum containing specific antibodies.

Potential tests include maternal serum alpha-fetal protein analysis or screening, ultrasonography, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling.

Maternal serum analyte screening-A medical procedure in which a pregnant woman's blood is drawn and analyzed for the levels of certain hormones and proteins.

Blood tests show a high white blood cell count, high platelet count, a high level of protein in the blood serum, and mild anemia.

Serum immunoglobulin levels are measured in the clinical laboratory by a procedure called electrophoresis.

The condition may also be associated with protein-losing enteropathy, low levels of iron in the blood serum or in the bone marrow (iron-deficiency anemia), or impaired absorption of nutrients by the intestines (malabsorption).

Human rabies immune globulin (RIG, HRIG) is a vaccine made from human serum that contains high levels of antibodies against rabies.

Numerous procedures are used to clear the serum of rabies virus.

Studies have found that this regimen produces adequate antibodies against rabies in the blood serum of all subjects.

Alternatively, the child's serum can be checked for antibody production to determine if the vaccination was successful.

Rabies immune globulin (RIG or HRIG)-A human serum preparation containing high levels of antibodies against the rabies virus; used for post-exposure prophylaxis.

Iron, vitamin C or vitamin B12, and folate levels will be measured in blood serum to identify possible deficiencies.

The iron content of the blood serum is then measured.

Seventy to ninety percent of adults test seropositive (present in blood serum) for HSV-1.

Seropositive-Showing a positive reaction to a test on blood serum for a disease; exhibiting seroconversion.

Children older than five years who have any form of liver disease are often evaluated for serum and cellular copper levels to determine if Wilson disease is present.

Individual minerals can be measured in blood serum, red blood cells, tissue cells, or urine, to estimate available levels and determine normal or abnormal status.

In addition to determining serum calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels, the diagnosis of calcium and phosphorus deficiency may involve taking x rays of the skeleton.

Diagnosing low levels or imbalances of the electrolytes sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, or phosphate involves measuring the serum levels of each.

Normal serum magnesium levels are 1.2-2.0 mE/l, while levels in deficiency (hypomagnesemia) are below 0.8 mE/l.

Because calcium and magnesium must remain balanced, magnesium levels below 0.5 mE/l can provoke a decline in serum calcium levels.

Hypomagnesemia can also result in low serum potassium.

Laboratory tests look for the presence of botulinum toxin or Clostridia in suspected foods and/or the child's blood serum, feces, or other specimens for traces of botulinum toxin or Clostridia.

Older children and adults with botulism are sometimes treated with an antitoxin derived from horse serum that is distributed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Immunoglobulins are protein molecules in blood serum that function like antibodies.

A sample of the child's blood serum can be analyzed for the presence of immunoglobulins by a technique called immunoelectrophoresis.

An HBV derived from the blood serum of people with hepatitis B was as of 2004 no longer produced in the United States.

It is recommended that newborns whose mothers are HBsAg-positive receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)-a preparation of serum containing high levels of antibodies to hepatitis B-as well as HBV within 12 hours of birth.

Hepatitis B immune globulin-HBIG, a blood serum preparation containing anti-hepatitis-B antibodies (anti-HBs) that is administered along with HBV to children born to hepatitis-B-infected mothers.

The antitoxin is made from horse serum and works by neutralizing any circulating exotoxin.

The doctor must first test people for sensitivity to animal serum.

If the entire process is severe enough over several hours (serum glucose levels over 800mg/dL), swelling can occur in the brain (cerebral edema), and coma can eventually result.

If elevated glucose levels are present, the doctor will want to determine if ketoacidosis is also present by measuring levels of ketones in the blood serum and urine.

Electrolyte levels will be measured along with carbon dioxide and pH and serum osmolality, which may indicate hypertonic dehydration.

Treatment for hyperglycemia must be delivered carefully and with close monitoring to avoid the risk of hypokalemia (higher than normal serum levels of potassium) and subsequent cerebral edema.

Fluid intake and output is carefully monitored, and serum electrolytes are tested hourly or even more frequently to make sure balance is restored to support normal metabolic activity in the body.

Severe hyperglycemia (serum glucose levels in the range of 800mg/dL) may lead to cerebral edema, coma, and death if not treated immediately.

Serum electrolytes must be checked frequently, especially for children with salt-wasting CAH, to assure that normal levels of sodium and potassium are maintained.

Passive immunity is relatively short lived and is acquired by transferring antibodies from mother to child in the uterus or by inoculation with serum that contains antibodies from immune persons or animals.

At about six days after birth the serum concentration of specific antibodies rises sharply, and this rise continues until adult levels are achieved by approximately the end of the first year.

In addition to a general physical examination, the doctor may order a blood test to look for the presence of elevated IgE levels in the blood serum.

A bilirubin test is a diagnostic blood test performed to measure levels of bile pigment in an individual's blood serum and to help evaluate liver function.

The level of bilirubin in a newborn's blood serum is measured to determine if the circulating level of bilirubin is normal or abnormal.

Usually all newborns (neonates) delivered in the hospital will have total serum bilirubin (TSB) measured in the clinical laboratory on one or more blood samples as requested by attending pediatricians.

This tube is spun down in a special centrifuge in the laboratory to separate serum, the liquid part of blood, from red cells.

In the TSB test, spectrophotometry is used to identify and quantify the amount of bilirubin in a specific amount of serum by measuring the amount of ultraviolet light absorbed by bilirubin pigment in the sample.

The test method requires only minutes and a very small amount of blood serum to produce accurate results, measuring the results in milligrams per desiliter (mg/dL).

The risk of liver dysfunction has been shown to be higher in infants who were born before term (less than 37 weeks' gestation) or who have other abnormalities in addition to an elevated total serum bilirubin.

Vitamin D deficiency exists when the concentration of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-D) in the blood serum occurs at 12 nanograms/milliliter (ng/ml) or less.

Vitamin D deficiency is diagnosed by measuring the level of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in the blood serum.

Once your hair is dry, add smoothing serum if necessary.

The thicker your hair is, the heavier the serum can be; don't put a heavy serum on thin locks or it will weigh down the waves and leave you with limp hair.

Use a leave-in conditioner or smoothing serum to tame flyaways.

After employing the sedu iron, be sure to follow up your styling with a smoothing serum.

A touch of heat-protecting spray or shine serum (such as John Frieda's Frizz Ease) will make the process easier.

Show this look off by adding a hint of shine serum and flat ironing the fringe to smooth it out.

Achieve this look by first smoothing a serum into the hair prior to blowing it dry with a paddle brush.

Follow with a hint of straightening serum - remember, Jennifer's hair is ultra-straight!

After you've washed, conditioned, and dried your hair, apply a glossing serum to enhance hair's shine.

Use a hair serum for shine and a touch of spray to hold the waves in place.

When the hair is dry, apply shine serum and holding spray.

Finish hair with a light glossing serum.

Smoothing paste or anti-frizz serum can be helpful to control a fuzzy look or to add more edginess to this short hair style.

Finish with a light hold hairspray or glossing serum.

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With the help of a glossing serum and a paddle brush, this low maintenance hairstyle looks undeniably hot and sophisticated.Choosing a part for your straight style can change the whole look.

Part your hair at the side and run a shine serum through it to add extra smoothness.

Finish wavy ends with a shine emollient or serum.

In addition, a light shine serum worked throughout the dry style will help create the shine that curly hair often lacks.

If your hair is on the thicker, unrulier side, you may need to run some product through your hair to keep it under control, such as a frizz-fighting serum or styling cream.

Follow with a dollop of shine enhancing serum.

Comb a leave-in conditioner through your hair, followed by a pea-sized amount of anti-frizz serum.

After washing the hair, towel dry and apply a shine or smoothing serum from scalp to ends.

For added control, work a smoothing serum into the hair prior to air drying.

By adding a little shine serum into the finished style, you can create a sleek style that sparkles.

Polish off curly ends with a shine serum to finish and add gleam.

Work a frizz control serum throughout the hair and apply a lightweight gel to provide curl structure and shape.

A frizz serum will go a long way to prevent unruly ends, while hair accessories such as elastics, bobby pins, and effortless head bands will help keep hair styled while the mercury is rising.

Blowdrying a bob will require a flat or vented brush along with a smoothing serum.

You may choose to go wavy with a scrunch spray and a curling iron, or simply work a shine serum and straightening fluid through your tresses to create a super smooth look.

While most short styles won't require a smoothing serum, glossing gel or tress repair, you will need a wax or pomade to finish your style while imparting a small amount of shine and hold.

This lightweight serum defrizzes hair while imparting a healthy glow and a fabulous smell perfect for sashaying throughout your day.

With a curl-defining serum and a heavy gloss emollient, you can control curls during the heat and humidity without having to rely on ponytail after ponytail.

If you are exhibiting any of the above symptoms, your doctor can do a simple serum blood test to check for vitamin D deficiency.

If you are experiencing symptoms of low vitamin D deficiency, have your vitamin D serum levels tested by your personal health care provider before self-prescribing supplementation.

Blood drawn at the doctor's office or at a laboratory and analyzed for the Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels.

The Rotterdam Scan Study appears to back up the correlation between low serum levels of folic acid and impaired cognitive function.

Imagine you are selling a new cosmetic serum for men that promises to remove wrinkles, regrow hair, and otherwise mitigate signs of aging.

Next, you are going to sell the reader on using Return to Youth serum.

For example, the C-Clarifying Serum contains 10 percent prescription strength vitamin C and four percent prescription strength hydroquinone to promote a brighter, more even skin tone.

The serum is made with ascorbic acid, which offers the best absorption.

In an act of desperation, after even visiting dermatologists to no avail, I ordered Skin Biology's CP Serum and emu oil.

This set includes an exfoliating treatment, along with a replenishing serum filled with vitamins, nutrients, and antioxidants.

Salicylic acid is usually found in a gel or serum, while benzoyl peroxide is typically found in a cream.

The Rejuvenating Serum infuses hylaronic acid to hydrate the skin plus vitamins ACE to help nourish the skin and fortify against damage from the sun and our polluted environment.

The Opulence Serum infuses vitamin C and botanical skin brighteners to balance pigment."